Vladimir Nikolajevich Pokrovskii (Russian: Влад’имир Никол’аевич Покр’овский; born 11 May 1934) is a Russian scientist known for his original contributions to polymer physics and economic theory. He was the founder of the Altai (Russia, Barnaul) school of dynamics of nonlinear fluids (Yurii Altukhov, Grigorii Pyshnograi and others).[citation needed]
Vladimir N. Pokrovskii | |
|---|---|
| Born | 11 May 1934 |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Alma mater | Tomsk State University |
| Known for | polymer physics econodynamics |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physics, Dynamics of complex systems |
| Thesis | (1974) |
Biography
editPokrovskii was born May 11, 1934, into a Russian family in the rural locality Altayskoye, Altaysky District, Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайское, Алтайского края), Russia.[citation needed] He graduated from Tomsk State University in Siberia as a physicist (Department of Theoretical Physics) in 1958 and in the same year was employed as a teacher of physics at Tomsk Polytechnic University.[citation needed] In 1964 he moved to the Branch of Institute of Chemical Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (Chernogolovka, Moscow region) where in positions of Senior Research Fellow was engaged in studying of suspensions and polymers. He received the first Russian scientific degree (Candidate of Sciences, 1968) and the second Russian Degree (Doctor of Sciences, 1977) in Physics and Mathematics.[citation needed] Since 1980 Vladimir Nikolaevich has managed the Department of Applied Mathematics of the Altai Polytechnic Institute (now Altai State Technical University), (Barnaul, Russia), and in 1981 he was appointed Professor of Applied Mathematics.[citation needed] From 1987-1995 he was Professor and Head of the Department of Applied Mathematics at Moscow University of Economics, Statistics and Informatics (МЭСИ, the Russian abbreviation). He works on methods of modelling of economic processes and undertakes the studies in the field of the mathematical description of economic growth which has led to the understanding of the role of energy and, eventually, to the formulation of the generalized labour theory of value.[citation needed]
Since 1995 Vladimir Nikolaevich has been a visiting professor at Maltese University. He gives lectures on statistical physics and is engaged in research work. He now (2021) lives with his wife in Moscow, and writes about his life in 'Notes'[1]
Distinctions
editJubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" (1970) [citation needed]
Research
editDynamics of suspensions
editFor description of dynamic behaviour of polymer solutions and molecular liquids, suspensions of rigid or semi-rigid particles were used as simple heuristic models that allowed to connect the properties of moving systems with structural characteristics. The constitutive equations of the flowing dilute suspension of rigid ellipsoids was apparently the first example of microrheological constitutive equations of complex fluid.[2][3] The usage of rigid ellipsoids model was also helpful in explaining of optical anisotropy and relaxation phenomena of the molecular systems.[4] The suspension of rigid particles in an anisotropic fluid provides a qualitative description of behaviour of liquid crystals[5] [6]
Polymer dynamics
editThe properties of polymers, according to earlier hypothesis by Sam Edwards and Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, could be explained by a special movement of long macromolecule among other macromolecules like a snake (via reptation). V.N. Pokrovskii and his colaborators developed the theory of stochastic thermal motion of long macromolecules among similar macromolecules (in the entangled system) and confirmed the existence of reptation in the region of molecular mass above 10 times the length between 'entanglements'[7][8] and identifies the internal relaxation processes in polymers from the molecular point of view.[9] The theory has determined the reliable foundation for the theory of viscoelasticity, diffusion and a number of other features of polymeric materials.[10] The Pokrovskii's monograph is included into the Sunfoundry list of the best books on dynamics of polymers.[11] The theory is concerned with linear macromolecules, and one needs in the extension of the theory to macromolecules of different structures (in a form of a comb, a star, and others).
Economic dynamics is an empirical science that studies emergences, motion and disappearance of value—a specific concept that is used for description of the processes of creation and distribution of wealth. The theory is formulated as empirical science on the creation, motion and disappearance of value,[12][13] which can also be considered as technological theory of social production. Any economic theory deals with the interpretation of economic processes based on the law of production of value, and various scientific approaches differ in the choice of factors of production that determine, in the end, the creation of wealth. Marxists insist that only labor creates value, neoclassicists believe that, in addition to labor, capital must also be taken into account as the important source of value. Econodynamics demonstrates, and this is an achievement of V.N. Pokrovskii, that the observed substitution of labour by capital is, in fact, the substitution of labour by work of external energy sourses, and the statement about the productive power of capital is a hoax that hides the real role of labor and energy in the production of value. Human effort and the work of external energy sources appears to be the true sources of value; productivity of capital is eventually productivity of working people and substitutive work. It has led to the understanding of the role of energy and, eventually, to the generalization of the labour theory of value. Econodynamics offers a more adequate interpretation of economic growth and other phenomena. Econodynamics is based on the achievements of classical political economy and neo-classical economics and has been using the methods of phenomenological science to investigate evolution of economic system. Econodynamics has been proposing methods of analysis and forecasting of economic processes. The comprehensive review of the problems of econodynamics is available.[14]
Dynamics of complex thermodynamic systems
editTo consider the complex systems with some internal structure, such as polymers, living organisms, social organisations and so on, V.N. Pokrovskii reformulated the principles of nonequilibrium thermodynamics, using the concept of internal variables that describe deviations of thermodynamic systems from the equilibrium state.[15][16][17] Considering the first law of thermodynamics, work of internal variables is introduced and internal thermal energy of non-equilibrium systems is taken into account. It is shown that the requirement that the thermodynamic system cannot fulfil any work via internal variables is equivalent to the conventional formulation of the second law of thermodynamics. These statements, in line with the axioms introducing internal variables can be considered as basic principles of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. It is shown that known linear parities between thermodynamic forces and fluxes and also the entropy production, as a sum of products of thermodynamic forces and fluxes, are consequences (valid only in linear area and for steady-state situations) of fundamental principles of thermodynamics. Among the numerous applications of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, it appears to be a description of living organism as an open thermodynamic system, which allows formulating the thermodynamic equation of growth[18]
References
edit- ^ Pokrovskii, Vladimir. "Autobiographical notes in three parts (The Seasons, My Universities, The Returning)" (in Russian). Retrieved 15 March 2018.
- ^ Pokrovskii, Vladimir (1972). "Stresses, Viscosity, and Optical Anisotropy of a Moving Suspension of Rigid Ellipsoids". Soviet Physics Uspekhi. 14 (6): 737–746. doi:10.1070/PU1972v014n06ABEH004768.
- ^ Pokrovskii, V.N. (1978). Statistical mechanics of the dilute suspensions (PDF) (in Russian). Nauka, Moscow.
- ^ Pokrovskii, V.N. (1976). "Contribution to the theory of relaxation processes in molecular liquids and liquid crystals" (PDF). Soviet Physics JETP. 44 (5): 987–993. Bibcode:1976JETP...44..987P.
- ^ Tskhai, Aleksandr; Pokrovskii, Vladimir (1985). "Rotational mobility of a nonspherical particle in an anisotropic liquid". Colloid Journal of the USSR (English Translation of Kolloidnyi Zhurnal). 47 (1): 83–88.
- ^ Pokrovskii, Vladimir; Tskhai, Aleksandr (1986). "Slow motion of a particle in a weakly anisotropic viscous fluid". Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics. 50 (3): 391–394. Bibcode:1986JApMM..50..391P. doi:10.1016/0021-8928(86)90138-3.
- ^ Pokrovskii, V. N. (2006). "A justification of the reptation-tube dynamics of a linear macromolecule in the mesoscopic approach" (PDF). Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications. 366: 88–106. Bibcode:2006PhyA..366...88P. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2005.10.028.
- ^ Pokrovskii, V. N. (2008). "Reptation and diffusive modes of motion of linear macromolecules" (PDF). Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics. 106 (3): 604–607. Bibcode:2008JETP..106..604P. doi:10.1134/S1063776108030205. S2CID 121054836.
- ^ Y.A. Altukhov, V.N. Pokrovskii, G.V Pyshnograi (2004). "On the difference between weakly and strongly entangled linear polymers" (PDF). J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 121 (2–3): 73–86. doi:10.1016/j.jnnfm.2004.05.001.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Pokrovskii, Vladimir (2010). The Mesoscopic Theory of Polymer Dynamics, the second edition. Springer Series in Chemical Physics. Vol. 95. Springer, Dordrecht-Heidelberg-London-New York. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2231-8. ISBN 978-90-481-2230-1.
- ^ "Best Reference Books – Polymer Dynamics". 5 July 2017. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
- ^ Pokrovskii, Vladimir (1999). Physical Principles in the Theory of Economic Growth. Ashgate Publishing, Aldershot, UK.
- ^ Pokrovskii, Vladimir (2018). Econodynamics. The Theory of Social Production. Springer, Dordrecht-Heidelberg-London-New York.
- ^ Pokrovskii, Vladimir (2018). Econodynamics. The Theory of Social Production. Springer, Dordrecht-Heidelberg-London-New York.
- ^ Pokrovskii, V.N. (1970). "Equations of motion of viscoelastic systems as derived from the conservation laws and the phenomenological theory of non-equilibrium processes" (PDF). Polymer Mechanics. 6 (5): 693–702. Bibcode:1970PoMec...6..693P. doi:10.1007/BF00856197. S2CID 119766602.
- ^ Pokrovskii, Vladimir (2013). "A derivation of the main relations of non-equilibrium thermodynamics". ISRN Thermodynamics. 2013 (ID 906136): 9. doi:10.1155/2013/906136.
- ^ Pokrovskii, Vladimir (2020). Thermodynamics of Complex Systems: Principles and applications. IOP Publishing, Bristol, UK.
- ^ Zotin, Alexei; Pokrovskii, Vladimir (2018). "The growth and development of living organisms from the thermodynamic point of view". Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications. 512: 359–366. arXiv:1808.00108. Bibcode:2018PhyA..512..359Z. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2018.08.094. S2CID 53605597.