Ismene, or Peruvian daffodil, is a genus of South American plants in the Amaryllis family.[6] The species are native to Peru and Ecuador and widely cultivated elsewhere as ornamentals because of their large, showy flowers.[7][8]
| Ismene | |
|---|---|
| |
| Ismene narcissiflora[4] | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Amaryllidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Amaryllidoideae |
| Genus: | Ismene Salisb. ex Herb.[2][3] |
| Synonyms[5] | |
| |
Ismene produces tender perennial bulbs bearing a strong resemblance to those of Hymenocallis, a genus into which Ismene had often been grouped in the past. However, its morphology differs from Hymenocallis in several significant ways: its vegetative parts, natural range, and chromosome number are all distinct.
Ismene can be difficult to grow in the United States.[9]
Species
editA list of Ismene species and their geographic distribution is given below.[5]
- Ismene amancaes (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb – western Peru
- Ismene hawkesii (Vargas) Gereau & Meerow – Cusco, Peru
- Ismene longipetala (Lindl.) Meerow – southwestern Ecuador, northwestern Peru
- Ismene morrisonii (Vargas) Gereau & Meerow – Apurímac, Peru
- Ismene narcissiflora (Jacq.) M.Roem. – south-central Peru
- Ismene nutans (Ker Gawl.) Herb. – Peru
- Ismene pedunculata Herb. – Peru
- Ismene ringens (Ruiz & Pav.) Gereau & Meerow – Peru
- Ismene sublimis (Herb.) Gereau & Meerow – La Libertad, Peru
- Ismene vargasii (Velarde) Gereau & Meerow – Peru
Hybrids
edit- Ismene × deflexa Herb. (I. longipetala × I. narcissiflora) – Peru
Phylogeny
editIt is closely related to Leptochiton and Hymenocallis, from which it separated 26.14 million years ago. The separation of Leptochiton and Hymenocallis occurred 24.46 million years ago.[1]
| Hymenocallideae |
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References
edit- ^ a b Meerow, A. W., Gardner, E. M., & Nakamura, K. (2020). "Phylogenomics of the Andean tetraploid clade of the American Amaryllidaceae (subfamily Amaryllidoideae): unlocking a polyploid generic radiation abetted by continental geodynamics." Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 582422.
- ^ "Ismene Salisb. ex Herb". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
- ^ "Ismene Salisb. ex Herb". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000. n.d. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
- ^ illustration from Flore des serres et des jardins de l’Europe by Charles Lemaire and others. Gand [Gent], Louis van Houtte, 1849, volume 5, plate 440
- ^ a b "Ismene". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2017-10-08.
- ^ Herbert, William 1821. An Appendix: [General index to the Botanical magazine, vol. 43-48 containing a treatise on bulbous roots] page 45
- ^ Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee & S. G. Beck. (eds.) 2014. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia, Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127(1–2): i–viii, 1–1744.
- ^ Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. (eds.) 1993. Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i–xl, 1–1286.
- ^ Howard, Thad M. Bulbs for Warm Climates. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press, 2001, pp 98–99.
External links
edit
- [1] International Bulb Society's gallery of photographs
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