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Typhoon Krathon

(Redirected from Draft:Tropical Storm Krathon)
For other storms of the same name, see List of storms named Julian.

Typhoon Krathon, known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Julian, is a powerful tropical cyclone that meandering along the coasts of Taiwan and the Philippines in late September and early October 2024. The eighteenth named storm and the second super typhoon of the annual typhoon season, Krathon developed into a tropical depression near Kadena Air Base, Japan, on September 26, and was classified as a tropical storm by the Japan Meteorological Agency on September 28 as it moved southwestward along the southeastern periphery. Though it slowed over the next six hours while positioned in a col region between two deep-layer subtropical high, Krathon reached minimal typhoon status on September 29 after developing a broad, ragged-eye. The typhoon continued moving north-northwestward between two mid-level subtropical high before gradually shifting west-northwestward and passing near Sabtang, Batanes.

Typhoon Krathon (Julian)
Krathon passing above the Luzon Strait on September 30
Meteorological history
FormedSeptember 26, 2024
Very strong typhoon
10-minute sustained (JMA)
Highest winds185 km/h (115 mph)
Lowest pressure925 hPa (mbar); 27.32 inHg
Category 4-equivalent super typhoon
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds240 km/h (150 mph)
Lowest pressure927 hPa (mbar); 27.37 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities2
Missing1
DamageUnknown
Areas affectedPhilippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands
Part of the 2024 Pacific typhoon season

Ahead of the storm, a Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal was raised for various areas in the Philippines. A red alert warning was put in place for the municipalities of Calayan and Santa Ana in Cagayan. Meanwhile, Taiwan's Central Weather Administration issued maritime warnings for the Bashi Channel. The storm left at least two people dead and another missing in the Philippines.

Meteorological history

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Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
  Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

The origins of Typhoon Krathon can be traced back to September 26, when the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported a tropical depression 250 km (155 mi) south-southwest of Kadena Air Base, Japan,[1] characterised by a partially exposed low-level circulation centre with persistent deep convection in the southern semicircle and formative banding to the north.[2][3] The United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a tropical cyclone formation alert on September 27, noting that convective banding was wrapping into the centre and that the environmental analysis indicated a favourable environment for development due to low vertical wind shear, good equatorward outflow aloft, and warm sea surface temperatures of 29–30 °C (84–86 °F).[4] On that same day, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) announced that the system had developed into a tropical depression named Julian, as it formed within the Philippine Area of Responsibility;[5] the depression was moving slowly south-southwestward due to weak steering flow.[6]

At 09:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded the tropical depression, designating the system as 20W, noting an obscured low-level circulation centre that was assumed to be in the centre of rotating bands of convection organising into vortical hot towers.[7] Satellite imagery indicated that the storm was steadily consolidating, with spiral bands of deep convection extending across three quadrants of the system and encircling the low-level circulation centre.[8] On September 28, the depression intensified into a tropical storm named Krathon by the JMA, fueled by low vertical wind shear, warm sea surface temperatures, and high ocean heat content, while moving southwestward along the southeastern periphery of a mid-level subtropical high;[9] however, Krathon slowed down over the last six hours and was located within a col region between two deep-layer subtropical high,[10] with satellite imagery indicating an improving appearance due to the development of a central dense overcast feature over the circulation centre.[11] At around 18:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded the system to a severe tropical storm, utilizing the Dvorak technique to assess its intensity based on satellite imagery.[12] Krathon displayed strong equatorward outflow alongside a weaker polar channel, while the observed cirrus cloud suggested that a more radial outflow was beginning to develop as the system intensified.[13] Early the next day, both the JMA and the JTWC upgraded it to a minimal typhoon after it had opened a broad, raggedly-defined eye,[14][15] which had since become cloud-filled, and the system was moving north-northwestward between two mid-level subtropical high.[16] On September 30, the eye of the typhoon, measuring 23 miles (37 km) in diameter, was visible on infrared satellite imagery,[17] surrounded by warm temperatures of 54–57 °F (12–14 °C),[18] as the storm gradually moved west-northwestward and passed near Sabtang, Batanes.[19] The typhoon displayed a distinct circular shape in the cloud tops across the eyewall region, with a contracting eye that was obscured in the center.[20] At 21:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded the system into a 'super typhoon'—its highest storm category—after Krathon attained 1-minute sustained winds of 240 km/h (150 mph).[21]

Preparations and impact

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Philippines

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Krathon off the northeastern coast of Luzon on September 29

Shortly after PAGASA upgraded the storm, Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal No. 1 was issued for Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela, Apayao, Abra, Kalinga, the eastern and central portions of Mountain Province, the eastern portion of Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, the northern portion of Ilocos Sur, the northern portion of Aurora,[22] northern and eastern Nueva Ecija, Pangasinan, La Union, Quirino, Benguet, and the Polillo Islands.[23] As Krathon intensified into a severe tropical storm, Signal No. 2 was raised for the northeastern portion of Cagayan and the eastern portion of the Babuyan Islands.[24] As the storm continued to intensify, PAGASA raised Signal No. 3 for the northeastern portion of the Babuyan Islands[25] On September 29, various local government units announced the suspension of classes on September 30 because of inclement weather caused by the storm,[26] while PAGASA raised Signal No. 4 in Batanes and in Babuyan and Calayan Islands.[23] The Commission on Elections ordered an extension of voters' registration for the 2025 Philippine general election, which was due to end on September 30, in areas affected by the storm.[27]

Around 1,110 people were evacuated across Cagayan Valley.[28] A red alert warning was declared in the municipalities of Calayan and Santa Ana in Cagayan.[29] The Ambuklao, Binga and Magat Dams opened their gate in anticipation of an increase in water levels due to the storm.[30] Krathon caused flooding in Batanes,[31] Ilocos Norte and Ilocos Sur, where one person drowned and another was reported missing due to strong sea currents.[32] One person died in Cagayan after being hit by a fallen electric cable knocked down by strong winds.[33] Two families were displaced due to landslides in Baguio,[34] while 26 families were displaced by floods in Abra.[35] Landslides also blocked roads in La Union, Abra and Apayao.[36] A light aircraft parked at Basco Airport was damaged by strong winds.[37]

Taiwan

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The Central Emergency Operation Center advised against traveling to coastal and mountainous areas, while several schools, beaches, national parks and ferry services were closed across the island. All 25 water retention basins in Kaohsiung were emptied in anticipation of the storm.[38][39] Warnings on shipping were raised by the Central Weather Administration in the Bashi Channel, followed by a land warning for Typhoon Krathon as the storm approached Taiwan.[40] Several domestic and international flights were cancelled.[41]

The outer rain bands of Krathon triggered mudslides that blocked parts of the Suhua Highway in Hualien County on September 30.[42]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans, 06Z 26 September 2024 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 26 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 26, 2024. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  2. ^ Warning and Summary 260600 (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 26, 2024. Archived from the original on September 26, 2024. Retrieved September 26, 2024.
  3. ^ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans, 18Z 26 September 2024 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 26 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 26, 2024. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  4. ^ Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (Invest 97W) (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 27 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 27, 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
  5. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #1 for Tropical Depression 'Julian'" (PDF). PAGASA. 27 September 2024. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
  6. ^ Prognostic Reasoning No. 3 for tropical depression (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 27, 2024. Archived from the original on September 27, 2024. Retrieved September 27, 2024.
  7. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 20W (Twenty) Warning No. 1 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 27 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 27, 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
  8. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 20W (Twenty) Warning No. 3 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 27 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 28, 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
  9. ^ Prognostic Reasoning No. 6 for TS Krathon (2418) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 28, 2024. Archived from the original on September 28, 2024. Retrieved September 15, 2024.
  10. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 20W (Twenty) Warning No. 4 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 28 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 28, 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
  11. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 20W (Krathon) Warning No. 6 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 28 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 28, 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
  12. ^ Prognostic Reasoning No. 9 for STS Krathon (2418) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 28, 2024. Archived from the original on September 28, 2024. Retrieved September 15, 2024.
  13. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 20W (Krathon) Warning No. 7 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 28 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 28, 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
  14. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 20W (Krathon) Warning No. 9 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 29 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 29, 2024. Retrieved 29 September 2024.
  15. ^ Tropical Cyclone Advisory for TY Pulasan (2418) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 17, 2024. Archived from the original on September 29, 2024. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  16. ^ Prognostic Reasoning No. 11 for TY Krathon (2418) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 29, 2024. Archived from the original on September 29, 2024. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  17. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #18 for Typhoon 'Julian' (Krathon)" (PDF). PAGASA. 27 September 2024. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
  18. ^ Prognostic Reasoning No. 14 for TY Krathon (2418) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 30, 2024. Archived from the original on September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  19. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 20W (Krathon) Warning No. 12 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 30 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 30, 2024. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
  20. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 20W (Krathon) Warning No. 13 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 30 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 30, 2024. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
  21. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 20W (Krathon) Warning No. 14 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 30 September 2024. Archived from the original on September 30, 2024. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
  22. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #8 for Tropical Storm 'Julian' (Krathon)" (PDF). PAGASA. 28 September 2024. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
  23. ^ a b "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #17 for Typhoon 'Julian' (Krathon)" (PDF). PAGASA. 30 September 2024. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
  24. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #9 for Severe Tropical Storm 'Julian' (Krathon)" (PDF). PAGASA. 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
  25. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #10 for Severe Tropical Storm 'Julian' (Krathon)" (PDF). PAGASA. 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
  26. ^ "#WalangPasok: Class suspensions on Monday, September 30". ABS-CBN. September 29, 2024. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  27. ^ "Comelec to allow voter registration extension in areas affected by Julian". GMA News. September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  28. ^ "Mahigit 300 na pamilya sa Cagayan Valley, inilikas dahil sa Bagyong Julian". Bombo Radyo Cauayan (in Filipino). September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  29. ^ "Dalawang bayan sa Cagayan, isinailalim sa red alert dahil kay bagyong Julian". Bombo Radyo Tuguegarao (in Filipino). September 29, 2024. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  30. ^ "3 Luzon dams release water as Julian brings rains". GMA News. September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  31. ^ "Pagbaha sa Uyugan, Batanes dala ni Bagyong Julian". ABS-CBN (in Filipino). September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  32. ^ "Typhoon Julian causes flooding in parts of northern Luzon". GMA News. September 29, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  33. ^ "Lalaki patay nang mabagsakan ng kable ng kuryente sa Cagayan". Bombo Radyo Tuguegarao (in Filipino). September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  34. ^ "Rains cause flood, landslides in Baguio City". GMA News. September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  35. ^ "Julian forces evacuations, road closures, work suspensions in Northern Luzon". Rappler. September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  36. ^ "Julian may become super typhoon; Signal 4 in Batanes". The Philippine Star. September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  37. ^ "5-seater plane damaged due to Julian". GMA News. September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  38. ^ "Schools, offices closed in 6 cities and counties across Taiwan Tuesday". Focus Taiwan. September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  39. ^ "Taiwan issues land warning for Typhoon Krathon - Focus Taiwan". Focus Taiwan - CNA English News. 2024-09-30. Retrieved 2024-09-30.
  40. ^ "Typhoon Krathon landfall in Taiwan more likely in latest forecast". Focus Taiwan. September 29, 2024. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  41. ^ "Flights canceled, rescheduled as Taiwan braces for Typhoon Krathon". Focus Taiwan. September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  42. ^ "Typhoon Krathon causes mudslides, disrupts traffic". Focus Taiwan. September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
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