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Embassy of Russia, Lima

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The Embassy of the Russian Federation in Lima is the official diplomatic mission of Russia to the Republic of Peru. It served as the embassy of the Soviet Union from its inauguration until the country's dissolution in 1991.

Embassy of Russia, Lima
The embassy in 2013
Map
LocationSan Isidro District, Lima, Peru
AddressAv. Salaverry 3424
Openingc. 1970 (1970)
WebsiteOfficial website

History

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Background

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Peru and the Russian Empire first established bilateral relations on May 16, 1874.[1][2] Said relations were handled by the Peruvian Minister Plenipotentiary, based in the legation in Saint Petersburg and also accredited to Germany.[3] With the execution of the Romanov family and the downfall of the Russian Republic as a result of the Russian Civil War, both countries ceased to have any diplomatic relations in 1918.[3]

Soviet Embassy (1970–1991)

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After the establishment of the United Nations and the establishment of a Peruvian seat of honor in 1942, then president Manuel Prado Ugarteche personally refused to host a Soviet diplomatic mission in Lima, also refusing to send an ambassador to the Soviet Union.[4] Only after the coup that deposed Fernando Belaúnde and allowed Juan Velasco Alvarado to establish his so-called revolutionary government were relations reestablished at an embassy level in 1969, alongside other socialist countries.[5][3][6]

With relations reestablished, the Soviet government bought a manor in Orrantia Del Mar, a borough of the upper-class San Isidro district that originally belonged to Anita Fernandini de Naranjo and would eventually become the embassy in 1970.[7][8][9]

In 1975, after Alvarado announced the Plan Inca, a rationing plan in line with the government's attempts at implementing socialist policies, a unique type of protests took place outside of the embassy, as several cars with covered license plates drove by the building, with their occupants hurling rocks at the embassy and driving away.[10]

With the internal conflict between the Peruvian government and leftist guerrillas beginning in 1980, both the Soviet Embassy and Soviet citizens became targets of these terror groups. Because Soviet–Peruvian relations had strengthened after Mikhail Gorbachev's rise to power, guerrillas such as the Shining Path attacked the embassy several times due to the former's support of the latter against the group.[11][12] In 1985, the embassy was bombed alongside the Chinese and U.S. embassies,[13][14] and the following year, Shining Path terrorists almost bombed the building from the inside.[12][15] The embassy was again bombed in October 1989,[16] being preceded by a car bomb attack that targeted Soviet sailors in Callao.[11]

Russian Embassy (1991–present)

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With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Peru recognised the Russian Federation as its successor state on 26 December 1991,[5][17] with the embassy now representing the new Russian state.[8][9]

In February 2022, after the Russian invasion of Ukraine, protests were held in front of the embassy by both locals and Ukrainian residents in Lima.[18][19]

Cultural Centre

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The Russian–Peruvian Cultural Centre (Spanish: Asociación Cultural Peruano Rusa), formerly the Soviet–Peruvian Cultural Centre (Spanish: Asociación Cultural Peruano Soviética)[20] until 1991, is the embassy's cultural centre, located at the Casa Rusa, located at the intersection of General Santa Cruz Avenue and Jirón Mayta Cápac, which runs parallel to Salaverry Avenue. It operates under the Rossotrudnichestvo agency, having originally operated under the SSOD of the Soviet Union.[21]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Archivos antiguos demuestran que relaciones entre Rusia y Perú iniciaron en 1863". Peru21. 2018-02-06. Retrieved 2021-09-05.
  2. ^ "Hallan documentos que prueban antigüedad de las relaciones diplomáticas entre el Perú y Rusia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Peru. 2018-02-05.
  3. ^ a b c Garcés Avalos, Galo; Vallejo Bulnes, Rafael (2020). Las relaciones entre el Perú y el Imperio ruso a la luz de los archivos diplomáticos (1860-1917). Agenda Internacional.
  4. ^ Resoluciones contra la Infiltración Soviética en América (in Spanish). Congreso Continental Anticomunista. 1957. p. 19.
  5. ^ a b "РОССИЯ-ПЕРУ: СТРАНИЦЫ ИСТОРИИ" (in Russian). Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia). Retrieved 5 January 2020.
  6. ^ Adins, Sebastien (2019). Las relaciones entre el Perú y Rusia (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, PUCP. ISBN 978-9972-671-59-3.
  7. ^ "Soviet Embassy Is Lavish". New York Times. 1970-04-17. LIMA, Peru (AP)—The Soviet Government has bought a majestic estate at suburban Orrantia Del Mar for $400,000 to use as its Lima embassy, a Russian official announced.
  8. ^ a b "Anita Fernandini se hizo conocida como una beata interesada". Caretas (2147): 40. 2010. Vivió en su mansión miraflorina durante muchos años para luego mudarse a un caserón en la Av. Salaverry (luego éste sería la sede de la Embajada Soviética, hoy sede de la Embajada de la Federación Rusa en Perú).
  9. ^ a b Pino, David (2010-09-17). "Personajes de Lima: Anita Fernandini, la primera alcaldesa de Lima". Lima la Única.
  10. ^ United States and Chile During the Allende Years, 1970-1973 (in Spanish). U.S. Government Printing Office. 1975. p. 466.
  11. ^ a b "33 Soviet Sailors Injured in Peru Bus Bombing". Los Angeles Times. 1989-07-06.
  12. ^ a b "Terrorista muerto en un ataque a la Embajada soviética en Lima". El País. 1986-07-08.
  13. ^ "Lethal Terrorist Actions Against Americans 1973–1985" (PDF). Bureau of Diplomatic Security. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
  14. ^ "Police round up 3,500 after Lima bomb blitz". The Globe and Mail. Associated Press. May 18, 1985. p. 13.
  15. ^ "One Peru Gunman Slain In Soviet Embassy Raid". New York Times. 1986-07-09.
  16. ^ Patterns of Global Terrorism (in Spanish). U.S. Department of State. 1990. p. 34.
  17. ^ Tereshkova, Eugenia (2019-08-29). "Ahora puedes descubrir la historia de las relaciones ruso-peruanas con fotos y cartas". Russia Beyond.
  18. ^ "Protestas frente a Embajada de Rusia en Lima contra la invasión a Ucrania". Gestión. 2022-02-25.
  19. ^ "San Isidro: ciudadanos protestan frente a Embajada de Rusia en Lima por invasión a Ucrania". El Comercio. 2022-02-25.
  20. ^ Espinoza M., Gustavo (2015-08-14). "Perú. Dos hombres en la historia". La Mula.
  21. ^ "La Casa Rusa en Lima". Embajada de la Federación de Rusia en la República del Perú.
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