George Edwin Bergstrom (March 12, 1876 – June 17, 1955) was an American architect who designed The Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia.[1][2]
Biography
editGeorge Edwin Bergstrom was born in Neenah, Wisconsin, of Norwegian immigrant ancestry. His father, George O. Bergstrom, was a prominent businessman and local politician. The Bergstroms' home, now known as the George O. Bergstrom House, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[3] George Edwin Bergstrom attended Phillips-Andover Academy, and was in the Yale University class of 1896. He earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1899. Bergstrom settled in Los Angeles, California, in 1901. In 1903, he married the former Nancy Kimberly, daughter of John A. Kimberly, a co-founder of Kimberly-Clark. They had two children; Alice Cheney Bergstrom and George Edwin Bergstrom, Jr.[4]
Career
editFrom 1905 to 1915, Bergstrom was in partnership with architect John Parkinson. The firm of Parkinson & Bergstrom designed numerous public and private buildings throughout Southern California, and designed many of the major office and commercial buildings erected in downtown Los Angeles during this period. Among these were the Los Angeles Athletic Club, the Alexandria Hotel, and the original building of Bullock's Department Store. The firm also received commissions for major projects as distant as Salt Lake City, first for the Kearns Building, erected in 1911 for U.S. Senator Thomas Kearns, a mining, newspaper, railroad and banking magnate and later, the Hotel Utah, now the Joseph Smith Memorial Building, was erected in 1909–1911.
After establishing his own practice in 1915, Bergstrom continued to design buildings throughout the region, including buildings for John C. Fremont High School,[5] and Redlands High School,[6] at Redlands, California. He designed buildings for the Elks Club[7] and the Commercial Club in downtown Los Angeles,[8] and collaborated with architect William Lee Woollett (1874–1955) [9] on Grauman's Metropolitan Theatre (later called the Paramount Theatre) for impresario Sid Grauman.[10] One of his most notable buildings of the period was the Pasadena Civic Auditorium in Pasadena, California, which he designed in association with architects Cyril Bennett and Fitch Haskell.[11]
Between 1925 and 1931, Bergstrom associated on the Pasadena Civic Auditorium, with the Pasadena architectural firm of Haskell and Bennett, which was composed of John Cyril Bennett (1891–1957) and Fitch Harrison Haskell (1883–1962). The firm of Bergstrom and Witmer, Architects was in operation from 1941 to 1943. Bergstrom and David J. Witmer (1888–1973) acted as the Chief Architects for the Pentagon Building. Bergstrom and Witmer did the basic design work in a remarkably short time during 1941, between July 17 and 22.[12][13][14] Bergstrom was replaced as chief architect by Witmer in April 1942 following Bergstorm's resignation due to unrelated charges of improper conduct while he was president of the American Institute of Architects.[15]
Active in civic affairs, Bergstrom served as president of the Municipal Housing Commission for seven years and was a member of the Municipal Art Commission. He also served as chairman of the advisory board of the University of Southern California's School of Architecture. He was president of the Southern California chapter of the American Institute of Architects for two years, and served three years as director of the institute. Active in numerous clubs and civic organizations, he served as a director of the Los Angeles Athletic Club, and was president of the Allied Architect's Association of Los Angeles.[16]
He died in 1955 and was buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California. [4]
Architectural firms
editSelected works
editDowntown Los Angeles
editBroadway Theatre District
edit- Norton Building (1906)
- Trustee Building (1906)[20]
- Bullock's flagship department store (1906–7)[21]
- Yorkshire Hotel (1909)[20]
- Broadway Mart Center (1913)[20]
- Metropolitan Building (1913)[20]
Elsewhere in downtown
edit- Brownstone Hotel (1905)
- O.T. Johnson Commercial Building #3 (1906)
- Spreckels Brothers Warehouse (1909)
- Anthony, Earle C. Incorporated Building #1 (1911)
- Union Oil Company Office Building (1911)
- Rowan Building (1911–1912)
- Ford Motor Company Factory (1912)
- Washington Building (1912)
- Security First National Bank (1915–1916)
- Ansonia Apartments (1916)
- Grauman's Metropolitan Theatre (1921–1923)
Elsewhere
edit- Little Sisters of the Poor Home for the Aged, Boyle Heights, California (1906)
- Citizens Bank Building, Pasadena, California (1914)
- Pasadena Municipal Auditorium, Pasadena, California (1925–1932)
- The Pentagon, United States Department of Defense headquarters (1941–1943), Washington DC
References
edit- ^ "The Pentagon". www.globalsecurity.org.
- ^ Concept to Early Construction(Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs) Archived March 11, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "579 E WISCONSIN AVE | Property Record". Wisconsin Historical Society. January 1, 2012. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
- ^ a b "PCAD - George Edwin Bergstrom". pcad.lib.washington.edu.
- ^ Architect & Engineer, April 1927
- ^ Southwest Builder & Contractor, October 27, 1927
- ^ Southwest Builder & Contractor, November 19, 1920
- ^ Southwest Builder & Contractor, January 22, 1925
- ^ William Lee Woollett (The American Institute of Architects) Archived March 31, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Southwest Builder & Contractor, August 20, 1920; March 4, 1921; April 22, 1921
- ^ Southwest Builder & Contractor, January 2, 1925; California Southland, April 1927; California Arts and Architecture, March 1932
- ^ John Cyril Bennett(Pacific Coast Architecture Database)
- ^ Fitch Harrison Haskell(Pacific Coast Architecture Database)
- ^ David Julius Witmer (Pacific Coast Architecture Database)
- ^ Alfred Goldberg (1992). "The Pentagon: The First Fifty Years. Office of the Secretary of Defense" (PDF). Government Printing Office. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 28, 2016. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
- ^ George Edwin Bergstrom (Pacific Coast Architecture Database)
- ^ Parkinson and Bergstrom (Pacific Coast Architecture Database)
- ^ Bergstrom, Haskell, and Bennett (Pacific Coast Architecture Database)
- ^ Bergstrom and Witmer, Architects (Pacific Coast Architecture Database)
- ^ a b c d "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form - California SP Broadway Theater and Commercial District". United States Department of the Interior - National Park Service. May 9, 1979.
- ^ "PCAD - Bullock's Department Store #1, Downtown, Los Angeles, CA". pcad.lib.washington.edu.
Further reading
edit- Vogel, Steve (2007). The Pentagon: A History; The Untold Story of the Wartime Race to Build the Pentagon - And to Restore it Sixty Years Later (1st ed.). New York, NY: Random House. ISBN 978-1-4000-6303-1.