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Hydrophis

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Hydrophis is a genus of sea snakes, venomous snakes in the subfamily Hydrophiinae of the family Elapidae. Species in the genus Hydrophis are typically found in Indo-Australian and Southeast Asian waters. Currently, around 36 species are recognized as being valid.[1]

Hydrophis
Annulated sea snake, H. cyanocinctus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Elapidae
Subfamily: Hydrophiinae
Genus: Hydrophis
Latreille In Sonnini & Latreille, 1801
Type species
Hydrophis platurus
Linnaeus, 1766
Species

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Synonyms

Disteira Lacépède, 1804

Systematics and classification

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There are more than 30 recognized species in the genus.[1]

Species Authority Subsp.* Common name Geographic range
H. annandalei (Laidlaw, 1901) 0 bighead sea snake, Annandale's sea snake Indian Ocean
H. anomalus Schmidt, 1852 0 anomalous sea snake South Chinese Sea, Indian Ocean
H. atriceps Günther, 1864 0 black-headed sea snake
H. belcheri (Gray, 1849) 0 Belcher's sea snake Queensland and New Territories, Australia
H. bituberculatus W. Peters, 1873 0 Peters' sea snake Indian Ocean (Sri Lanka, Thailand)
H. brookii Günther, 1872 0 Brooke's sea snake
H. caerulescens (Shaw, 1802) 2 dwarf sea snake Queensland, Australia
H. cantoris Günther, 1864 0 Cantor's narrow-headed sea snake, Cantor's small-headed sea snake
H. coggeri (Kharin, 1984) 0 slender-necked sea snake, Cogger's sea snake[2] Western Australia
H. curtus (Shaw, 1802) 0 Shaw's sea snake, short sea snake, Hardwicke's sea snake, spine-bellied sea snake
H. cyanocinctus Daudin, 1803 0 annulated sea snake, blue-banded sea snake
H. czeblukovi (Kharin, 1984) 0 fine-spined sea snake
H. donaldi[3] Ukuwela, K. Sanders
& B. Fry, 2012 		rough-scaled sea snake Northern Australia
H. elegans (Gray, 1842) 0 elegant sea snake
H. fasciatus (Schneider, 1799) 0 striped sea snake
H. hardwickii (Gray, 1834) 0 Hardwicke's spine-bellied sea snake
H. inornatus (Gray, 1849) 0 plain sea snake Western Australia
H. jerdonii (Gray, 1849) 2 Jerdon's sea snake Indian Ocean
H. kingii Boulenger, 1896 0 King's sea snake
H. klossi Boulenger, 1912 0 Kloss' sea snake
H. laboutei A. Rasmussen & Ineich, 2000 0 Laboute's sea snake[2] New Caledonia
H. lamberti M.A. Smith, 1917 0 Lambert's sea snake
H. lapemoides (Gray, 1849) 0 Persian Gulf sea snake
H. macdowelli Kharin, 1983 0 small-headed sea snake, McDowell's sea snake Western Australia
H. major (Shaw, 1802) 0 greater sea snake, olive-headed sea snake
H. mamillaris (Daudin, 1803) 0 Bombay sea snake
H. melanocephalus Gray, 1849 0 slender-necked sea snake
H. melanosoma Günther, 1864 0 black-banded robust sea snake
H. nigrocinctus Daudin, 1803 0 black-banded sea snake
H. obscurus Daudin, 1803 0 estuarine sea snake, Russel's sea snake
H. ocellatus (Gray, 1849) 0 spotted sea snake
H. ornatus (Gray, 1842) 4 ornate reef sea snake
H. pacificus Boulenger, 1896 0 large-headed sea snake
H. parviceps M.A. Smith, 1935 0 Smith's small-headed sea snake
H. peronii (A.M.C. Duméril, 1853) 0 Peron's sea snake
H. platurus Linnaeus, 1766 0 yellow-bellied sea snake
H. schistosus Daudin, 1803 0 beaked sea snake Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf to Pacific Ocean[4][5]
H. semperi Garman, 1881 0 Lake Taal snake, Garman's sea snake, Philippine freshwater sea snake, Luzon sea snake
H. sibauensis A. Rasmussen, Auliya
& W. Böhme, 2001 		0 Kalimantan sea snake
H. spiralis (Shaw, 1802) 0 yellow sea snake
H. stokesii (Gray, 1846) 0 Stokes' sea snake, Stokes's sea snake
H. stricticollis Günther, 1864 0 collared sea snake
H. torquatus Günther, 1864 2 west coast black-headed sea snake
H. viperinus Schmidt, 1852 0 viperine sea snake Persian Gulf and Western Indian Ocean to Western Pacific Ocean[6]
H. vorisi Kharin, 1984 0 estuarine sea snake Torres Strait, Queensland
H. zweifeli (Kharin, 1985) 0 Sepik beaked sea snake, Zweifel’s beaked sea snake

[7] *) Not including the nominate subspecies (typical form).

Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Hydrophis.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "Hydrophis". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 7 September 2007.
  2. ^ a b Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Hydrophis coggeri, p. 56; H. laboutei, p. 149).
  3. ^ "Spiny, Venomous New Sea Snake Discovered—"Something Special"". Archived from the original on March 4, 2012. Retrieved March 6, 2012.
  4. ^ Rasmussen, A. (15 February 2009). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Hydrophis schistosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  5. ^ "Hydrophis schistosus".
  6. ^ Rasmussen, A. (15 February 2009). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Hydrophis viperinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  7. ^ "The Reptiles of Australia, Marine snakes". Archived from the original on 2010-06-16. Retrieved 2010-02-19. (downloaded Feb. 18,2010.)

Further reading

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