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Yekaterinoslav Governorate

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Yekaterinoslav Governorate[a] was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Yekaterinoslav. It bordered Poltava Governorate to the north, Don Host Oblast to the east, Sea of Azov to the southeast, Taurida Governorate to the south, and Kherson Governorate to the east, and covered the area of the Luhansk, Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk, and Zaporizhzhia Oblasts of modern Ukraine.

Yekaterinoslav Governorate
Екатеринославская губерния
Governorate
Coat of arms of Yekaterinoslav Governorate
Coat of arms
Location in the Russian Empire
Location in the Russian Empire
CountryRussian Empire
Established1802
Abolished1925
CapitalYekaterinoslav
Area
 • Total
63,391.61 km2 (24,475.64 sq mi)
Population
 (1897)
 • Total
2,113,674[1][2]
 • Urban
11.40%
 • Rural
88.60%
Yekaterinoslav Governorate in 1913

Location

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The government was created in 1802 when the Novorossiya Governorate was split into three governorates. The Yekaterinoslav Governorate bordered to the north with the Kharkov Governorate and Poltava Governorate, to the west and southwest with the Kherson Governorate, to the south with the Taurida Governorate and Sea of Azov, and to the east with Don Host Oblast.

Administrative divisions

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The governorate was created in place of Novorossiysk Governorate in 1802 and encompassed a huge area of the southern Ukraine. Officially, the new governorate was created as Ekaterinoslav Governorate in 1802 and subdivided into the following uyezds with centres in:

County County Town Arms of County Town Area Population
(1897 census)
Transliteration name Russian Cyrillic
Aleksandrovsky Александровскій Aleksandrovsk
 
 10,015.8 km2
(3,867.1 sq mi)		 271,678
Bakhmutsky Бахмутскій Bakhmut
 
 9,224.8 km2
(3,561.7 sq mi)		 332,478
Verkhnedneprovsky Верхнеднѣпровскій Verkhnedniprovsk
 
 6,862.3 km2
(2,649.5 sq mi)		 211,674
Yekaterinoslavsky Екатеринославскій Yekaterinoslav
 
 7,858 km2
(3,034 sq mi)		 357,207
Mariupolsky Маріупольскій Mariupol
 
 8,989.2 km2
(3,470.7 sq mi)		 254,056
Novomoskovsky Невомосковскій Novomoskovsk
 
 6,532 km2
(2,522 sq mi)		 260,368
Pavlogradsky Павлоградскій Pavlograd
 
 8,815.7 km2
(3,403.8 sq mi)		 251,460
Slavyanoserbsky Славяносербскій Lugansk
 
 5,089 km2
(1,965 sq mi)		 174,753
  1. Taganrog city (Таганрог) 1802–1887
  2. Rostov upon Don city 1802–1887
 
Ukraine's modern border superimposed on the administrative division of 1900 for both the Russian and the Austro-Hungarian Empires. The borders of the uyezds can be seen from this map

Changes in Russian Empire

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  • 1874, the Mariupol (Марiуполь) uyezd was split off the Aleksandrovsk uyezd.
  • 1887, Rostov-na-Donu city as well as Taganrog city with its uyezd were transferred back to the Don Host Oblast.

Ukraine

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  • 1918, Taganrog uyezd was transferred once again, but without the Taganrog city and later again returned to the Don Voisko Province. The Ukrainian People's Republic passed the law for the reformation of the Ukrainian administrative division dividing the governorate into five new lands. The law has failed to be implemented and was canceled due to the conservative coup d'état of Pavlo Skoropadsky and establishment of the Ukrainian State. Thus the territory of the governorate was left unchanged and sustained without any major changes until 1919.

South Russia

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  • 1919 Krivyi Rih uyezd was created partially out of the newly annexed lands of the Kherson Governorate.

Soviet Ukraine

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  • 1920 Governorate yielded few territories in favor of the newly created Olexandrivsk Governorate and Donetsk Governorate
  • 1922 Zaporizhia Governorate was abolished and its territories returned under the subordination of Yekaterinoslav Governorate together with some of Kremenchuk Governorate.
  • 1923 All Governorates uyezds were reformed into seven okrugs with two of them (Berdiansk and Oleksandriysk okrugs) liquidated on 3 June 1925.
  • On 1 August 1925, the Yekaterinoslav Governorate administration was discontinued.

Okrugs

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List of okruhas of Ukraine upon the dissolution of the Governorate:

  1. Yekaterinoslav
  2. Zaporizhia
  3. Kryvyi Rih
  4. Melitopol
  5. Pavlohrad

Demographics

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The governorate's population, a majority of peasants, was 662,000 in 1811, 902,400 in 1851, 1,204,800 in 1863, and 1,792,800 in 1885. From the second half of the 19th century, with the founding of Yuzovka (Donetsk), the governorate became the coal-mining and metallurgical center of the then Ukraine, incorporating the Dnieper Industrial Region and the Donbass (Donets Basin).

Its population increased to 2,113,674 by 1897. The nationalities within the governorate were Ukrainians – 68.9%, Russians – 17.3%, Jews (4.7%), Germans (3.8%), Greeks (2.3%), and Tatars (0.8%). In 1924, the governorate had 3,424,100 (13.6% urban) inhabitants, living in 5,165 settlements, 36 of them being cities and urban-type settlements. The largest social class was that of workers (about 25%).

See also: Jewish agricultural colonies in the Russian Empire

Principal cities

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An old postcard depicting Yekaterinoslav, the governorate's capital at the time.

The data is taken from demoscope.ru. Here is also the most common language composition.

  • Yekaterinoslav – 112,839[3] (1897), (Russian – 47,140, Jewish – 39,979, Ukrainian – 17,787)
  • Mariupol – 31,116 (Russian – 19,670, Jewish – 4,710, Ukrainian – 3,125)
  • Lugansk – 20,404 (Russian – 13,907, Ukrainian – 3,902, Jewish – 1,449)
  • Bakhmut – 19,316 (Ukrainian – 11,928, Russian – 3,659, Jewish – 3,223)
  • Aleksandrovsk – 18,849 (Ukrainian – 8,101, Jewish – 5,248, Russian – 4,667)
  • Pavlograd 15,775 (Russian – 5,421, Ukrainian – 5,273, Jewish – 4,353)
  • Novomoskovsk – 12,883 (Ukrainian – 9,956, Jewish – 1,436, Russian – 1,237)
  • Verkhnedneprovsk – 6,501 (Ukrainian – 3,752, Jewish – 2,061, Russian – 739)
  • Slavianoserbsk – 3,122 (Russian – 1,607, Ukrainian – 1,342, Jewish – 143)

From the turn of the 19th century until 1887 city of Rostov-na-Donu and all the Taganrog uyezd were part of the governorate, but before the census of 1897 took place they were transferred to the Don oblast. Note that the biggest city of the guberniya was the city of Rostov-na-Donu while Taganrog was not much smaller and the third in size. Here is the data on them:

  • Rostov-na-Donu – 119,476 (Russian – 94,673, Jewish – 11,183, Ukrainian – 5,612)
  • Taganrog – 51,437 (Russian – 40,899, Ukrainian – 4,676, Jewish – 2,685)

Language

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  • By the Imperial census of 1897.
Native language Yekaterinoslav Governorate
Екатеринославская губерния[2] 		For each uyezd (district)
Yekaterinoslav
Екатеринославский уезд[4] 		Pavlograd
Павлоградский уезд[5] 		Bakhmut
Бахмутский уезд[6] 		Novomoskovsk
Новомосковский уезд[7] 		Mariupol
Мариупольский уезд[8] 		Alexandrovsk
Александровский уезд[9] 		Slavyanoserbsk
Славяносербский уезд[10] 		Verkhnedneprovsk
Верхнеднепровский уезд[11]
Number % Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number
Total 2,113,674 100% 357,207 251,460 332,478 260,368 254,056 271,678 174,753 211,674
Great Russian (Russian) 364,974 17.27% 75,190 36,164 103,702 9,628 35,691 15,445 79,281 9,873
Little Russian (Ukrainian) 1,456,269 68.90% 198,982 200,434 193,510 242,737 117,206 224,122 88,218 191,160
White Russian (Belarusian) 14,052 0.66% 4,033 505 2,468 196 1,697 3,353 1,564 236
Polish 12,365 0.59% 7,933 553 2,000 316 528 293 511 231
German 80,979 3.83% 20,609 5,806 12,646 3,452 19,104 14,014 896 4,452
French 908 0.04% 197 8 451 50 46 18 122 16
Italian 146 0.01% 21 1 37 0 39 14 25 9
Romanian and Moldovan 9,175 0.43% 1,771 29 6,371 0 95 2 839 68
English 369 0.02% 14 1 284 0 41 2 13 14
Greek 48,740 2.31% 193 38 142 9 48,290 45 14 9
Jewish 99,152 4.69% 46,441 7,363 9,457 3,635 10,291 13,886 2,631 5,448
Tatar 17,253 0.82% 868 255 346 7 15,472 128 151 26
Turkish 5,555 0.26% 168 15 20 9 5,317 14 4 8
Roma (Gypsy) 1,293 0.06% 103 172 255 272 21 203 177 90
Other 1,888 0.09% 519 71 655 28 164 77 251 23
Unidentified 556 0.03% 165 45 134 29 54 62 56 11

Religion

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  • By the Imperial census of 1897.[12]
Religion Number percentage (%) males females In the cities Outside the cities
Eastern Orthodox 1,903,264 90.05% 982,616 920,648 167,263 1,736,001
Judaism 101,088 4.78% 51,679 49,409 64,024 37,064
Lutherans 39,530 1.87% 19,972 19,558 2,085 37,445
Roman Catholics 32,154 1.52% 17,658 14,496 5,388 26,766
Mennonites 23,922 1.13% 12,132 11,790 208 23,714
Old Believers and deviants from orthodoxy 9,393 0.44% 4,699 4,694 421 8,972
Muslims 2,090 0.10% 1,700 390 1,039 1,051
Baptists 1,150 0.05% 606 544 5 1,145
Armenian-Gregorian 448 0.02% 301 147 225 223
Karaites 359 0.02% 178 181 302 57
Reformed Christian 157 0.01% 95 62 15 142
Anglican 46 0.00% 26 20 16 30
Other 73 0.00% 53 20 14 43
Total 2,113,674 100% 1,091,715 1,021,959 241,005 1,872,669

Governors

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General-Governors
Governors

Chairmen of the Governorate

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Revkoms
Ispolkom

Chekists

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As an independent governmental organization
 
Membership ticket of Committees of Poor Peasants, Oleksandriia district, 1924 (for Kyrylo Ivanovych Turbaivskyi)
  • 1919: Vasyl Valiavko (transferred to Volyn Cheka)
  • 1919–1920: Aleksandr Alpov (transferred to Mykolaiv Cheka)
As part of the State Political Directorate (GPU)
  • 24 May 1922 – 16 February 1923: Izrail Leplevskiy (transferred to Podolia Cheka)
  • 1923: P. Onishchenko
  • 1 September 1924 – 1 September 1925: Semyon Dukelsky

Notable people

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^
    • Russian: Екатериносла́вская губе́рния, pre-1918: Екатериносла́вская губе́рнія, romanized: Yekaterinoslávskaya gubérniya
    • Ukrainian: Катериносла́вська губе́рнія, romanized: Katerynoslávsʼka hubérniia
    • Sometimes in English as well: Ekaterinoslav Governorate
    • Also known as Katerynoslavshchyna, (Ukrainian: Катеринославщина; Russian: Екатеринославщина, romanized: Yekaterinoslavshchina)

References

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  1. ^ Troynitsky, Nikolay (1904). Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской империи 1897 г. XIII. Екатеринославская губерния [The first general census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897. 13. Ekaterinoslav Province] (6th ed.). Izdanie Tsentral'nogo statisticheskogo komiteta Ministerstva vnutrennikh del. Archived from the original on 1 December 2022.
  2. ^ a b Екатеринославская губерния – вся [Yekaterinoslav Governorate, all], Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам 50 губерний Европейской России [The first national census of the Russian Empire in 1897. Distribution of the population by mother tongue and uyezd of 50 provinces of European Russia.], Демоскоп Weekly
  3. ^ Population of Yekaterinoslav
  4. ^ Екатеринославский уезд – весь [Yekaterinoslav Uyezd, all], Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам 50 губерний Европейской России [The first national census of the Russian Empire in 1897. Distribution of the population by mother tongue and uyezd of 50 provinces of European Russia.], Демоскоп Weekly
  5. ^ Павлоградский уезд – весь [Pavlograd Uyezd, all], Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам 50 губерний Европейской России [The first national census of the Russian Empire in 1897. Distribution of the population by mother tongue and uyezd of 50 provinces of European Russia.], Демоскоп Weekly
  6. ^ Бахмутский уезд- весь [Bakhmut Uyezd, all], Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам 50 губерний Европейской России [The first national census of the Russian Empire in 1897. Distribution of the population by mother tongue and uyezd of 50 provinces of European Russia.], Демоскоп Weekly
  7. ^ Новомосковский уезд – весь [Novomoskovsk Uyezd, all], Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам 50 губерний Европейской России [The first national census of the Russian Empire in 1897. Distribution of the population by mother tongue and uyezd of 50 provinces of European Russia.], Демоскоп Weekly
  8. ^ Мариупольский уезд – весь [Mariupol Uyezd, all], Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам 50 губерний Европейской России [The first national census of the Russian Empire in 1897. Distribution of the population by mother tongue and uyezd of 50 provinces of European Russia.], Демоскоп Weekly
  9. ^ Александровский уезд – весь [Alexandrovsk Uyezd, all], Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам 50 губерний Европейской России [The first national census of the Russian Empire in 1897. Distribution of the population by mother tongue and uyezd of 50 provinces of European Russia.], Демоскоп Weekly
  10. ^ Славяносербский уезд – весь [Slavyanoserbsk Uyezd, all], Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам 50 губерний Европейской России [The first national census of the Russian Empire in 1897. Distribution of the population by mother tongue and uyezd of 50 provinces of European Russia.], Демоскоп Weekly
  11. ^ Верхнеднепровский уезд – весь [Verkhnedneprovsk Uyezd, all], Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам 50 губерний Европейской России [The first national census of the Russian Empire in 1897. Distribution of the population by mother tongue and uyezd of 50 provinces of European Russia.], Демоскоп Weekly
  12. ^ The first national census of the Russian Empire in 1897, Ed. N.A.Troynitskogo. t.I. The total body of the Empire's first general census of population development results produced by 28 January 1897. St. Petersburg, 1905. Table XII. Population by religions.
    Religion Statistics of 1897 Yekaterinoslav (in Russian)
    Religion Statistics of 1897 Yekaterinoslav in the cities (in Russian)
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48°27′00″N 34°59′00″E / 48.4500°N 34.9833°E / 48.4500; 34.9833

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