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Dauphin County, Pennsylvania

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Dauphin County (/ˈdɔːfɪn/; Pennsylvania Dutch: Daffin Kaundi) is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 286,401.[2] The county seat is Harrisburg,[3] Pennsylvania's state capital and ninth-most populous city. The county was created on March 4, 1785, from part of Lancaster County and was named after Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France,[4] the first son of King Louis XVI. The county is part of the South Central Pennsylvania region of the state.[a]

Dauphin County
County
Dauphin County Courthouse in Harrisburg
Dauphin County Courthouse in Harrisburg
Flag of Dauphin County
Flag
Official seal of Dauphin County
Seal
Map of Pennsylvania highlighting Dauphin County
Location within the U.S. state of Pennsylvania
Map of the United States highlighting Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 40°25′N 76°47′W / 40.41°N 76.79°W / 40.41; -76.79
Country United States
State Pennsylvania
FoundedMarch 4, 1785
Named forLouis Joseph, Dauphin of France
SeatHarrisburg
Largest townshipLower Paxton Township
Area
 • Total
558 sq mi (1,450 km2)
 • Land525 sq mi (1,360 km2)
 • Water33 sq mi (90 km2)  5.9%
Population
 • Estimate 
(2023)
289,234
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district10th
Websitewww.dauphincounty.gov
DesignatedDecember 9, 1982[1]

Dauphin County is included in the Harrisburg–Carlisle Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Located within the county is Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station, site of the 1979 nuclear core meltdown. The nuclear power plant closed in 2019.

Geography

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According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 558 square miles (1,450 km2), of which 525 square miles (1,360 km2) is land and 33 square miles (85 km2) (5.9%) is water.[5] The county is bound to its western border by the Susquehanna River (with the exception of a small peninsula next to Duncannon). The area code is 717 with an overlay of 223.

Adjacent counties

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Major roads and highways

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Climate

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Most of the county by area has a humid continental climate (Dfa except for some Dfb in highlands.) The inclusion of temperature numbers for the past decade shows some lower-lying areas, including Harrisburg, to have a humid subtropical climate (Cfa.) The hardiness zone is 7a except in some higher northern areas where it is 6b and a few very small areas along the river below the city including the airport where it is 7b. [1]

Climate data for Harrisburg, Pennsylvania (Harrisburg Int'l), 1991–2020 normals,[b] extremes 1888–present[c]
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 73
(23) 		79
(26) 		87
(31) 		93
(34) 		97
(36) 		100
(38) 		107
(42) 		104
(40) 		102
(39) 		97
(36) 		84
(29) 		75
(24) 		107
(42)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 59.3
(15.2) 		61.4
(16.3) 		72.7
(22.6) 		83.5
(28.6) 		89.5
(31.9) 		93.3
(34.1) 		96.2
(35.7) 		93.8
(34.3) 		89.7
(32.1) 		81.1
(27.3) 		70.8
(21.6) 		62.3
(16.8) 		97.0
(36.1)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 38.6
(3.7) 		42.0
(5.6) 		51.3
(10.7) 		63.8
(17.7) 		73.7
(23.2) 		82.4
(28.0) 		86.8
(30.4) 		84.7
(29.3) 		77.6
(25.3) 		65.7
(18.7) 		53.9
(12.2) 		43.3
(6.3) 		63.6
(17.6)
Daily mean °F (°C) 30.8
(−0.7) 		33.4
(0.8) 		41.8
(5.4) 		53.2
(11.8) 		63.4
(17.4) 		72.5
(22.5) 		77.3
(25.2) 		75.2
(24.0) 		67.9
(19.9) 		55.8
(13.2) 		44.8
(7.1) 		35.8
(2.1) 		54.3
(12.4)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 23.0
(−5.0) 		24.7
(−4.1) 		32.3
(0.2) 		42.5
(5.8) 		53.1
(11.7) 		62.7
(17.1) 		67.8
(19.9) 		65.8
(18.8) 		58.2
(14.6) 		46.0
(7.8) 		35.8
(2.1) 		28.2
(−2.1) 		45.0
(7.2)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 7.4
(−13.7) 		10.1
(−12.2) 		17.9
(−7.8) 		29.2
(−1.6) 		39.6
(4.2) 		50.8
(10.4) 		58.3
(14.6) 		55.8
(13.2) 		45.2
(7.3) 		33.0
(0.6) 		22.9
(−5.1) 		14.6
(−9.7) 		5.0
(−15.0)
Record low °F (°C) −22
(−30) 		−13
(−25) 		−1
(−18) 		11
(−12) 		30
(−1) 		40
(4) 		49
(9) 		45
(7) 		30
(−1) 		23
(−5) 		10
(−12) 		−8
(−22) 		−22
(−30)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.03
(77) 		2.59
(66) 		3.70
(94) 		3.55
(90) 		3.83
(97) 		3.98
(101) 		4.74
(120) 		3.77
(96) 		4.83
(123) 		3.81
(97) 		2.97
(75) 		3.43
(87) 		44.23
(1,123)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 9.1
(23) 		9.4
(24) 		5.6
(14) 		0.4
(1.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.2
(0.51) 		0.8
(2.0) 		4.4
(11) 		29.9
(76)
Average extreme snow depth inches (cm) 5.3
(13) 		5.1
(13) 		4.0
(10) 		0.2
(0.51) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.1
(0.25) 		0.3
(0.76) 		2.4
(6.1) 		9.8
(25)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.9 10.4 11.0 11.4 13.0 11.5 10.9 10.0 9.2 9.2 8.5 10.3 126.3
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 5.1 4.8 2.7 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 2.7 16.3
Average ultraviolet index 2 3 4 6 8 9 9 8 6 4 2 2 5
Source 1: NOAA[7][8]
Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV data)[9]
Climate data for Harrisburg, Pennsylvania (Harrisburg Capital City Airport) 1991-2020 normals (Records 1939-2021)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 73
(23) 		83
(28) 		86
(30) 		93
(34) 		97
(36) 		100
(38) 		107
(42) 		101
(38) 		102
(39) 		97
(36) 		84
(29) 		75
(24) 		107
(42)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 40.3
(4.6) 		43.2
(6.2) 		52.6
(11.4) 		64.9
(18.3) 		74.7
(23.7) 		83.2
(28.4) 		87.6
(30.9) 		85.4
(29.7) 		78.6
(25.9) 		66.7
(19.3) 		55.1
(12.8) 		44.4
(6.9) 		64.7
(18.2)
Daily mean °F (°C) 32.6
(0.3) 		34.7
(1.5) 		43.2
(6.2) 		54.1
(12.3) 		64.0
(17.8) 		73.0
(22.8) 		77.5
(25.3) 		75.4
(24.1) 		68.5
(20.3) 		56.7
(13.7) 		46.0
(7.8) 		37.0
(2.8) 		55.2
(12.9)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 24.9
(−3.9) 		26.2
(−3.2) 		33.9
(1.1) 		43.3
(6.3) 		53.2
(11.8) 		62.8
(17.1) 		67.4
(19.7) 		65.5
(18.6) 		58.4
(14.7) 		46.7
(8.2) 		37.0
(2.8) 		29.5
(−1.4) 		45.7
(7.6)
Record low °F (°C) −9
(−23) 		−5
(−21) 		2
(−17) 		19
(−7) 		31
(−1) 		40
(4) 		49
(9) 		45
(7) 		30
(−1) 		23
(−5) 		13
(−11) 		−8
(−22) 		−9
(−23)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.64
(67) 		2.36
(60) 		3.35
(85) 		3.70
(94) 		3.48
(88) 		3.72
(94) 		4.30
(109) 		3.68
(93) 		4.12
(105) 		3.68
(93) 		2.80
(71) 		3.15
(80) 		40.98
(1,041)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 9 9 10 12 14 12 12 11 10 11 9 10 127
Source: NOAA[10]

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
179018,155—
180022,27022.7%
181031,88343.2%
182021,653−32.1%
183025,24316.6%
184030,11819.3%
185035,75418.7%
186046,75630.8%
187060,74029.9%
188076,14825.4%
189096,97727.4%
1900114,44318.0%
1910136,15219.0%
1920153,11612.5%
1930165,2317.9%
1940177,4107.4%
1950197,78411.5%
1960220,25511.4%
1970223,8341.6%
1980232,3173.8%
1990237,8132.4%
2000251,8055.9%
2010268,1006.5%
2020286,4016.8%
2023 (est.)289,2341.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1790-1960[12] 1900-1990[13]
1990-2000[14] 2010,<[15] 2020[2]

As of the 2010 census, the county was 72.7% White, 18.0% Black or African American, 0.2% Native American, 3.2% Asian, and 3.1% were two or more races. 7.0% of the population were of Hispanic or Latino ancestry.

As of the census[16] of 2000, there were 251,798 people, 102,670 households, and 66,119 families residing in the county. The population density was 479 inhabitants per square mile (185/km2). There were 111,133 housing units at an average density of 212 units per square mile (82/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 77.11% White, 16.91% Black or African American, 0.16% Native American, 1.96% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.97% from other races, and 1.85% from two or more races. 4.13% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 29.2% were of German, 7.5% Irish, 7.3% American and 7.2% Italian ancestry. 91.8% spoke English and 3.9% Spanish as their first language.

According to 2005 estimates, 73.9% of the county's population was non-Hispanic whites. 17.8% of the population was African-Americans. 2.5% were Asians. Latinos now were 5.0% of the population.[17]

In 2000 there were 102,670 households, out of which 29.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.60% were married couples living together, 12.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.60% were non-families. 30.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.30% under the age of 18, 7.60% from 18 to 24, 30.10% from 25 to 44, 23.80% from 45 to 64, and 14.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.80 males.

A study by Echelon Insights found Dauphin County to be the most typical county in America, with its 2016 presidential vote, median income, higher education rate, and religiosity all very close to the national averages.[18]

2020 census

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Dauphin County Racial Composition[19]
Race Num. Perc.
White (NH) 175,175 61.16%
Black or African American (NH) 48,404 17%
Native American (NH) 396 0.14%
Asian (NH) 17,183 6%
Pacific Islander (NH) 88 0.03%
Other/Mixed (NH) 13,904 4.85%
Hispanic or Latino 31,251 11%

Amish community

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Dauphin County is home to an Amish community that resides in the Lykens Valley in the northern part of the county, consisting of eight church districts. The community was settled by Amish from Lancaster County seeking cheaper land.[20]

Metropolitan Statistical Area

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The United States Office of Management and Budget[21] has designated Dauphin County as the Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). As of the 2010 U.S. Census[22] the metropolitan area ranked 5th most populous in the State of Pennsylvania and the 96th most populous in the United States with a population of 549,475. Dauphin County is also a part of the larger Harrisburg–York–Lebanon combined statistical area (CSA), which combines the populations of Dauphin County as well as Adams, Cumberland, Lebanon, Perry and York Counties in Pennsylvania. The combined statistical area ranked the 5th most populous in Pennsylvania and 43rd most populous in the nation with a population of 1,219,422.

Politics and government

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United States presidential election results for Dauphin County, Pennsylvania[23]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2024 69,474 46.29% 78,327 52.19% 2,280 1.52%
2020 66,408 44.90% 78,983 53.40% 2,510 1.70%
2016 60,863 46.18% 64,706 49.10% 6,214 4.72%
2012 57,450 46.22% 64,965 52.26% 1,886 1.52%
2008 58,238 44.85% 69,975 53.89% 1,632 1.26%
2004 65,296 53.87% 55,299 45.62% 613 0.51%
2000 53,631 53.28% 44,390 44.10% 2,637 2.62%
1996 44,417 47.78% 40,936 44.03% 7,618 8.19%
1992 45,479 45.98% 36,990 37.40% 16,441 16.62%
1988 48,917 57.77% 35,079 41.43% 681 0.80%
1984 54,330 61.28% 33,576 37.87% 752 0.85%
1980 44,039 56.18% 27,252 34.77% 7,096 9.05%
1976 46,819 56.33% 34,342 41.32% 1,961 2.36%
1972 54,307 69.38% 22,587 28.86% 1,376 1.76%
1968 48,394 59.17% 25,480 31.15% 7,914 9.68%
1964 42,718 47.77% 46,119 51.57% 594 0.66%
1960 61,726 64.22% 33,962 35.33% 427 0.44%
1956 61,342 67.45% 29,226 32.14% 375 0.41%
1952 58,385 65.12% 30,985 34.56% 286 0.32%
1948 46,861 62.16% 27,729 36.78% 796 1.06%
1944 44,725 59.05% 30,684 40.51% 333 0.44%
1940 42,394 52.35% 38,305 47.30% 282 0.35%
1936 39,598 47.42% 43,256 51.80% 644 0.77%
1932 36,278 60.31% 22,412 37.26% 1,462 2.43%
1928 49,108 83.78% 9,115 15.55% 394 0.67%
1924 27,838 68.04% 9,004 22.01% 4,074 9.96%
1920 26,094 65.36% 11,990 30.03% 1,839 4.61%
1916 13,954 52.16% 11,483 42.92% 1,315 4.92%
1912 6,012 23.29% 7,470 28.93% 12,337 47.78%
1908 15,637 63.38% 7,546 30.59% 1,488 6.03%
1904 16,508 72.61% 5,040 22.17% 1,186 5.22%
1900 14,673 64.23% 7,390 32.35% 783 3.43%
1896 14,752 66.84% 6,584 29.83% 733 3.32%
1892 11,010 57.47% 7,520 39.25% 627 3.27%
1888 10,852 57.66% 7,684 40.82% 286 1.52%
1884 9,394 58.46% 6,378 39.69% 298 1.85%
1880 8,573 55.21% 6,619 42.62% 337 2.17%

Dauphin County was historically a Republican stronghold, like most of south-central Pennsylvania. It was long one of the more conservative urban counties in the nation, having only supported a Democrat for president twice from 1880 to 2004. The only breaks in this trend were in 1936 and 1964, which were national 400-electoral vote Democratic landslides.

However, there has been a decided shift toward the Democrats in national and statewide elections in recent years. This culminated when the Democrats overtook the Republicans in countywide registration during the summer of 2008.

Bob Casey Jr. carried the county in the 2006 Senate election when he unseated Rick Santorum. According to the Dauphin County Board of Elections, in 2008 Barack Obama became the first Democratic presidential candidate to carry Dauphin County since 1964, receiving 9.0% more of the vote than John McCain.[24] It was also only the third time Dauphin County had supported a Democrat for president since 1936. Obama won Dauphin with a slightly reduced majority in 2012, while Hillary Clinton won it with a narrow plurality in 2016. It is now the only blue county in the traditionally powerfully Republican Susquehanna Valley.

In 2023, with the election of newcomer Justin Douglas to join George Hartwick, III, the Democrats took a majority on the Board of County Commissioners for the first time in nearly 100 years. That same year, Democrat Bridget Whitley was elected Clerk of Courts as the first Democratic row officer, while the remaining row offices remained Republican. Three of the state house seats are held by Democrats. Republicans control two state house seats as well as one of the two state senate seats and the congressional seat. Most local elected officials are also Republican, by a margin of 3 to 1. This is because most of the Democratic gains have been in already heavily Democratic Harrisburg, which has had a Democratic mayor since 1982 and has been represented in the state house by a Democrat since 1975. In contrast, the suburbs and rural areas are among the most Republican areas of Pennsylvania.

Voter registration

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As of July 29, 2024, 44.0% of registered voters in the county were Democrats, 38.6% Republicans, 13.3% non-affiliated, and 4.1% other party.[25]

Chart of Voter Registration

  Democratic (43.98%)
  Republican (38.61%)
  Independent (13.33%)
  Other Parties (4.07%)

Party registration stats according to the Secretary of State's office:

Voter Registration and Party Enrollment
Party Number of Voters Percentage
Democratic 86,237 43.98%
Republican 75,704 38.61%
Independent 26,129 13.33%
Third parties 7,986 4.07%
Total 196,056 100%

County commissioners

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  • George P. Hartwick III, Chairman, Democrat
  • Justin Douglas, Vice Chairman, Democrat
  • Mike Pries, Secretary, Republican

Other county offices

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  • Clerk of Courts, Bridget Whitley, Democrat
  • Controller, Mary Bateman, Republican
  • Coroner, Graham Hetrick, Republican
  • District Attorney, Fran Chardo, Republican
  • Prothonotary, Matt Krupp, Republican
  • Recorder of Deeds, Jim Zugay, Republican
  • Register of Wills and Clerk of the Orphans' Court, Jean Marfizo King, Republican
  • Sheriff, Nick Chimienti, Republican
  • Treasurer, Nick DiFrancesco, Republican
  • Solicitor, Fred Lighty, Esquire

State representatives

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[26]

State senate

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[26]

United States House of Representatives

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[27]

United States Senate

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Senator Party
Bob Casey Democrat
John Fetterman Democrat

[27]

Education

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Map of Dauphin County, Pennsylvania School Districts

Colleges and universities

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Public school districts

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School districts include:[28]

Public charter schools

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Several public charter schools are established in Dauphin County [29]

Intermediate unit

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The Capital Area Intermediate Unit 15 is a state approved education agency that offers: school districts, charter schools, private schools, and home school students, a variety of services including: a completely developed K–12 curriculum that is mapped and aligned with the Pennsylvania Academic Standards (available online), shared services, a group purchasing program and a wide variety of special education and special needs services.

Library system

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The Dauphin County Library System provides library service to the residents of the county through a main central library in the state capital and county seat of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and eight branch libraries. DCLS is a private, non-profit corporation. It is governed by a 17-member Board of Trustees, five appointed annually by the Dauphin County Commissioners, and twelve elected for three-year terms. The Library is a member of the Pennsylvania library system.

Private schools

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As reported by the National Center for Educational Statistics[30]

  • Armstrong Valley Christian School – Halifax
  • Berrysburg Christian Academy – Elizabethvile
  • Bishop McDevitt High School – Harrisburg
  • Cathedral Consolidated School – Harrisburg
  • Covenant Christian Academy – Harrisburg
  • East Shore Montessori School – Harrisburg
  • Emmanuel Wesleyan Academy – Gratz
  • Garden Spot Amish School – Millersburg
  • Garden Spot School – Millersburg
  • Goddard School – Harrisburg
  • Hansel and Gretel Early Learning Centers – Harrisburg
  • Harrisburg Adventist School – Harrisburg
  • Harrisburg Christian School – Harrisburg
  • Hillside Amish School – Harrisville
  • Hillside Seventh Day Adventist School – Harrisburg
  • Keystone Math and Science Academy – Harrisburg
  • Kinder-Care Learning Center – Harrisburg
  • KinderCare Learning Center – Hershey
  • Londonderry School – Harrisburg
  • Mahantango School – Lykens
  • Matterstown School – Millersburg
  • Middletown Christian School – Middletown
  • Milton Hershey School – Hershey
  • North Mountain View Amish – Millersburg
  • Northern Dauphin Christian School – Millersburg
  • Pride of the Neighborhood Academies – Harrisburg
  • Rakers Mill School – Elizabethville
  • Rolling Acres School – Lykens
  • Seven Sorrows of BMV School – Middletown
  • Sonshine Learning Station – Middletown
  • South Mountain View School – Spring Glen
  • Specktown School – Lykens
  • St. Catherine Laboure School – Harrisburg
  • St Joan of Arc Elementary School – Hershey
  • St. Margaret Mary School – Harrisburg
  • St. Stephen's Episcopal School – Harrisburg
  • Tender Years Inc. – Hershey
  • The Nativity School of Harrisburg – Harrisburg
  • Windy Knoll School – Spring Glen
  • Wordsworth Academy – Harrisbrug
  • Yeshiva Academy – Harrisburg

Economy

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The largest employers in Dauphin County in 2019 were:[31]

  • Commonwealth Government
  • Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
  • The Hershey Company
  • Hershey Entertainment & Resorts Co.
  • UPMC Pinnacle Hospitals
  • Federal Government
  • Pennsylvania State University
  • PHEAA – Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance Agency
  • United Parcel Service Inc
  • TYCO Electronics Corp.

Recreation

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There are two Pennsylvania state parks in Dauphin County.

Communities

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Map of Dauphin County, Pennsylvania with municipal labels showing cities and boroughs (red), townships (white), and census-designated places (blue).

Under Pennsylvania law, there are four types of incorporated municipalities: cities, boroughs, townships, and, in at most two cases, towns. The following cities, boroughs and townships are located in Dauphin County:

City

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Boroughs

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Townships

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Census-designated places

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Census-designated places are geographical areas designated by the U.S. Census Bureau for the purposes of compiling demographic data. They are not actual jurisdictions under Pennsylvania law. Other unincorporated communities, such as villages, may be listed here as well.

Unincorporated communities

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Population ranking

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The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Dauphin County.[22]

† county seat

Rank City/Town/etc. Municipal type Population (2010 Census)
1 † Harrisburg (State Capital) City 49,528
2 Hershey CDP 14,257
3 Colonial Park CDP 13,229
4 Progress CDP 9,765
5 Middletown Borough 8,901
6 Linglestown CDP 6,334
7 Steelton Borough 5,990
8 Paxtonia CDP 5,412
9 Hummelstown Borough 4,538
10 Rutherford CDP 4,303
11 Skyline View CDP 4,003
12 Lawnton CDP 3,813
13 Penbrook Borough 3,008
14 Millersburg Borough 2,557
15 Highspire Borough 2,399
16 Lykens Borough 1,799
17 Paxtang Borough 1,561
18 Elizabethville Borough 1,510
19 Bressler CDP 1,437
20 Williamstown Borough 1,387
21 Palmdale CDP 1,308
22 Enhaut CDP 1,007
23 Wiconsico CDP 921
24 Royalton Borough 907
25 Halifax Borough 841
26 Dauphin Borough 791
27 Gratz Borough 765
28 Oberlin CDP 588
29 Lenkerville CDP 550
30 Union Deposit CDP 407
31 Berrysburg Borough 368
32 Pillow Borough 298

Notable people

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Includes Lancaster, York, Berks, Dauphin, Cumberland, Franklin, Lebanon, Adams and Perry Counties
  2. ^ Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1981 to 2010.
  3. ^ Official records for Harrisburg kept at downtown from July 1888 to December 1938, Capital City Airport from January 1939 to September 1991, and at Harrisburg Int'l in Middletown since October 1991.[6]

References

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  1. ^ "PHMC Historical Markers Search". Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Archived from the original (Searchable database) on March 21, 2016. Retrieved January 25, 2014.
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40°25′N 76°47′W / 40.41°N 76.79°W / 40.41; -76.79

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