Rubus ulmifolius is a species of wild blackberry known by the English common name elmleaf blackberry or thornless blackberry and the Spanish common name zarzamora. It is native to Europe and North Africa, and has also become naturalized in parts of the United States (especially California), Australia, and southern South America.
| Rubus ulmifolius | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Rosaceae |
| Genus: | Rubus |
| Species: | R. ulmifolius
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| Binomial name | |
| Rubus ulmifolius Schott 1818
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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List
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Description
editRubus ulmifolius is a brambly shrub sometimes as much as 5 meters (almost 17 feet) tall, sometimes with spines but not always. Leaves are palmately compound with 3 or 5 leaflets, the leaflets green on the upper surface but white on the underside because of a dense layer of woolly hairs. Flowers are usually pink, sometimes white. The fruit is a compound drupe, dark purple, almost black.[2]
Reproduction
editRubus ulmifolius is unique among subgenus Rubus in displaying normal sexual reproduction; all other species are facultative apomicts.[3]
Distribution and habitat
editRubus ulmifolius is found in its native range across Western Europe, from the Netherlands south to Spain and Portugal, in Britain and Ireland, as well as NW Africa. It is naturalised in North America, South America, Australasia[4][5][2][6][7][8][9][10][11] and South Africa.[citation needed] In Britain and Ireland it is a plant of hedges and woodland edges on calcareous soils.[3]
Subspecies
editRubus sanctus is often considered to be a subspecies of R. ulmifolius.
References
edit- ^ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Retrieved February 5, 2014.
- ^ a b "Rubus ulmifolius in Flora of North America @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org.
- ^ a b Edees, E.S., Newton, A. and Kent, D.H., 1988. Brambles of the British Isles. Ray Society.
- ^ "Rubus ulmifolius". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
- ^ Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk
- ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, Rubus ulmifolius Schott includes photos and European distribution map
- ^ "Rubus ulmifolius Calflora". www.calflora.org.
- ^ Troncoso, N. S. 1987. Piperaceae, Polygonaceae (Coccoloba, Muehlenbeckia, Ruprechtia, Emex), Aizoaceae, Molluginaceae, Basellaceae, Berberidaceae, Annonaceae, Menispermaceae, Capparaceae, Rosaceae. 3: 2–6,. In A. E. Burkart (ed.) Flora Ilustrada de Entre Ríos (Argentina). Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires
- ^ Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. 1985. Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Gayana, Botánica 42: 1–157
- ^ "Atlas of Living Australia".
- ^ Tela Botanica in French with photos
External links
edit
Media related to Rubus ulmifolius at Wikimedia Commons- Rubus ulmifolius in the CalPhotos photo database, University of California, Berkeley
- "Jepson Manual, University of California".
- "Rubus ulmifolius". Plants for a Future.
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