Ischnocnema holti is a species of frog in the family Brachycephalidae. It is endemic to the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and is known from the Serra da Mantiqueira in Itatiaia and Serra dos Órgãos in Teresópolis.[2][3][4] Common name Holt's robber frog has been coined for this species.[2]
| Ischnocnema holti | |
|---|---|
| |
| An adult in Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Brachycephalidae |
| Genus: | Ischnocnema |
| Species: | I. holti
|
| Binomial name | |
| Ischnocnema holti (Cochran, 1948)
| |
| Synonyms[2] | |
|
Eleutherodactylus unistrigatus holti Cochran, 1948 | |
Description
editAdult males measure 14–32 mm (0.55–1.26 in) and females 18–31 mm (0.71–1.22 in) in snout–vent length. The habitus is robust. The head is wider than long. The snout is rounded. The tympanum is distinct. The dorsum is smooth to granular, with small granulations on the sides. Discs on fingers and toes are well-developed. The dorsal coloration is variable: uniformly dark brown or gray, exhibiting green or irregularly distributed red spots, sometimes with two dark longitudinal bands running from the eyes to the posterior region, or light green with brown spots.[3]
Habitat and conservation
editIschnocnema holti inhabits forests, ravines, and high-altitude grasslands. Its altitudinal range in Itatiaia is 2,000–2,400 m (6,600–7,900 ft) above sea level, although a male was heard calling at 1670 m in Garganta do Registro. In Serra dos Órgãos it occurs above 1,200 m (3,900 ft).[4] Males call from vegetation up to 4 m above the ground.[3]
The species is present in the Itatiaia National Park, where its type locality lies,[1][3] as well as in the Serra dos Órgãos National Park.[4] It is abundant in both locations.[3][4]
References
edit- ^ a b Sergio Potsch de Carvalho-e-Silva, Carlos Alberto Gonçalves da Cruz (2004). "Ischnocnema holti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T56656A11514597. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T56656A11514597.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ a b c Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Ischnocnema holti (Cochran, 1948)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
- ^ a b c d e Targino, Mariane; Carvalho-e-Silva, Sergio P. de (2008). "Redescrição de Ischnocnema holti (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephalidae)" [Redescription of Ischnocnema holti (Amphibia, Anura)]. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia (in Portuguese). 25 (4): 716–723. doi:10.1590/S0101-81752008000400017.
- ^ a b c d Costa, Paulo Nogueira da; Carvalho-e-Silva, Sergio Potsch de; Carvalho-e-Silva, Ana Maria Paulino Telles de; Weber, Luiz Norberto (2008). "Amphibia, Anura, Brachycephalidae, Ischnocnema holti: distribution extension". Check List. 4 (3): 232–233. doi:10.15560/4.3.232.