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Clint Eastwood at the 2012 Republican National Convention

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On Thursday, August 30, 2012, American actor and director Clint Eastwood gave a speech at the Republican National Convention. Eastwood had endorsed Mitt Romney for the 2012 United States presidential election earlier that month, and spent much of his speech's running time on a largely improvised routine in which he addressed an empty chair that represented President Barack Obama. The speech, broadcast in a prime time slot, was viewed live by around 30 million people. It generated many responses and much discussion.

Clint Eastwood at the 2012 Republican National Convention
Man in coat and tie stands at a podium, looking towards a chair
Clint Eastwood on stage with the chair
DateAugust 30, 2012 (2012-08-30)
LocationTampa Bay Times Forum, Tampa, Florida
Also known as2012 Republican National Convention, final night
ParticipantsClint Eastwood
Chair

Background

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Eastwood had a political background as the non-partisan mayor of Carmel-by-the-Sea, California,[1] and he had served on various state commissions on parks and the film industry.[2][3] He also previously endorsed Republican candidate John McCain during the 2008 United States presidential election.[4] On August 3, 2012, Eastwood had formally endorsed former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney for the 2012 presidential election, speaking at a fundraiser for the candidate.[5][6]

The three broadcast networks each devoted one hour of coverage to the convention per night, during the prime 10:00 to 11:00 p.m. time slot.[1][7] In response to criticism that conventions are over-scripted, organizers did not disclose the identity of the first speaker who had been given the high profile speaking slot.[8] On August 30, CNN reported that Eastwood was the "mystery guest".[9]

Speech

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Eastwood made an unannounced appearance at the convention, speaking at the top of the final hour. The speech was scheduled to last five minutes.[1][10] Eastwood started the speech with "I know what you're thinking", referencing the number of .44 Magnum rounds his "Dirty Harry" Callahan character fired in the eponymous 1971 film, and spent much of his speech time on a largely improvised routine addressing an empty chair representing President Barack Obama. The speech lasted about 12 minutes, and was characterized by multiple sources as "rambling."[1][10][11][12][13] In at least two instances, Eastwood implied the President had directed vulgarities at either Romney or him, saying "What do you want me to tell Romney? I can't tell him to do that, he can't do that to himself."[14][15]

Following his conversation with the empty chair, Eastwood turned his focus to the delegates and the audience at home, stating in part "But I'd just like to say something ... that I think is very important. It is that, you, we, we own this country. ... it's not politicians owning it; politicians are employees of ours ... And whether you're Democrat or whether you're a Republican or whether you're Libertarian or whatever, you're the best. And we should not ever forget that. And when somebody does not do the job, we got to let 'em go." The speech ends with a reference to "Go ahead, make my day", spoken as Dirty Harry from the 1983 film Sudden Impact.[16]

Eastwood's speech was viewed live by 30.3 million people, across at least 11 television networks which were broadcasting coverage of the convention. (Those numbers do not count those watching on C-SPAN, whose audience is not measured.)[17]

Inspiration

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Several months later, following the election, Eastwood revealed to CNBC anchor Becky Quick that his infamous "empty chair" skit had been inspired by a Neil Diamond song ("I Am... I Said") that had come over the radio in his Tampa hotel room and that included a lyric about an empty chair not hearing the singer's laments.[18] Eastwood said that the skit was made up on the spot right before he gave it and that if he could, he would say something different if he could have a do-over: "My only message was [that] I wanted people to take the idolizing factor out of every contestant out there. Just look at the work, look at the background, and then make a judgment on that. I was just trying to say that, and did it in kind of a roundabout way which took a lot more time, I suppose, than they would have liked." I'd probably say something else but I'd try to get the same message across so that people don't have to kiss up to politicians. No matter what party they're in, you should evaluate their work and make your judgments accordingly. That's the way to do it in life and every other subject, but sometimes in America we get gaga, we look at the wrong values."[19]

Responses

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External videos
  Watch Clint Eastwood Speak at Republican National Convention. Retrieved April 11, 2017. (Transcript)

Eastwood's remarks were well-received within the convention hall, but responses were mixed outside the hall.[10][20][21][22] His ex-partner Frances Fisher posted an essay on Facebook criticizing the speech, and suggested his appearance was a publicity stunt to sell tickets for his then-upcoming film Trouble with the Curve.[23]

Film critic Roger Ebert, an Obama supporter, commented, "Clint, my hero, is coming across as sad and pathetic. He didn't need to do this to himself. It's unworthy of him,"[18] and later elaborated that while he continues to revere Eastwood as an artist, he opined that Eastwood was "handed the wrong sheet music".[24] Bill Maher, a comedian and talk show host who has been highly critical of the Republican Party, praised Eastwood's performance and his decision to go off-script during a heavily scripted affair: "As a performer, as a stand-up comedian for 30 years who knows how hard it is to get laughs ... he went up there ... without a net, on a tightrope. There was no teleprompter. He did a bit with just an empty chair and killed."[25] Mark Steyn spoke particularly favorably of Eastwood's closing statement, referring to it as "some of the hardest lines of the convention".[26] Jon Stewart commented on the August 31 episode of The Daily Show that Eastwood's performance could be understood as a metaphor for the existence of "a President Obama that only Republicans can see", who bears "so little resemblance to the world and the President that I experience."[27]

Republican Wisconsin governor Scott Walker described the speech as "that one moment, which I cringed about".[28][29] Former Romney adviser Mike Murphy tweeted: "Note to file: Actors need a script."[30] Meanwhile, Ann Romney commented to CBS This Morning that Eastwood is "a unique guy and he did a unique thing last night. We appreciated Clint's support. I didn't know it was coming."[31] The New York Times quoted unnamed Romney aides describing the Eastwood speech as "strange" and "weird."[1] One Romney aide described it as "theater of the absurd."[1] According to Double Down, a book by Mark Halperin and John Heilemann recounting the 2012 Republican campaign, one of Romney's senior strategists, Stuart Stevens, excused himself during Eastwood's performance to vomit in another room in reaction to it.[32] According to the Times, the Eastwood appearance was cleared by Stevens and another senior campaign leader, Russell Schriefer, who drew up a rough set of talking points for Eastwood.[1] Staffers reported that unlike other speakers at the convention, there were no rehearsals for Eastwood's speech, nor did they require Eastwood to be on script.[1][32]

Staffers also reported that Eastwood's use of the chair was a last-minute decision by the actor himself.[1] Eastwood confirmed this in a September 4 interview with The Carmel Pine Cone: "There was a stool there, and some fella kept asking me if I wanted to sit down. When I saw the stool sitting there, it gave me the idea." Eastwood further elaborated that he purposely avoided preparing for the speech to make it appear unpolished and more appealing to the average citizen.[33]

During his speech, Eastwood said, "See, I never thought it was a good idea for attorneys to be president anyway," apparently referencing President Obama. Amy Argetsinger of the Washington Post and Joe Palazzolo of The Wall Street Journal both noted that Romney has a Juris Doctor;[34][35] as Palazzolo wrote, Romney "is a trained lawyer and a businessman. He earned both his J.D. and his MBA at Harvard University, in a dual-degree program."[35] Romney passed the Michigan bar exam, but has never practiced as an attorney, instead pursuing a career in management consulting.[36][37]

The incident led to the "Eastwooding" Internet meme spreading via Twitter whereby people would pose next to empty chairs, sometimes pointing at the chairs.[38][39][40][41] The episode was also lampooned in The Onion.[42] The model of chair, designed in 1992 by the Italian architect/designer Sergio Mian, was profiled as well.[43] Inspired by the Eastwood speech, a Texas man hanged an empty chair in effigy.[44]

The speech follows a long-standing American tradition of empty chair debating, dating back to at least 1924, as pioneered by Progressive vice presidential nominee Burton K. Wheeler.[45] The style of the conversation was noticeably similar to the humorous one-sided conversations popularized by Bob Newhart in the 1960s; Newhart himself joked in a tweet: "I heard that Clint Eastwood was channeling me at the RNC. My lawyers and I are drafting our lawsuit."[46] Bloggers have suggested that Eastwood was attempting a form of Gestalt therapy either for himself or for the Republican Party generally.[47]

In a September 7, 2012, interview with his hometown newspaper, The Carmel Pine Cone, following his speech at the Republican Nation Convention, Eastwood said that "President Obama is the greatest hoax ever perpetrated on the American people," and "Romney and Ryan would do a much better job running the country, and that's what everybody needs to know. I may have irritated a lot of the lefties, but I was aiming for people in the middle."[48]

Following Obama's poor performance in the first general presidential debate of the 2012 cycle, Eastwood's empty chair symbol was revived. The New Yorker featured a caricature of Romney debating Eastwood's chair (drawn by Barry Blitt) for its October 15, 2012, edition.[49]

In response to Clint Eastwood's speech, President Obama tweeted a photo himself sitting in the presidential chair at the Cabinet's Table with the caption "This seat's taken."[50]

On November 7, 2012, the day after President Barack Obama won reelection, Daniel Day-Lewis brought a chair onstage at the 2012 BAFTA Britannia Awards and congratulated it. Day-Lewis added: "I love Clint Eastwood, this is no satirical comment on him or his politics...When I saw him talking to a chair in front of a roomful of strangers, I thought: 'I've got to try that.'"[51]

The chair prop itself was transported from Florida to the offices of Reince Priebus, the former chairman of the Republican National Committee.[52] While the chair is among many pieces of political memorabilia in Priebus' office, it is the first item he points out to reporters.[53]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Barbaro, Michael; Shear, Michael D. (August 31, 2012). "Before Talk With a Chair, Clearance From the Top". The New York Times. Retrieved August 31, 2012. For all the finger-pointing about Clint Eastwood's rambling conversation with an empty chair on Thursday night, the most bizarre, head-scratching 12 minutes in recent political convention history were set in motion by Mitt Romney himself and made possible by his aides, who had shrouded the actor's appearance in secrecy.
  2. ^ "'Terminator' fires Clint Eastwood, Shriver". USA Today. Associated Press. March 20, 2008. Archived from the original on March 14, 2012. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
  3. ^ "Schwarzenegger to boost Hollywood". BBC News Online. April 16, 2004. Archived from the original on October 27, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
  4. ^ Aguilar, Lou (July 18, 2008). "Real Men Vote for McCain". National Review. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011.
  5. ^ Peoples, Steve (4 August 2012). "Presidential election: Clint Eastwood endorses Mitt Romney's bid". San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
  6. ^ Daunt, Tina (August 3, 2012). "Clint Eastwood Endorses Mitt Romney at Idaho Fundraiser". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  7. ^ Hinckley, David (August 30, 2012). "Paul Ryan's RNC speech draws 17 million fewer viewers than previous GOP VP candidate Sarah Palin in 2008". New York Daily News.
  8. ^ Molloy, Tim; Anderson, Kasia (August 29, 2012). "Clint Eastwood may be RNC mystery speaker". Yahoo! News. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  9. ^ Walsh, Deidre (August 30, 2012). "Solved: Eastwood is RNC 'mystery guest'". CNN. Archived from the original on January 2, 2013. Retrieved September 1, 2012.
  10. ^ a b c Argetsinger, Amy; Rucker, Philip (August 31, 2012). "Clint Eastwood shoots from the hip at GOP convention — and gets some blowback". Washington Post. Retrieved August 31, 2012. His rambling style triggered snark about his health and his age.
  11. ^ Cassata, Donna (August 31, 2012). "Clint Eastwood brings awkward unscripted RNC performance (+video)". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved August 31, 2012. Standing on the convention stage with an empty chair, Eastwood carried on a sometimes rambling conversation with an imaginary President Barack Obama.
  12. ^ Rainey, James (August 31, 2012). "Ann Romney, others distancing campaign from Clint Eastwood's ramble". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 31, 2012. Asked on ABC's "Good Morning America" about Eastwood's rambling, unscripted speech, the wife of the Republican presidential nominee allowed that she was "grateful for his support," but quickly heaped much more effusive praise on Olympic athletes and fellow Mormons "that knew Mitt so well" who also spoke on behalf of her husband Thursday night.
  13. ^ Murray, Sara (August 31, 2012). "Could Be Contenders; The Good, the Bad and the Chair". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved August 31, 2012. Thursday night, the 82-year-old Mr. Eastwood treated convention delegates, and millions watching at home, to a rambling discussion with an empty chair meant to signify President Barack Obama.
  14. ^ McNamara, Mary (August 31, 2012). "Clint Eastwood and his imaginary non-friend at the convention". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 31, 2012. What? What do you want me to tell Romney? I can't tell him to do that," he said at one point. "He can't do that to himself.
  15. ^ Johnson, Luke (August 31, 2012). "Clint Eastwood Speech: Movie Star Talks To An Empty Chair (VIDEO)". Huffington Post. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  16. ^ "Transcript: Clint Eastwood's Convention Remarks". NPR. 2012-08-30. Retrieved 2012-09-13.
  17. ^ de Moraes, Lisa (September 5, 2012). "What was the second most-watched TV program last week? Clint Eastwood & the Chair on Fox News Channel". Washington Post. Retrieved September 5, 2012.
  18. ^ a b McDevitt, Caitlin (August 30, 2012). "Roger Ebert: Eastwood speech was 'sad'". Politico. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  19. ^ Yamato, Jen (September 14, 2012). "Clint Eastwood Says He'd 'Say Something Else' If He Could Have RNC Re-Do". Movieline.
  20. ^ Lavender, Paige (August 31, 2012). "Scott Walker: Clint Eastwood Speech Was One GOP Convention Moment 'I Cringed About'". Huffington Post. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  21. ^ Zakarin, Jordan (August 31, 2012). "Clint Eastwood's RNC Speech: 5 New Developments". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
  22. ^ Rainey, James (August 31, 2012). "Clint Eastwood didn't exactly make Team Romney's day". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
  23. ^ "Frances Fisher - So I've been asked by numerous friends my... - Facebook". facebook.com.
  24. ^ Ebert, Roger (2013-08-21). "The man with his name". Roger Ebert's Journal. Archived from the original on 2013-02-07. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
  25. ^ McDevitt, Caitlin (September 1, 2012). Bill Maher: Eastwood killed it. Politico. Retrieved September 1, 2012.
  26. ^ Steyn, Mark (September 1, 2012). Play Clinty for Me. National Review. Retrieved September 2, 2012.
  27. ^ Stewart, Jon (August 31, 2012). "August 31, 2012". The Daily Show with Jon Stewart. Comedy Central. See also: Berman, Craig (September 1, 2012). "Late-night talk shows can't get enough of mocking Clint Eastwood's empty chair". NBC News. Retrieved September 8, 2012.
  28. ^ Sands, Geneva (August 31, 2012). "Gov. Walker: 'I cringed' at Clint Eastwood's speech". The Hill. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  29. ^ Paskin, Willa (August 30, 2012). "Clint Eastwood steals the RNC". Salon.com. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  30. ^ Lang, Derrick J. (August 31, 2012). "Trouble with the chair: Clint Eastwood mocked for GOP convention speech". National Post. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
  31. ^ "Ann Romney: Eastwood did "a unique thing"". CBS This Morning. August 31, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
  32. ^ a b Xan Brooks (5 November 2013). "How Clint Eastwood's odd Obama speech turned Republican stomachs". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  33. ^ Mak, Tim (September 7, 2012). Eastwood explains the 'empty chair' Archived 2013-06-28 at the Wayback Machine. Politico. Retrieved September 7, 2012.
  34. ^ Argetsinger, Amy (August 30, 2012). "Clint Eastwood goes unscripted with punchy speech at Republican convention (video)". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  35. ^ a b Palazzolo, Joe (August 31, 2012). "Clint Eastwood: Lawyers as President? Not a 'Good Idea'". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved September 2, 2012.
  36. ^ Hruby, Patrick (August 26, 2012). "To get a grasp on Mitt Romney, start with the lesson of the muffin". The Washington Times. Retrieved September 2, 2012.
  37. ^ Kranish, Michael; Helman, Scott (2012). The Real Romney. New York: HarperCollins. p. 97. ISBN 978-0-06-212327-5.
  38. ^ Reisinger, Don (August 31, 2012). "'Eastwooding' meme sweeps across Twitter". CNET. Retrieved September 1, 2012.
  39. ^ Ngak, Chenda (August 31, 2012). "Eastwood's speech sparks Twitter trend, "Eastwooding" photo meme". CBS News. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
  40. ^ Ortiz, Erik (August 31, 2012). "Clint Eastwood inspires 'Eastwooding': Social media users upload empty chair pics online". New York Daily News. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
  41. ^ Tsukayama, Hayley (August 31, 2012). "#Eastwooding is the Twitter meme of the day". Washington Post. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
  42. ^ "'You Did Great!' Terrified Personal Assistant Tells Clint Eastwood". The Onion. August 31, 2012. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
  43. ^ Architectural Record Addressing Eastwood’s Infamous Chair
  44. ^ Gupta, Prachi (September 20, 2012). "Obama chair lynchings in Texas and Virginia". Salon.
  45. ^ Schultz, Colin (August 31, 2012). "The Long History of Americans Debating Empty Chairs". Smithsonian.com. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
  46. ^ Lang, Derrik J. (August 31, 2012). "Clint Eastwood mocked for convention chair bit". The Detroit News.[permanent dead link‍]
  47. ^ Buck I, Pope (September 1, 2012). "Clint Eastwood: Gestalt Therapist". Daily Kos. Retrieved 2012-09-29.
  48. ^ Miller, Paul. "Eastwood says his convention appearance was 'mission accomplished'" (PDF). The Carmel Pine Cone. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-09-11. Retrieved September 7, 2012.
  49. ^ Mouly, Francoise; Kaneko, Mina (October 5, 2012). Cover story: the first presidential debate. The New Yorker. Retrieved October 5, 2012.
  50. ^ Aaron Couch (30 August 2012). "President Obama Zings Clint Eastwood Via Twitter". The Hollywood Reporter.
  51. ^ "Daniel Day Lewis' "Eastwooding" BAFTA Acceptance Speech For Lincoln: ENTV". YouTube. 2012-11-08. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
  52. ^ Levy, Glen (January 25, 2013). "Where Did Clint Eastwood's Empty Chair End Up?". Time.
  53. ^ Preston, Mark; Jaconi, Michelle (January 23, 2013). "CNN's Gut Check for January 23, 2013". CNN. Archived from the original on August 31, 2013.
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