HuD (protein)

HuD otherwise known as ELAV-like protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ELAVL4 gene.

ELAVL4
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1FXL, 1G2E
Identifiers
Aliases	ELAVL4, HUD, PNEM, HuD, ELAV like neuron-specific RNA binding protein 4, ELAV like RNA binding protein 4
External IDs	OMIM: 168360; MGI: 107427; HomoloGene: 40729; GeneCards: ELAVL4; OMA:ELAVL4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) Band 1p33-p32.3 Start 50,024,029 bp End 50,203,772 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse) Band 4 C7|4 51.42 cM Start 110,203,722 bp End 110,351,909 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in endothelial cell ganglionic eminence Brodmann area 23 middle temporal gyrus pons Brodmann area 46 parietal lobe postcentral gyrus superior frontal gyrus sperm Top expressed in habenula ventral tegmental area medial vestibular nucleus superior cervical ganglion trigeminal ganglion ganglionic eminence neural tube pontine nuclei medial ganglionic eminence Rostral migratory stream More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 1996 15572 Ensembl ENSG00000162374 ENSMUSG00000028546 UniProt P26378 Q61701 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001144774 NM_001144775 NM_001144776 NM_001144777 NM_001294348 NM_021952 NM_001324208 NM_001324209 NM_001324212 NM_001324213 NM_001324214 NM_001324215 NM_001324216 NM_001324217 NM_001038698 NM_001163397 NM_001163399 NM_010488 NM_001347178 NM_001357190 RefSeq (protein) NP_001138246 NP_001138247 NP_001138248 NP_001138249 NP_001281277 NP_001311137 NP_001311138 NP_001311141 NP_001311142 NP_001311143 NP_001311144 NP_001311145 NP_001311146 NP_068771 NP_001033787 NP_001156869 NP_001156871 NP_001334107 NP_034618 NP_001344119 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 50.02 – 50.2 Mb Chr 4: 110.2 – 110.35 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

The HuD/ELAVL4 protein is an RNA-binding protein. HuD contains three RRM protein domains, enabling RNA binding.

HuD is expressed only in neurons and it binds to AU-rich element-containing mRNAs. As a result of this interaction the half-life of the transcript is increased. HuD is important in neurons during brain development and plasticity.

Interactions

HuD (protein) has been shown to interact with NXF1.

Further reading

• Dalmau J, Furneaux HM, Cordon-Cardo C, Posner JB (1992). "The expression of the Hu (paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis/sensory neuronopathy) antigen in human normal and tumor tissues". Am. J. Pathol. 141 (4): 881–6. PMC 1886624. PMID 1415481.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
• Szabo A, Dalmau J, Manley G, et al. (1991). "HuD, a paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen, contains RNA-binding domains and is homologous to Elav and Sex-lethal". Cell. 67 (2): 325–33. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90184-Z. PMID 1655278. S2CID 26037558.
• Graus F, Ferrer I (1990). "Analysis of a neuronal antigen (Hu) expression in the developing rat brain detected by autoantibodies from patients with paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis". Neurosci. Lett. 112 (1): 14–8. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(90)90314-Y. PMID 2166930. S2CID 24113954.
• Sekido Y, Bader SA, Carbone DP, et al. (1994). "Molecular analysis of the HuD gene encoding a paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen in human lung cancer cell lines". Cancer Res. 54 (18): 4988–92. PMID 8069866.
• Torà M, Graus F, de Bolòs C, Real FX (1997). "Cell surface expression of paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis/sensory neuronopathy-associated Hu antigens in small-cell lung cancers and neuroblastomas". Neurology. 48 (3): 735–41. doi:10.1212/wnl.48.3.735. PMID 9065557. S2CID 23410604.
• Lazarova DL, Spengler BA, Biedler JL, Ross RA (1999). "HuD, a neuronal-specific RNA-binding protein, is a putative regulator of N-myc pre-mRNA processing/stability in malignant human neuroblasts". Oncogene. 18 (17): 2703–10. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202621. PMID 10348344. S2CID 55875.
• Park S, Myszka DG, Yu M, et al. (2000). "HuD RNA recognition motifs play distinct roles in the formation of a stable complex with AU-rich RNA". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (13): 4765–72. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.13.4765-4772.2000. PMC 85909. PMID 10848602.
• Wang X, Tanaka Hall TM (2001). "Structural basis for recognition of AU-rich element RNA by the HuD protein". Nat. Struct. Biol. 8 (2): 141–5. doi:10.1038/84131. PMID 11175903. S2CID 12462183.
• Beckel-Mitchener AC, Miera A, Keller R, Perrone-Bizzozero NI (2002). "Poly(A) tail length-dependent stabilization of GAP-43 mRNA by the RNA-binding protein HuD". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (31): 27996–8002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201982200. PMID 12034726.
• Behrends U, Jandl T, Golbeck A, et al. (2002). "Novel products of the HUD, HUC, NNP-1 and alpha-internexin genes identified by autologous antibody screening of a pediatric neuroblastoma library". Int. J. Cancer. 100 (6): 669–77. doi:10.1002/ijc.10550. PMID 12209604. S2CID 35369661.
• Aronov S, Aranda G, Behar L, Ginzburg I (2003). "Visualization of translated tau protein in the axons of neuronal P19 cells and characterization of tau RNP granules". J. Cell Sci. 115 (Pt 19): 3817–27. doi:10.1242/jcs.00058. PMID 12235292. S2CID 16710393.
• Angenstein F, Evans AM, Settlage RE, et al. (2002). "A receptor for activated C kinase is part of messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes associated with polyA-mRNAs in neurons". J. Neurosci. 22 (20): 8827–37. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-20-08827.2002. PMC 6757688. PMID 12388589.
• Deschenes-Furry J, Belanger G, Perrone-Bizzozero N, Jasmin BJ (2003). "Post-transcriptional regulation of acetylcholinesterase mRNAs in nerve growth factor-treated PC12 cells by the RNA-binding protein HuD". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (8): 5710–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M209383200. PMID 12468554.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Plonquet A, Garcia-Pons F, Fernandez E, et al. (2004). "Peptides derived from the onconeural HuD protein can elicit cytotoxic responses in HHD mouse and human". J. Neuroimmunol. 142 (1–2): 93–100. doi:10.1016/S0165-5728(03)00269-8. PMID 14512168. S2CID 12038485.
• Saito K, Fujiwara T, Katahira J, et al. (2004). "TAP/NXF1, the primary mRNA export receptor, specifically interacts with a neuronal RNA-binding protein HuD". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 321 (2): 291–7. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.06.140. PMID 15358174.
• Rousseau A, Benyahia B, Dalmau J, et al. (2005). "T cell response to Hu-D peptides in patients with anti-Hu syndrome". J. Neurooncol. 71 (3): 231–6. doi:10.1007/s11060-004-1723-1. PMC 2586925. PMID 15735910.
• Noureddine MA, Qin XJ, Oliveira SA, et al. (2005). "Association between the neuron-specific RNA-binding protein ELAVL4 and Parkinson disease". Hum. Genet. 117 (1): 27–33. doi:10.1007/s00439-005-1259-2. PMID 15827745. S2CID 22359866.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.