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Draft:Tornado outbreak of November 2–5, 2024

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Draft:Tornado outbreak of November 2–5, 2024
The system responsible for the outbreak, as seen on true color satellite data on November 4
Meteorological history
Duration4 days
Tornado outbreak
Tornadoes21
Maximum ratingEF3 tornado
DurationOngoing
Highest winds94 mph (151 km/h) Rogers County, Oklahoma on November 2[1]
Largest hail2.5 in (6.4 cm) Sanderson, Texas on November 2[2]
Overall effects
Fatalities5[a]
Injuries11+
Areas affectedWest South Central states
Part of the Tornadoes of 2024

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Between November 2 and 5, 2024, a tornado outbreak took place across the South-Central United States. The outbreak, late in the 2024 tornado season, produced multiple tornadoes across Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Texas, resulting in 11 injuries. Alongside the tornadoes, storms brought heavy rainfall to Missouri, resulting in 5 deaths attributed to flash flooding.

November 2

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Meteorological synopsis

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On November 1, a conditionally severe shortwave trough developed in the late evening across Arizona into New Mexico,[3] which set the stage for the development of a mesoscale convective system the next day.[4] On November 2, the Storm Prediction Center outlined a Slight (2/5) risk for severe weather over southwest Oklahoma, western Texas, and extreme southeastern New Mexico. A threat primarily existed for large hail, with gusty winds and tornadoes being possible, where outflow from the weak thunderstorms earlier in the day moved into the Permian Basin.

A trough existed over California and moved into the Four Corners. The storm mode was expected to converge into a squall line as the evening continued, with the potential for severe conditions to persist overnight into Oklahoma being noted.[5] At 1930Z, a tornado watch was issued in New Mexico and Texas, where supercells were expected to develop and bring large hail up to 2.5 in (6.4 cm) and severe wind gusts of up to 70 mph (110 km/h), with tornadic potential being likely to develop later that evening.[6] That evening, tornadoes developed in rural Lea County, New Mexico, but most severe impacts occured after midnight. After dark, forecasters noted airmass recovery on the back side of an outflow boundary over Texas, as well as the possibility of semi-discrete supercells that did develop being capable of all hazards if they extended to the surface.[7]

November 3

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Meteorological synopsis

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As the previous night's storm system moved into Oklahoma, tornadoes would be reported in the very early morning.[8] all hazards appeared possible, as strong storms within the warm sector continued to develop, aided by shear values of 40–50 knots and MLCAPE values between 1000–1500 J/kg.[9] Of the reported tornadoes, three were rated EF3 on the Enhanced Fujita scale.

November 4

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A deep trough was located over the southern Rocky Mountains, with ample moisture located in east-central Oklahoma and parts of north TX. The Storm Prediction Center issued an Enhanced(3/5) risk for parts of Oklahoma, Texas, Arkansas, and Missouri, warning of damaging winds, hail, and potentially strong tornadoes.[10]

Meteorological synopsis

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Impact

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Confirmed tornadoes

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Confirmed tornadoes by Enhanced Fujita rating
EFU EF0 EF1 EF2 EF3 EF4 EF5 Total
2 6 9 2 3 0 0 21

November 2

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This section is an excerpt from List of United States tornadoes in November 2024 § November 2 event.[edit]
List of confirmed tornadoes – Saturday, November 2, 2024[b]
EF# Location County / Parish State Start Coord. Time (UTC) Path length Max width
EFU NW of Eunice Lea NM 32°32′N 103°15′W / 32.53°N 103.25°W / 32.53; -103.25 (Oil Center (Nov. 2, EFU)) 22:04–22:08 1.29 mi (2.08 km) [to be determined]
A weak tornado was observed over open fields near Oil Center, causing no known damage.[11] This is the first tornado ever documented in New Mexico in the month of November.[12]
EFU E of Eunice Lea NM 32°27′N 103°25′W / 32.45°N 103.41°W / 32.45; -103.41 (Oil Center (Nov. 2, EFU)) 23:50–00:07 6.27 mi (10.09 km) [to be determined]
A photogenic, highly-visible elephant-trunk tornado traveled slowly over open terrain, causing no damage. It was documented by numerous storm chasers.[11]

November 3

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This section is an excerpt from List of United States tornadoes in November 2024 § November 3 event.[edit]
List of confirmed tornadoes – Sunday, November 3, 2024[b]
EF# Location County / Parish State Start Coord. Time (UTC) Path length Max width
EF3 Eastern Oklahoma City Cleveland, Oklahoma OK 35°22′N 97°26′W / 35.36°N 97.44°W / 35.36; -97.44 (Oklahoma City (Nov. 3, EF3)) 06:20–06:25 2.4 mi (3.9 km) 300 yd (270 m)
An EF3 tornado has been confirmed by NWS Norman. Preliminary information.[11][13]
EF1 NE of Byers Clay TX 34°05′N 98°10′W / 34.09°N 98.17°W / 34.09; -98.17 (Byers (Nov. 3, EF1)) 06:41–06:44 2.1 mi (3.4 km) 100 yd (91 m)
A home lost part of its roof.[13]
EF3 SE of Comanche to NW of Velma Stephens OK 34°20′N 97°56′W / 34.34°N 97.93°W / 34.34; -97.93 (Comanche (Nov. 3, EF3)) 07:08–07:35 17.63 mi (28.37 km) 500 yd (460 m)
An EF3 tornado has been confirmed by NWS Norman. Preliminary information.[13]
EF1 NNE of Blanchard to N of Newcastle McClain OK 35°10′N 97°38′W / 35.17°N 97.64°W / 35.17; -97.64 (Blanchard (Nov. 3, EF1)) 07:18–07:23 6.9 mi (11.1 km) 175 yd (160 m)
Significant damage was inflicted at the Newcastle Elementary school gymnasium where awnings were damaged along with portions of the roof.[13]
EF3 WSW of Newalla to WSW of Harrah to N of Warwick Oklahoma, Lincoln OK 35°24′N 97°14′W / 35.40°N 97.24°W / 35.40; -97.24 (Newalla (Nov. 3, EF3)) 07:57–08:28 25.07 mi (40.35 km) [to be determined]
An EF3 tornado has been confirmed by NWS Norman. Preliminary information.[13]
EF0 WSW of Kellyville Creek OK 35°54′58″N 96°19′16″W / 35.916°N 96.321°W / 35.916; -96.321 (Kellyville (Nov. 3, EF0)) 09:46–09:52 4.6 mi (7.4 km) 400 yd (370 m)
Several outbuildings were severely damaged, a couple of trees were uprooted, numerous large tree limbs were snapped, and power poles were blown down.[14]

November 4

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This section is an excerpt from List of United States tornadoes in November 2024 § November 4 event.[edit]
List of confirmed tornadoes – Monday, November 4, 2024[b]
EF# Location County / Parish State Start Coord. Time (UTC) Path length Max width
EF1 WSW of Sperry Osage OK 36°15′58″N 96°05′02″W / 36.266°N 96.084°W / 36.266; -96.084 (Sperry (Nov. 4, EF1)) 18:20–18:26 2.2 mi (3.5 km) 100 yd (91 m)
This tornado caused tree damage and removed much of the roof of a metal building.[15]
EF1 NE of Vera to W of Watova Rogers, Nowata OK 36°30′29″N 95°48′43″W / 36.508°N 95.812°W / 36.508; -95.812 (Vera (Nov. 4, EF1)) 18:49–19:07 9.6 mi (15.4 km) 400 yd (370 m)
This tornado caused tree damage and passed a Mesonet site where a wind gust of 94 mph (151 km/h) was recorded.[15]
EF2 NNE of Cookson, OK to Tenkiller, OK NW of Norwood, AR Cherokee (OK), Adair (OK), Washington (AR), Benton (AR) OK, AR 35°47′06″N 94°51′40″W / 35.785°N 94.861°W / 35.785; -94.861 (Cookson (Nov. 4, EF2)) 21:21–22:11 32.8 mi (52.8 km) 1,200 yd (1,100 m)
This tornado formed near Tenkiller, where tree damage occurred and outbuildings were destroyed. More tree, outbuilding, and home damage occurred as the tornado continued to track northeast through rural Oklahoma. The tornado then reached a width of 1,200 yards (1,100 m) as it approached the state line with Arkansas where trees were uprooted before the tornado dissipated after passing over AR 16.[15]
EF1 E of Siloam Springs Benton AR 36°09′11″N 94°29′17″W / 36.153°N 94.488°W / 36.153; -94.488 (Siloam Springs (Nov. 4, EF1)) 22:11–22:19 4.6 mi (7.4 km) 550 yd (500 m)
This tornado developed and moved northeastward, crossing US 412 along its path. Numerous trees were uprooted, a few trees and power poles were snapped, outbuildings were destroyed, and few homes were damaged.[15]
EF2 Northern Rogers to Little Flock Benton AR 36°21′04″N 94°08′46″W / 36.351°N 94.146°W / 36.351; -94.146 (Rogers (Nov. 4, EF2)) 22:53–23:02 3.8 mi (6.1 km) 375 yd (343 m)
A strong tornado damaged trees and apartment buildings after touching down in Rogers before entering Little Flock. In Little Flock, businesses and multiple homes were damaged and trees were uprooted. Further northeast in town, a home was severely damaged with an outbuilding also damaged nearby and some trees snapped. The tornado dissipated after damaging the roofs of two more homes.[15]
EF1 NE of Idabel to SSW of Broken Bow McCurtain OK 33°56′47″N 94°46′22″W / 33.9463°N 94.7729°W / 33.9463; -94.7729 (Idabel (Nov. 4, EF1)) 23:01–23:08 3.09 mi (4.97 km) 150 yd (140 m)
Video from a storm chaser confirmed a weak tornado that snapped the trunk of a tree and downed a few large tree limbs.[16]
EF1 S of Annona to NW of Avery Red River TX 33°30′37″N 94°54′40″W / 33.5104°N 94.911°W / 33.5104; -94.911 (Annona (Nov. 4, EF1)) 23:40–23:47 7.89 mi (12.70 km) 275 yd (251 m)
An erratic tornado caused damage to numerous trees, some of which had their branches snapped or were uprooted.[16]
EF0 N of Elsey Stone MO 36°51′23″N 93°33′17″W / 36.8563°N 93.5548°W / 36.8563; -93.5548 (Elsey (Nov. 4, EF0)) 00:15–00:20 1.4 mi (2.3 km) 50 yd (46 m)
The roof of an outbuilding was lifted, trees were uprooted, a storage shed had its roof tossed, and more roof damage occurred to a church and a home. Some large tree branches were snapped as well.[17]
EF0 NNE of Wasola Ozark MO 36°50′N 93°32′W / 36.84°N 93.54°W / 36.84; -93.54 (Wasola (Nov. 4, EF0)) ~00:26 100 yd (91 m) 50 yd (46 m)
An EF0 tornado was confirmed by NWS Springfield. Preliminary information.[18]
EF0 NW of Vanzant Douglas MO 37°00′N 92°21′W / 37.00°N 92.35°W / 37.00; -92.35 (Vanzant (Nov. 4, EF0)) ~00:47 100 yd (91 m) 50 yd (46 m)
An EF0 tornado was confirmed by NWS Springfield. Preliminary information.[18]
EF0 S of Mountain Grove Wright, Texas MO 37°03′N 92°16′W / 37.05°N 92.26°W / 37.05; -92.26 (Mountain Grove (Nov. 4, EF0)) ~00:55 100 yd (91 m) 50 yd (46 m)
An EF0 tornado was confirmed by NWS Springfield. Preliminary information.[18]
EF0 W of Truxton Montgomery MO 38°59′N 91°18′W / 38.98°N 91.3°W / 38.98; -91.3 (Truxton (Nov. 4, EF0)) 03:28–03:30 1.9 mi (3.1 km) [to be determined]
A brief tornado produced sporadic tree damage and lofted crop debris.[19]
EF0 N of Foristell to N of Flint Hill St. Charles, Lincoln MO 38°54′N 90°52′W / 38.9°N 90.87°W / 38.9; -90.87 (Foristell (Nov. 4, EF0)) 03:39–03:49 6.1 mi (9.8 km) 75 yd (69 m)
This weak tornado damaged several trees, a pole barn, and inflicted minor damage to a residence.[19]

November 5

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This section is an excerpt from List of United States tornadoes in November 2024 § November 5 event.[edit]
List of confirmed tornadoes – Tuesday, November 5, 2024[b]
EF# Location County / Parish State Start Coord. Time (UTC) Path length Max width
EF1 SW of Basile Acadia, Evangeline LA 30°28′31″N 92°37′20″W / 30.4752°N 92.6223°W / 30.4752; -92.6223 (Basile (Nov. 5, EF1)) 14:07–14:11 1 mi (1.6 km) 15 yd (14 m)
A tornado initially damaged a few trees, rolled a camper, and ripped an awning off a house. A meat market was then struck, injuring three people. A cinder block wall fell over and the market lost a quarter of its roofing. An old barn behind the market was damaged. Minor tree and power pole damage continued for a few minutes afterwards before the tornado lifted.[20]
EF1 N of Kaplan to S of Rayne Vermilion, Lafayette, Acadia LA 30°06′42″N 92°18′00″W / 30.1118°N 92.3001°W / 30.1118; -92.3001 (Kaplan (Nov. 5, EF1)) 14:41–14:50 5.08 mi (8.18 km) 300 yd (270 m)
A garage was destroyed, a mobile home was shifted off its foundation, and part of the roof of a home was removed. Another old frame home was completely destroyed.[21]

Non-tornadic effects

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West of Salem, Missouri, 48 hour rainfall totals reached 18.52 in (470 mm).[22] St. Louis saw record November rainfall from the storms.[23] Flooding across Missouri killed 5, two of whom being poll workers during the November 5 elections, and the other three all perishing near Gravois Creek.[24]

In Idabel, Oklahoma, a swath of wind damage estimated to 91 mph (146 km/h) caused major damage to a vehicle showroom.[25]

Aftermath

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Oklahoma governor Kevin Stitt declared a state of emergency for parts of Oklahoma on November 4, following that day's tornadoes.[26] On November 5, Missouri governor Mike Parson declared a state of emergency until December 5 due to flooding and severe weather.[27]

See also

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Notes and references

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Notes

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  1. ^ All deaths so far have been attributed to flooding, rather than tornadoes.
  2. ^ a b c d All dates are based on the local time zone where the tornado touched down; however, all times are in Coordinated Universal Time for consistency.

Footnotes

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  1. ^ "241104's Storm Reports (20241104 1200 UTC - 20241105 1159 UTC)". Storm Prediction Center. 4 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  2. ^ "241102's Storm Reports (20241102 1200 UTC - 20241103 1159 UTC)". Storm Prediction Center. 2 November 2024. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  3. ^ "Mesoscale Discussion 2179". Storm Prediction Center. 1 November 2024.
  4. ^ "Mesoscale Discussion 2180". Storm Prediction Center. 2 November 2024.
  5. ^ "Nov 2, 2024 1630 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook". Storm Prediction Center. 2 November 2024.
  6. ^ "Tornado Watch 698". Storm Prediction Center. 2 November 2024.
  7. ^ "Mesoscale Discussion 2185". Storm Prediction Center. 2 November 2024.
  8. ^ "241103's Storm Reports (20241103 1200 UTC - 20241104 1159 UTC)". Storm Prediction Center. 3 November 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  9. ^ "Mesoscale Discussion 2186". Storm Prediction Center. 4 November 2024.
  10. ^ "Storm Prediction Center Nov 4, 2024 1630 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook". www.spc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
  11. ^ a b c Various National Weather Service offices (2024). "Damage Assessment Toolkit" (Interactive map and database). DAT. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
  12. ^ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Storm Events Database (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
  13. ^ a b c d e National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma (November 4, 2024). NWS Damage Survey for 11/3/24 Tornado Event - Update # 1 (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 4, 2024.
  14. ^ National Weather Service in Tulsa, Oklahoma (November 3, 2024). NWS Tulsa Damage Survey for 11/3/2024 Tornado Event (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 3, 2024.
  15. ^ a b c d e National Weather Service in Tulsa, Oklahoma (November 6, 2024). NWS Tulsa Damage Survey for 11/04/2024 Tornado Event - Update 1 (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  16. ^ a b National Weather Service in Shreveport, Louisiana (November 5, 2024). NWS Damage Survey For 11/4/2024 Tornado Event (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  17. ^ National Weather Service in Springfield, Missouri (November 5, 2024). NWS Damage Survey for 11/04/2024 Tornado Event - Update #1 (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
  18. ^ a b c National Weather Service in Springfield, Missouri (November 7, 2024). NWS Damage Survey for 11/04/2024 Tornado Event - Update #2 (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 10, 2024.
  19. ^ a b National Weather Service in St. Louis, Missouri (November 5, 2024). NWS Damage Survey for 11/04/2024 Tornado Event (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
  20. ^ National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana (November 5, 2024). NWS Damage Survey for 11/05/2024 Tornado Event (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
  21. ^ National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana (November 5, 2024). NWS Damage Survey for 11/05/24 Tornado Event (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 5, 2024.
  22. ^ "48hr Precipitation Reports". National Weather Service Springfield, Missouri. 5 November 2024.
  23. ^ https://www.stlpr.org/news-briefs/2024-11-05/record-breaking-rainfall-flash-flooding-st-louis-election-day
  24. ^ Salter, Jim (5 November 2024). "Flash flooding blamed for 5 deaths in Missouri, including 2 poll workers". Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  25. ^ "NWS Damage Survey For 11/4/2024 Tornado Event". National Weather Service Shreveport, Louisiana. 5 November 2024.
  26. ^ Stitt, Kevin (November 3, 2024). "Executive Department Executive Order 2024-27" (PDF). Retrieved November 4, 2024.
  27. ^ Office of Governor Mike Parson (5 November 2024). "Governor Parson Signs Executive Order 24-14 Activating State Emergency Operations Plan in Response to Flooding and Severe Weather" (Press release). Jefferson City, Missouri. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
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