The Ecdinii or Ecdini were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the valley of the Tinée (Alpes-Maritimes) during the Iron Age.[1]
Name
editThey are mentioned as Ecdini by Pliny (1st c. AD),[2] and as Ecdiniorum on the Arc of Susa.[3][4]
The meaning of the ethnonym remains obscure. If Celtic, Ecdinii is possibly formed with the prefix ec(s)- ('out of, without') attached to -dīn(i)- ('shelter, protection').[4] Xavier Delamarre has thus proposed to translate *Ec(s)-dīni-oi as the 'Homeless'. If this interpretation is correct, the name was probably an exonym given by a neighbouring tribe.[5] Guy Barruol suggested that the name Tinius might be related.[6]
Geography
editThe Ecdinii lived in the valley of the Tinée, a tributary of the Var river.[6] Their territory was located west of the Vesubiani and Tyrii, east of the Nemeturii, north of the Nerusii and Vediantii, and south of the Savincates and Caturiges.[7] According to A. L. F. Rivet, "there appear to have been no significant settlements in the lands of the Ecdinii and the Vesubiani, so that they must have been controlled by Cemenelum when they had been detached from the Cottian kingdom."[8]
Along with the Vesubiani and Veaminii, they were part of the Capillati.[9]
History
editThey are mentioned by Pliny the Elder as one of the Alpine tribes conquered by Rome in 16–15 BC, and whose name was engraved on the Tropaeum Alpium.[2] They also appear on the Arch of Susa, erected by Cottius in 9–8 BC.[10]
References
edit- ^ Loseby, S., R. Häussler (31 December 2022). "Places: 157846 (Ecdinii)". Pleiades. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Pliny. Naturalis Historia, 3:20.
- ^ CIL 5:7231.
- ^ a b Falileyev 2010, s.v. Ecdinii.
- ^ Delamarre 2007, p. 37.
- ^ a b Barruol 1969, p. 359.
- ^ Talbert 2000, Map 16: Col. Forum Iulii-Albingaunum, Map 17: Lugdunum.
- ^ Rivet 1988, p. 342.
- ^ Barruol 1969, p. 176.
- ^ Barruol 1969, p. 32.
Primary sources
edit- Pliny (1938). Natural History. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Rackham, H. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674993648.
Bibliography
edit- Barruol, Guy (1969). Les Peuples préromains du Sud-Est de la Gaule: étude de géographie historique. E. de Boccard. OCLC 3279201.
- Delamarre, Xavier (2007). "Gallo-Brittonica (suite : 11–21)". Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie. 55: 29–41. doi:10.1515/ZCPH.2007.29. S2CID 163928150.
- Falileyev, Alexander (2010). Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-names: A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. CMCS. ISBN 978-0955718236.
- Rivet, A. L. F. (1988). Gallia Narbonensis: With a Chapter on Alpes Maritimae : Southern France in Roman Times. Batsford. ISBN 978-0-7134-5860-2.
- Talbert, Richard J. A. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691031699.