John Campbell, 2nd Marquess of Breadalbane
John Campbell, 2nd Marquess of Breadalbane, KT, PC, FRS, FSA (26 October 1796 – 8 November 1862), styled Lord Glenorchy until 1831 and as Earl of Ormelie from 1831 to 1834, was a Scottish nobleman and Liberal politician.[1]
The Marquess of Breadalbane | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Lord Chamberlain of the Household | |
| In office 5 September 1848 – 21 February 1852 | |
| Monarch | Victoria |
| Prime Minister | Lord John Russell |
| Preceded by | The Earl Spencer |
| Succeeded by | The Marquess of Exeter |
| In office 15 January 1853 – 21 February 1858 | |
| Monarch | Victoria |
| Prime Minister | The Earl of Aberdeen The Viscount Palmerston |
| Preceded by | The Marquess of Exeter |
| Succeeded by | The Earl De La Warr |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 26 October 1796 Dundee, Angus, Scotland |
| Died | 8 November 1862 (aged 66) Lausanne, Switzerland |
| Political party | Liberal |
| Spouse |
Lady Elizabeth "Eliza" Baillie
(m. 1821; died 1861) |
Background and education
edit
Born at Dundee, Angus, Breadalbane was the son of Lieutenant-General John Campbell, 1st Marquess of Breadalbane, and Mary, daughter of David Gavin. He was educated at Eton.
Political career
edit
Breadalbane sat as Member of Parliament for Okehampton from 1820 to 1826[2] and for Perthshire from 1832 to 1834.[3] The latter year he succeeded his father as second Marquess of Breadalbane and entered the House of Lords. In 1848 he was sworn of the Privy Council[4] and appointed Lord Chamberlain of the Household[5] by Lord John Russell, a post he held until the government fell in 1852.[6] He held the same office under Lord Aberdeen between 1853[7] and 1855 and under Lord Palmerston between 1855 and 1858.[8]
Other public appointments
editA freemason, Breadalbane was Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Scotland between 1824 and 1826. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1834[9] and made a Knight of the Thistle in 1838.[10] The following year he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Argyllshire (and Colonel of the Argyll and Bute Militia),[11] a post he held until his death.[12] In 1842 he entertained Queen Victoria and the Prince Consort at Taymouth Castle.
He was a supporter of the Free Church of Scotland during the Disruption of 1843.[13]
Breadalbane was also Rector of the University of Glasgow between 1840 and 1842[13] and of Marischal College, Aberdeen, between 1843 and 1845, President of the Society of Antiquaries between 1844 and 1862 and Governor of the Bank of Scotland between 1861 and 1862. In 1861 he was sent on a special diplomatic mission to Berlin for the investiture of King William I in the Order of the Garter.[14] He was appointed a Knight of the Order of the Black Eagle of Prussia at the same time.
Personal life
editLord Breadalbane married Elizabeth Baillie ("Eliza") (born 29 June 1803, daughter of George Baillie and his wife Mary - daughter of Sir James Pringle - and sister of George Baillie-Hamilton, 10th Earl of Haddington) on 29 June 1821. They had no children. She was a Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Victoria from January to July 1839. She died in Park Lane, London, on 28 August 1861, aged 58.[15] Lord Breadalbane survived her by just over a year and died at Lausanne, Switzerland, on 8 November 1862, aged 66. On his death the barony of Breadalbane, earldom of Ormelie and marquessate of Breadalbane became extinct. He was succeeded in the lordship of Glenorchy, viscountcy of Tay and Paintland and earldom of Breadalbane and Holland by his distant relative and namesake, John Campbell. The marquessate was revived in favour of the latter's son in 1885.
Lord Breadalbane's sister Mary Campbell married Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos in 1819, with Richard inheriting the Dukedom in 1839. Breadalbane's and Mary's father the 1st Marquess was a trustee of a marriage settlement made for the union at the time of the wedding.
Included in the settlement, was an interest in the Hope Plantation in St. Andrew, Jamaica, which had come down from Anne the Duchess of Chandos,[16] the wife of the 3rd Duke of Chandos from the previous century. In the aftermath of the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 with the Slave Compensation Act 1837, Mary's father-in-law, the 1st Duke of Buckingham and Chandos made a claim for compensation, "T71/865 St Andrew claim no. 114", comprising 379 slaves in Jamaica. The claim was denied, as the ownership was determined to be part of the marriage settlement, but a £6,630 payment was awarded to the 1st Marquess of Breadalbane and Hon. George Neville Grenville as joint Trustees,[17] at the time (worth £794,766 in 2024[18]).[19] However, the papers note that the 1st Marquess had passed away in 1834, two years before the award was made, and so it is concluded that the 2nd Marquess was the awardee, though it is possible that the identity of the trustee was confused.[20] However executed, the beneficiary of the payment was the 2nd Marquess' nephew, the 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, when the latter came into his inheritance.
References
editCitations
edit- ^ . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
- ^ "leighrayment.com House of Commons: Ochil to Oxford University". Archived from the original on 16 August 2011. Retrieved 28 October 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "leighrayment.com House of Commons: Paddington to Platting". Archived from the original on 31 December 2010. Retrieved 28 October 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "No. 20895". The London Gazette. 8 September 1848. p. 3312.
- ^ "No. 20894". The London Gazette. 5 September 1848. p. 3275.
- ^ "No. 21297". The London Gazette. 2 March 1852. p. 670.
- ^ "No. 21403". The London Gazette. 18 January 1853. p. 137.
- ^ "No. 22106". The London Gazette. 2 March 1858. p. 1207.
- ^ royalsociety.org Campbell; John (1796–1862); 2nd Marquess of Breadalbane
- ^ leighrayment.com Knights of the Thistle[usurped]
- ^ "No. 19801". The London Gazette. 6 December 1839. p. 2564.
- ^ leighrayment.com Peerage: Bradwell to Broxmouth[usurped]
- ^ a b universitystory.gla.ac Biography of John Campbell 2nd Marquess of Breadalbane
- ^ "No. 22489". The London Gazette. 14 March 1861. p. 1193.
- ^ George E. Cokayne; Howard de Walden; Thomas Evelyn Scott-Elis; Duncan Warrand; Vicary Gibbs; H. Arthur Doubleday; Geoffrey H. White (1912). The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom : extant, extinct, or dormant. Vol. 2. The St. Catherine Press.
- ^ "Hope Estate Jamaica, St Andrew - ESTATE DETAILS - Associated People". University College London. Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
- ^ "Jamaica St Andrew 114 (Hope Estate) Claim Details, Associated Individuals and Estates 25th Jul 1836". University College London. Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
- ^ UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
- ^ "John Campbell, 2nd Marquis of Breadalbane". University College London. Retrieved on 20 March 2019.
- ^ "John Campbell, 2nd Marquis of Breadalbane Profile & Legacies Summary". University College London. Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
Sources
edit- Blaikie, William Garden (1886). "Campbell, John (1796-1862)". In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 8. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. - Buchanan, Robert (1854a). The ten years' conflict : being the history of the disruption of the Church of Scotland. Vol. 1. Glasgow; Edinburgh; London; New York: Blackie and Son.
- Buchanan, Robert (1854b). The ten years' conflict : being the history of the disruption of the Church of Scotland. Vol. 2. Glasgow; Edinburgh; London; New York: Blackie and Son.
- Wylie, James Aitken, ed. (1881). Disruption worthies : a memorial of 1843, with an historical sketch of the free church of Scotland from 1843 down to the present time. Edinburgh: T. C. Jack. pp. 53–58. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
