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List of equipment of the Syrian Army

(Redirected from Equipment of the Syrian Army)

This is an inventory of military equipment of the Syrian Arab Army.[1] The organization and military doctrine of the Syrian Armed Forces followed a mix of French and Western influences as the Soviet Union closely guarded its operational principles and never shared them with client states. The Syrian Arab Army has traditionally relied on the Russian Federation and its predecessor the Soviet Union as its main supplier of military equipment. As a result of the Syrian Civil War, many vehicles and much heavy equipment has been destroyed or captured, with some stores being partially replenished from Russian stocks. Accurate numbers for equipment in the Army's inventory are difficult to ascertain. The numbers listed below should be regarded as optimistic estimates. Some armored vehicles were lost in past decades without being accounted for, while many others were not operational (or even beyond repair) at the start of the Syrian Civil War due to being in long-term storage with minimal or no maintenance. Given these factors, it has been estimated that more realistic estimates would be about 33% lower than what is listed below.[2]

Individual equipment

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Name Photo Origin Type Quantity Notes
Camouflage & Uniforms
Lizard     France Combat uniform N/A Former standard combat uniform of Syrian Army during the 1960s and 1970s.[3]
DPM pattern     United Kingdom Combat uniform N/A Locally made copy.[4]
ERDL pattern     United States Combat uniform N/A Standard combat uniform for the Syrian Army since the 1990s. Locally produced as the Leaf Pattern. Used as main camouflage pattern during the Syrian civil war.[4]
M81 Woodland     United States Combat uniform N/A Locally made copy.[4] Standard combat uniform for the Syrian Army since 2005.
EMR Desert     Russia Combat uniform N/A Delivered by Russia since 2023. Used by Republican Guard and special forces.[5][6]
MultiCam     Russia Combat uniform N/A Delivered by Russia since 2023. Used by 25th SMF Division.[7]
Helmets
JK 96 helmet
 
   China Combat helmet N/A Standard combat helmet.[8]
Advanced Combat Helmet
 
   Iran Combat helmet N/A Iran made copy. Used by Republican Guard and special forces.[9]
FAST
 
   United States
  Russia		 Combat helmet N/A Russian LShZ 1+ variant. Used by Republican Guard and special forces.[10]
6B7
 
   Russia Combat helmet N/A Supplied by Russia since 2015.
6B47
 
   Russia Combat helmet N/A Some units of the Syrian Army were equipped with Ratnik since 2016.[11][12]
SSh-60     Soviet Union Combat helmet N/A For the reserve forces.[13]
SSh-68     Soviet Union Combat helmet N/A For the reserve forces.[14]
Hełm wz. 50     Polish People's Republic Combat helmet N/A Possibly in storage.[15]
Hełm wz. 67     Polish People's Republic Combat helmet N/A For the reserve forces.[16]
Protective gear
TAT-BA-7     China Ballistic vest N/A China/Syria made copy. Standard issue for regular infantry.
Ruyin-3     Iran Ballistic vest N/A Used by Republican Guard and special forces.[17]
6B45[18]
 
   Russia Ballistic vest N/A Supplied by Russia.[11]
6B46
 
   Russia Plate carrier N/A Supplied by Russia.[11]
6Sh117
 
   Russia Load-bearing vest N/A Supplied by Russia.[11]
Protection against chemical contamination
GP-5 gas mask     Soviet Union Gas mask N/A
PMK gas mask
 
   Soviet Union Gas mask N/A
PMK-4
 
   Russia Gas mask N/A

Pistols

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Name Photo Origin Cartridge Notes
Makarov PM     Soviet Union 9×18mm Makarov 8-round magazine. Main service pistol of the Syrian Army. 65,000 units.
PB Besshumnyy     Soviet Union 9×18mm Makarov 8-round magazine.
Tokarev TT-33     Soviet Union 7.62×25mm Tokarev 8-round magazine.
Stechkin-APS     Soviet Union 9×18mm Makarov 20-round detachable magazine.
GSh-18     Russia 9×19mm Parabellum 18-round detachable magazine. Used by Syrian Armed Forces and Police. 12,000 units.
MP-446 Viking     Russia 9×19mm Parabellum 18-round magazine. Used by the 25th Special Mission Forces Division. 23,000 units.[19][20]
Browning Hi-Power     Belgium 9×19mm Parabellum 13-round magazine. Main Syrian Police service pistol.
Girsan Regard Compact     Turkey 9x19mm Parabellum 15-round magazine. Copy of the Beretta 92F. Brought from Turkey before 2011.[21]

Carbines

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Name Photo Origin Cartridge Notes
AKS-74U     Soviet Union 5.45×39mm M74 30-round magazine. Main service carbine.[22]
9A-91     Russia 9×39mm 20-round magazine. Moderate usage by the Syrian Army.[23] Seen during the Rif Dimashq offensive (March–August 2013) in Qaboun.
AK-104     Russia 7.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine. With the arrival of Russian military advisors in late 2015, some Syrian Army and Police units were equipped with AK-104s attached telescopic sights.[24]
AK-105     Russia 5.45×39mm 30-round magazine. Used by some Syrian special forces.[25]
Fajr 224     Iran 5.56×45mm 30-round detachable STANAG magazine. Iranian copy of the M4 carbine. Used by the Syrian Special Mission Forces.[26]

Battle rifles

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Name Photo Origin Cartridge Notes
SKS     Soviet Union 7.62×39mm M43 Used by the Syrian honour guard for ceremonial purposes.[27]
MAS-36[28]     France 7.5×54mm French In storage. Used by the Syrian honour guard for ceremonial purposes.
FN FAL[29]     Belgium 7.62×51mm NATO 20 or 30-round detachable box magazine.

Assault rifles

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Name Photo Origin Cartridge Notes
AKM / AKMS  
  		  Soviet Union 7.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine, main service rifle. 75,000-80,000 units.
Type 56     People's Republic of China 7.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine, used mostly by National Defence Force. 12,000 units.[30]
AK-47[31]     Soviet Union 7.62×39mm M43/M67 30-round magazine, used mostly by National Defence Force.
AK-74
AKS-74		  
 		   Soviet Union 5.45×39mm 30-round magazine, moderate usage. Most of them given to the Syrian Army by Russian forces.[22]
AK-74M

 
 

  Russia 5.45×39mm M74 30-round magazine, widely used by Airborne Special Forces and regular military units.[32][33] Also AK-74M UUK variant.[34]
AK-103     Russia 7.62×39mm 30-round detachable box magazine. Captured from rebels, used by the Syrian Army.[32][35]
AK-9     Russia 9×39mm 20-round detachable box magazine. Used by the Syrian Army and Police.
AK-12     Russia 5.45×39mm 30-round detachable box magazine. Supplied by Russia in 2023. Used by 25th SMF Division.[36]
Type 58 / Type 68     North Korea
  Syria		 7.62×39mm 30-round magazine. Supplied by North Korea before the war.[37] Produced under license in Syria by EID.[38][39]
Type 81     People's Republic of China 7.62×39mm 30-round magazine, captured from militants.[40]
Norinco CQ     People's Republic of China 5.56×45mm NATO 30-round box magazine, captured from militants.[41] Including Iranian Sayyad 5.56 variant.[42]
Zastava M70     Yugoslavia 7.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine, moderate usage by Syrian Army.
MPi-KM[43]     East Germany 7.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine, moderate usage by Syrian Army.
PM md. 63[43]     Socialist Republic of Romania 7.62×39mm 30-round detachable box magazine.
FB Tantal     Polish People's Republic 5.45×39mm 30-round detachable box magazine. Limited usage, captured from rebels.[44]
Sa vz. 58[43]     Czechoslovakia 7.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine.
AK-63[43]     People's Republic of Hungary 7.62×39mm 10, 20 or 30-round magazine. Captured from militants.
AMD 65[45]     People's Republic of Hungary 7.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine.
VHS     Croatia 5.56×45mm NATO 30-round magazine. Supplied by Iraq in 2013.[46]
FAMAS     France 5.56×45mm NATO 25-round detachable box magazine. FAMAS F1 variant. Moderate usage by Syrian Army.[47]
M16A1
M16A2 		 
  		  United States 5.56×45mm NATO 20, 30, 40-round detachable box magazine. Captured from dead militants and in one instance defecting fighters.[48] Moderate usage. Used by special forces.[49][50]

Sniper rifles

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Name Photo Type Origin Cartridge Notes
Dragunov SVD[51]   Sniper rifle   Soviet Union
  Russia		 7.62×54mmR 10-round magazine, main sniper rifle. SVDS supplied by Russia in 2023.[52][53]
PSL   Sniper rifle   Socialist Republic of Romania 7.62×54mmR 10-round magazine.
Zastava M91   Sniper rifle   Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 7.62×54mmR 10-round magazine. Captured from the Syrian Democratic Forces.
Zastava M93[54]   Anti-material rifle   Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 12.7×108mm 10-round magazine.
Steyr SSG 69[29]   Bolt action sniper rifle   Austria 7.62×51mm NATO 5-round magazine.
AWM   Bolt action sniper rifle   United Kingdom .338 Lapua Magnum 5-round box magazine. Supplied by Russia in 2015. Used by special forces.[55]
AWSM   Bolt action sniper rifle   United Kingdom .338 Lapua Magnum 5-round detachable box magazine. Supplied by Russia in 2015. Used by special forces.[56]
Orsis T-5000   Bolt action sniper rifle   Russia 7.62×51mm NATO 5-round magazine. In late 2015, Russia supplied the Syrian Army with the Orsis T-5000.[57]
MTs-116M   Bolt action sniper rifle   Russia 7.62×54mmR 5- to 10-round magazine. Used by Syrian Republican Guard[58][59]
SV-98   Bolt action sniper rifle   Russia 7.62×51mm NATO 10-round magazine. Used by Syrian Republican Guard and 25th SMF Division.[60]
ASVK   Anti-material rifle   Russia 12.7×108mm 10-round detachable box magazine, moderate usage.[61][62]
OSV-96   Anti-material rifle   Russia 12.7×108mm 5-round magazine. Used by Syrian Republican Guard.[63]
VSS Vintorez

 

Designated marksman rifle   Soviet Union 9x39mm 10 or 20-round detachable box magazine. Used by the Syrian Army and NDF.[64]
VSK-94   Designated marksman rifle   Russia 9x39mm 20-round detachable box magazine. Used by Syrian Republican Guard and special forces.[65]
Heckler & Koch G3

 

Designated marksman rifle   Germany 7.62×51mm NATO 10, 20 or 40-round detachable box magazine. G3A3 and G3A4 variants. Used by Syrian Republican Guard.[66]
FN FAL

 

Designated marksman rifle   Belgium .308 Winchester 20 or 30-round detachable box magazine. 12,000 rifles were bought in 1957.[67] Syria produced 7.62×51mm cartridges[67] and acquired FALs from other sources.[67] Standard designated marksman rifle of SAA.[66]
Tabuk Sniper Rifle[68]
   Designated marksman rifle   Iraq 7.62×39mmR 30-round box magazine. Supplied by Iraq.
Zijiang M99 Anti-material rifle   People's Republic of China 12.7 × 108 mm Semi-automatic. 5-round box magazine. Moderate usage.[69] Captured from rebel groups.[70]
Sayyad-2   Anti-material rifle   Austria
  Iran		 .50 BMG Single shot bolt-action. Copy of Austrian HS .50. Supplied by Iran.
Golan S-01   Anti-material rifle   Syria 12.7×108mm Single shot bolt-action. Copy of Austrian HS .50. In service with Syrian Army and special forces.[66]
By 2018, Syria start to produce it under the Golan S0-1 name.[71] CERS has upgraded the Syrian produced Golan S-01 in 2023.[72] New model Golan S-01 Mk.2 introduced a new stock, box magazine, and scope.

Shotguns

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Name Photo Origin Cartridge Notes
Vepr-12     Russia 12 Gauge 20- or 25-round detachable drum magazine. VPO-205-03 variant. Supplied by Russia.[73]

Light machine guns

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Name Photo Origin Cartridge Notes
RPK     Soviet Union 7.62×39mm M43 40-round or 75-round magazine. Main service LMG of the Syrian Army.
RPD     Soviet Union 7.62×39mm M43 100-round drum magazine, former main service LMG.
Type 73[74]     North Korea 7.62×54mmR 40-round magazine. Supplied by North Korea and Iraq.[75]
FN Minimi     Belgium 5.56×45mm 100 or 200-round belt. Rare, captured from dead militants.[76]

Medium machine guns

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Name Photo Origin Cartridge Notes
DS-39 Degtyaryov     Soviet Union 7.62×54mmR 250-round belt. Limited service, mostly in reserve.
SG-43 Goryunov     Soviet Union 7.62×54mmR 200 or 250-round belts. Limited service, most common variant SGMT is mounted on T-55 tanks.[77]

Heavy machine guns

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Name Photo Origin Cartridge Notes
NSV     Soviet Union 12.7×108mm 50-round belt, main service HMG of the SAA.[78]
DShKM     Soviet Union 12.7x108mm 50-round belt, moderate usage.
KPV     Soviet Union 14.5×114mm 40-round belt, moderate usage.
Kord     Russia 12.7×108mm 50-round belt, limited usage, mostly used by the Republican Guard and Syrian Police.[61]
W85     China 12.7×108mm 60-round belt, moderate usage.[79]

General-purpose machine guns

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Name Photo Origin Cartridge Notes
PKM     Soviet Union 7.62×54mmR 100-round magazine, main service machine gun of the Syrian Army.
Pecheneg machine gun[80][81]     Russia 7.62×54mmR 100 and 200-round belt magazine. SP and Bullpup variants. Used by Republican Guard and special forces.[82] Moderate usage by regular units.
Type 67     People's Republic of China 7.62×54mmR 100 and 250-round belt. Limited usage.[83][84]
Type 80     People's Republic of China 7.62×54mmR 100-round magazine. Moderate usage.
M240B
 
   United States 7.62×51mm NATO Extremely rare. 2 were captured from defecting Maghawir Thawra fighters.[48][85]

Submachine guns

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Name Photo Origin Cartridge Notes
MAT-49     France 9×19mm Parabellum 20-round magazine, main service SMG of the SAA.
Sa vz. 23[86]     Czechoslovakia 7.62×25mm Tokarev 24- or 40- round magazine. Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.
FB PM-63     Polish People's Republic 9×19mm Parabellum 25-round magazine. Supplied by Poland before 1989.[87]
PP-19 Vityaz     Russia 9×19mm Parabellum 30-round box magazine. Supplied by Russia.[88]

Grenades

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Name Photo Type Origin Diameter Notes
F-1   Hand grenade   Soviet Union 55 mm 4-meter kill radius, 3.5- to 4-second fuse.
RGD-5   Hand grenade   Soviet Union 58 mm Propels ~350 fragments, 5-meter kill radius, 3.2- to 4-second fuse.
RGN   Hand grenade   Soviet Union 60 mm 4 meter kill radius, 3.8-second fuse.
RGO   Hand grenade   Soviet Union 60 mm 6 meter kill radius, 3.8-second fuse.
RPG-43   Anti-tank grenade   Soviet Union 95 mm 75 mm RHA penetration, hard impact activates impact fuse.
RKG-3   Anti-tank grenade   Soviet Union 170 mm RHA penetration, impact fuse.

Grenade launchers

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Name Photo Type Origin Cartridge Notes
GP-25/GP-30M/GP-34[32]   Grenade launcher   Soviet Union 40x53mm grenade Single shot under-barrel grenade launcher.
AGS-17   Automatic grenade launcher   Soviet Union 30×29mm grenade Belt fed with 29-round drums, high rate of fire. Seen in use by the Syrian Republican Guard.[89]
RG-6 grenade launcher   Automatic grenade launcher   Russia 40x53mm grenade (GP-25) Belt fed with 6-round drums. Seen in use by the Syrian Republican Guard and special forces.
QLZ-87 grenade launcher   Automatic grenade launcher   People's Republic of China 35×32mmSR grenade 6- or 15-round drum magazine. Supplied by China.[90] Used by the special forces.

Flamethrowers

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Name Photo Type Origin Cartridge Notes
LPO-50   Flamethrower   Soviet Union 3 x 14.5mm nozzles Maximum firing range 70m. Upgraded by Syria.[91]

Mines

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Name Photo Type Origin Detonation Notes
PMN mine[92]   Anti-personnel mine   Soviet Union Pressure ~240g TNT, anti-personnel blast mine.
PMD series mines   Anti-personnel mine   Soviet Union Pressure Wooden box with a slot and detonator.
TM-35 mine   Anti-tank mine   Soviet Union Pressure 2.8 kg of TNT.
TM-38 mine   Anti-tank mine   Soviet Union Pressure Detonates when there is 440 lbs of pressure.
TM-41 mine   Anti-tank mine   Soviet Union Pressure 3.9 kg of Amatol or TNT, short cylinder with the entire top surface being used as a pressure plate.
TM-44 mine   Anti-tank mine   Soviet Union Pressure 5.4 kg of Amatol, broadly similar to the earlier, smaller, TM-41 mine.
TM-46 mine   Anti-tank mine   Soviet Union Pressure 5.7 kg of TNT.
TM-57 mine   Anti-tank mine   Soviet Union Pressure 6.3 kg of TNT.
TM-62 series of mines   Anti-tank mine   Soviet Union Pressure 7.5 kg of TNT.
TM-72 mine   Anti-tank mine   Russia Magnetic influence fuse 100 mm RHA penetration, cylindrical metal-cased anti-tank mine.
TM-83 mine   Anti-tank mine   Russia Seismic sensors 9.6 kg of TNT.
TM-89 mine Anti-tank mine   Russia Seismic sensors 6.7 kg of TNT.
TMA-3 mine   Anti-tank mine   Yugoslavia Pressure 6.5 kg of TNT.
TMA-4 mine   Anti-tank mine   Yugoslavia Pressure 5.5 kg of TNT.
TMA-5 mine   Anti-tank mine   Yugoslavia Pressure 5.5 kg of TNT.
M18A2[93] Anti-personnel mine   Iran Pressure 2.7 kg TNT, directional anti-personnel blast mine.

Anti-tank

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Name Photo Type Origin Caliber Quantity Notes
RPG-2   Recoilless rifle   Soviet Union 82mm PG-2 (82 mm) ammunition.
RPG-7   Rocket-propelled grenade   Soviet Union 40mm Ammunition: PG-7V (85 mm) PG-7VL (93 mm) PG-7VR (64/105 mm) OG-7V (40 mm).
RPG-18   Disposable rocket-propelled grenade   Soviet Union 64mm 64 mm PG-18 high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) warhead.
RPG-22   Disposable rocket-propelled grenade   Soviet Union 72.5mm Captured from militants.[94]
RPG-26   Disposable rocket-propelled grenade   Soviet Union 72.5mm Supplied by Russia.[95]
RPG-27   Disposable rocket-propelled grenade   Soviet Union 105mm Captured from rebel groups.[96]
RPG-29[97]   Rocket-propelled grenade   Soviet Union 105mm 65 mm & 105 mm ammunition. Russia sold the RPG-29 to Syria between 1991 and 1999.[98]
RPG-30   Rocket-propelled grenade   Russia 105mm Supplied by Russia.[99]
RPG-75   Disposable rocket-propelled grenade   Czechoslovakia 68 mm 68 mm projectile and range 300 m. Caliber 68 mm. Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[100]
MRO-A   Disposable rocket-propelled grenade   Russia 72.5 mm Effective firing range is 90 m (maximum range is 450 m). Supplied by Russia.[101]
RPO-A Shmel[102]   Anti-tank missile launcher   Soviet Union 93 mm 20 m – 1000 m (sighting range is 600 m). RPO-M is 1700 m (sighting range is 800 m). Supplied by Russia after 2015.
SPG-9   Recoilless rifle   Soviet Union 73 mm
B-10[103]   Recoilless rifle   Soviet Union 82 mm
B-11[103]   Recoilless rifle   Soviet Union 107 mm
M40[104]   Recoilless rifle   Iran 106 mm
M79 Osa   Anti-tank rocket launcher   Yugoslavia 90mm Hundreds were captured from rebel groups.[105]
SS.11   Anti-tank missile   France 486
HOT[103]   Anti-tank missile   France
  West Germany 		1000 Supplied by France in 1981.
MILAN   Anti-tank guided missile   France
  West Germany 		~1500[106] Syria ordered about 200 launchers and 4,000 missiles, which were delivered by France in 1978–1979.[107] Additional captured from rebel groups.[108][109]
APILAS   Anti-tank guided missile   France N/A Moderate usage.[108] Captured from militants.[110]
3M6 Shmel (AT-1 Snapper)   Anti-tank missile   Soviet Union 486 Possibly in storage.[1]
3M11 Falanga (AT-2 Swatter)   Anti-tank missile   Soviet Union 200 In storage.
9M14 Malyutka (AT-3 Sagger)   Anti-tank guided missile   Soviet Union 410 Used during the Syrian Civil War.[111]
9K111 Fagot (AT-4 Spigot)   Anti-tank guided missile   Soviet Union 150[1]
9M113 Konkurs (AT-5 Spandrel)   Anti-tank guided missile   Soviet Union 40[1]
9K115 Metis (AT-7 Saxhorn)   Anti-tank guided missile   Soviet Union N/A
9M120 Ataka (AT-9 Spiral-2)   Anti-tank guided missile   Soviet Union N/A Used on the BMPT-72 Terminator 2.
9M117 Bastion (AT-10 Stabber)   Anti-tank guided missile   Soviet Union 800[1] Supplied by Russia. Used on T-55(A)MVs and T-62Ms.[112]
9M119 Svir/Refleks (AT-11 Sniper)   Anti-tank guided missile   Russia N/A 9K120 Svir and 9K119 Refleks variants. Since 2017 used on T-72B3s and T-90s.[113]
9K115-2 Metis-M (AT-13 Saxhorn-2)   Anti-tank guided missile   Russia N/A Supplied by Russia in early 2000s.[98] Presence confirmed by use of looted 9K115-2 systems by rebels.[114]
9M133 Kornet (AT-14 Spriggan)   Anti-tank guided missile   Russia 2500 at least [1] About 1,500 received between 2002 and 2006 from Russia.[115]
9M133M Kornet-EM   Anti-tank guided missile   Russia N/A[1] Supplied by Russia in 2020. Widely used by the Syrian Army.[116]
KM-1M Krasnopol-M2   High precision laser-guided artillery system   Russia 155 mm N/A Supplied by Russia in 2020.[117] Used as Howitzer ammunition.[118]
HJ-8[119]   Anti-tank wire-guided missile   People's Republic of China 120 mm N/A Captured from rebel groups.[108]
RAAD   Anti-tank guided missile   Iran N/A Iranian copy of the 9M14 Malyutka. I-RAAD-T version.[120]
Toophan   Anti-tank guided missile   Iran N/A Iranian copy of the BGM-71 TOW.[121] Multiple variants used.[122]
Saegheh   Anti-tank guided missile   Iran N/A Iranian copy of the M47 Dragon. Saeghe-1, Saeghe-2 variants.[120]
M72 LAW[123]   Anti-tank rocket launcher   United States 66 mm N/A Captured from rebel groups.[124]
BGM-71 TOW   Anti-tank guided missile   United States N/A BGM-71E TOW 2A variant. Captured from rebel groups.[125]

MANPADS

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Name Photo Origin Quantity Notes
9K32 Strela-2 (SA-7)     Soviet Union 4,000+[1]
9K34 Strela-3 (SA-14)     Soviet Union 100[1]
9K38 Igla-1 (SA-16)     Soviet Union N/A[126]
9K38 Igla (SA-18)     Russia N/A[1] Delivered by Russia.
9K338 Igla-S (SA-24)     Russia N/A[103] Delivered by Russia.
9K333 Verba (SA-29 Gizmo)     Russia N/A Delivered by Russia.[127]
FN-6     People's Republic of China ~100 Captured from rebel groups.[128]
HT-16PGJ[129]   North Korea N/A Delivered by North Korea in 2004.[130]
Misagh-1     Iran N/A Delivered by Iran.[131]
Misagh-2     Iran N/A Delivered by Iran.[131]
KRL Anza     Pakistan N/A Anza Mk. II variant in limited service. Captured from rebels.[132]

Vehicles

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Tanks

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Name Photo Quantity Origin Notes
T-55A/AM/AMV/M/MV[133]   1200+[2] (as of 2020)   Soviet Union 2,000 received from the Soviet Union.[2] A and AMV variants have been upgraded with Kontakt-1 armor and 9M117 Bastion.[112] More than 682 claimed destroyed or captured by armed groups since March 2011.[2] 200 T-55s were upgraded to MV standard by Ukraine in 1997 and AM variant by North Korea in 1980s.[134] Some T-55s upgraded with locally developed Viper thermal imager, assembled from foreign components.[135] All T-55s upgraded with soft-kill Sarab Active Protection System.[136]
T-62A/ obr. 1972/ obr. 1975 /K/M/MV   ~634 (2017)[2]
750+ (as of 2020) 		  Soviet Union 1,000 in service as of 2010, more than 366 claimed captured/destroyed by rebels. At least several dozens of T-62M with 9M117 Bastion delivered by Russia since 2017.[137][138] Up to 100 would have been sent.[139] In 2018 and 2019, Russia reactivated and field-tested T-62M/MV variants with Kontakt-1 ERA from war stores and transported them to Syria.[140] Most T-62s are upgraded with soft-kill Sarab Active Protection System.[citation needed]
T-72 Ural/A/AVS/S/M/M1/M1M/M1S/ B obr. 1989/B3/Adra/[141] Shafrah[142]   ~700[2][143](2020)
750+ (as of 2023)		   Soviet Union
  Czechoslovakia
  Russia		 More than 1500 in 2010, some upgraded by Russia. 124 T-72M1s and T-72AVs were upgraded to T-72M1S standard between 2003 and 2006 by Italy.[144] With Galileo Avionica TURMS-T computerized FCS, infrared cameras, improved gun stabilisation, stabilised sights for the gunner and the commander, added 9M119 Svir/Refleks launcher.[145] More than 850 claimed destroyed / captured by rebels.[2] Approximately 300 in 2014. T-72Bs as well as ones with Kontakt-5 were delivered by Russia in 2015–2016.[146] At least few dozens of T-72B3 in Syrian service as of 2023.[147][148]

T-72A/AV/M upgraded with locally assembled Viper thermal imager and Kontakt-1.[149] All T-72s were fitted with locally developed soft-kill Sarab Active Protection System providing jamming capabilities.[citation needed]

T-90 obr. 1992/A/AM/S[150]   ~70[151][152]
(as of 2020)		   Russia Russia supplied 30 T-90 obr. 1992 and T-90As equipped with Shtora-1 and Kontakt-5 in late 2015.[153][151] Russia has supplied T-90 tanks to the 25th Special Mission Forces Division, 4th Armoured Division and Republican Guard.[154] A battalion containing 40 T-90A tanks delivered in 2017.[152] 3 were captured during the Syrian Civil War, two by HTS rebels and one by ISIS fighters. Another 10 were hit.[151]

Infantry fighting vehicles

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Name Photo Quantity Origin Notes
BMP-1P[137]   1,044[2] (2017)
1100+ (2020)		   Soviet Union 2,000 as of 2011. Around 956 destroyed, damaged and captured by armed groups since March 2011.[2] Additional units delivered by Russia.[155]
BMP-2 obr. 80/obr. 84/obr. 86   74[2] (2017)
100+ (2020)[156] 		  Soviet Union 100 as of 2011. 26 destroyed, damaged and captured by armed groups. Additional units delivered by Russia between 2015 and 2019.[156]

Armoured personnel carriers

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Name Photo Origin Quantity Notes
BTR-50     Soviet Union 550 During the war, some BTR-50s have been reactivated and issued to the mechanized infantry.[157]
BTR-60PB/PU-12     Soviet Union 650 Most were scrapped. Others are used by Syrian Police.[158]
BTR-70     Soviet Union N/A BTR-70M variant.[159] Supplied by Russia between 2017 and 2022.[160][161][162]
BTR-80     Soviet Union
  Russia		 40+ Several BTR-80s were given by Russia between 2013 and 2017.[163]
BTR-82A     Russia 30+ More BTR-82As delivered by Russia in 2015.[164][163]
BTR-152     Soviet Union 289 Retired from service. Used by Syrian Police, 7 lost in the civil war.[165]
MT-LBM     Soviet Union N/A Additional units delivered by Russia.[166]
BMPT-72 Terminator 2     Russia N/A[167] Chassis from Soviet T-72 tank. Supplied by Russia in 2017.[168]
GAZ-2975 Tigr     Russia N/A Used by the Republican Guard and 25th Special Mission Forces Division.[169][170]
GAZ-39371 Vodnik     Russia N/A Supplied by Russia in 2017. Used by 25th SMF Division and 5th Corps.[171]
BPM-97     Russia N/A Dozor and Vystrel-M variants.[172] Supplied by Russia.[173][174]
OT-64 SKOT     Czechoslovakia
  Polish People's Republic		 N/A 300 OT-64A ordered from Czechoslovakia in 1976 and delivered between 1977 and 1979, some captured by rebels.[175] As of 2018 still in use.[176]
Otokar Cobra     Turkey ~3 Syrian Army captured an Otokar Cobra from ISIS during the East Aleppo Offensive.[177] Used by special forces.[178]
FNSS ACV-15     Turkey 1 Captured from ISIL after it captured the vehicle from the Turkish Army.[179]

Reconnaissance vehicles

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Name Photo Type Origin Quantity Notes
BRM-1K   Armoured reconnaissance vehicle   Soviet Union N/A Supplied by Russia between 2017 and 2018.[138]
PRP-4A Argus   Artillery reconnaissance vehicle   Russia N/A Supplied by Russia between 2015 and 2017.[138]
BRDM-2   Scout car   Soviet Union
  Russia 		700 Some armed with 9K11 Malyutka and Strela-1 ATGM.
1,200 received from the Soviet Union by 1975. Around 20 lost in the civil war.[180] 2MS variant delivered by Russia in 2022.[181]

Tank destroyers

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
Kornet-D Mobile anti-tank guided missile system N/A[182]   Russia   Based on the GAZ-2975 Tigr chassis.[183] Supplied by Russia in 2018.[116]

Military engineering

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
BREM-1[184] Armoured recovery vehicle 100   Soviet Union   Deployed in the Rif Dimashq Governorate campaign in Syrian Civil War. 4 BREM-1 lost in the civil war.
BREM-2[185] Amphibious Armoured recovery vehicle 100   Soviet Union   Deployed in the Rif Dimashq Governorate campaign in Syrian Civil War. 4 BREM-2 lost in the civil war.
IMR-2 Combat engineering vehicle N/A   Soviet Union   M1, M2 variants supplied by Russia in 2016.[186]
UR-77 Meteorit Mine clearing vehicle/Explosive charge thrower N/A   Soviet Union   It was deployed during Operation Damascus Steel, the explosive charge was used to destroy trenches and enemy firing positions.[187]
PTS Amphibious tracked transport carrier N/A   Soviet Union  
MTU-20[103] Armoured vehicle-launched bridge N/A   Soviet Union  
MTU-72 Armoured vehicle-launched bridge N/A   Soviet Union  
MT-55A/KS Armoured vehicle-launched bridge N/A   Czechoslovakia   Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[188]
VT-55KS Armoured recovery vehicle N/A   Czechoslovakia   Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[189]

Military ambulances

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
BVP-1 AMB-S Tracked armored ambulance 50   Czechoslovakia   Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[190] Variant of the BMP-1. Deployed in the Rif Dimashq Governorate campaign, some were lost.
GAZ Sobol Protected military ambulance N/A   Russia   Supplied by Russia before the war.[191]

Logistics vehicles

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
MAZ-6317 [de] 6×6 utility truck N/A   Belarus
  Syria		   Utility truck. Produced under license in Syria by SSRC.[192]
MAZ-7310 8×8 artillery truck 200   Soviet Union   Main role is to carry the Scud-type ballistic missiles.
BAZ-5921 [ru] 6×6 artillery truck N/A   Soviet Union   Main role is to carry OTR-21 Tochka ballistic missiles.[193]
Ural-375D 6×6 4.5 ton truck 350   Soviet Union   Transport or fuel tanker vehicle, another use as a BM-21 MLRS.[194]
Ural-4320 4×4
6×6 off-road truck		 ~900   Soviet Union   25 Ural-4320-31 armored trucks were given by Russia to secure transport of Syria's chemical weapons.[195] Additional delivered in 2017.[195] Also Ural-43206 4×4 variant.
ZIL-130 4×2 4.3 ton truck N/A   Soviet Union   Cargo truck.
ZIL-131 6×6 3.5 ton truck 300   Soviet Union   Cargo truck or mobile workshop, also can become a BM-21 multiple rocket launcher.[196][194]
ZIL-135 Artillery truck 84   Soviet Union   Main role is to carry the FROG-7 ballistic missile.
ZIL-157 6×6 2.5 ton truck 84   Soviet Union   Transport vehicle for motorized infantry or mobile workshop.[196]
GAZ-66 4×4 off-road truck 200   Soviet Union   Transport vehicle for motorized infantry.
KrAZ-255 6×6 off-road truck N/A   Soviet Union   Used for towing heavy artillery pieces. Brought from Soviet Union before 1991.[197]
KrAZ-6322 6×6 off-road truck ~70   Ukraine   Brought before the war.[198]
GAZ-3308 Sadko 4×4 utility truck 300+[199]   Russia   Supplied by Russia before the war in 2005.[200] Transport vehicle for motorized infantry.
KamAZ-4350 4×4 rough terrain truck N/A   Russia   Supplied by Russia between 2015 and 2019.[201]
KamAZ-5350 6×6 side truck N/A   Russia   Supplied by Russia between 2022 and 2023.[202] Used by 25th SMF Division.[203] Also used as chassis of the M-46 W-SPG.[204]
KamAZ-43114 6×6 side truck 100+   Russia   Supplied by Russia before the war. 50 were given to secure transport of Syria's chemical weapons arsenal.[205]
KamAZ-43118 6×6 side truck N/A   Russia   Supplied by Russia in 2018. Transport vehicle for heavy cargo.
Praga V3S[104] 6×6 utility truck N/A   Czechoslovakia   Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[206] Transport vehicle for infantry or cargo.
Tatra 148[104] 6×6 utility truck N/A   Czechoslovakia   VNM variant. Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[207] Transport vehicle for infantry.
Tatra 815[104] 6×6 utility truck N/A   Czechoslovakia   S3, V24 and V26 variants.[208][209] Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[210] Transport vehicle for infantry.
Mercedes-Benz Actros 8×4 off-road truck N/A   Germany   Chassis of the M-46 W-SPG.[211][204]
Iveco Trakker 8×8 off-road truck N/A   Italy   Chassis of the M-46 W-SPG.[211][204]
Sinotruk Howo 4×4 side truck
6×6 utility truck		 N/A   People's Republic of China   Transport vehicle for motorized infantry.[212]

Utility vehicles

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
UAZ-452 Van N/A   Soviet Union   Supplied by Soviet Union before 1991.[197]
UAZ-469 Military All-terrain vehicle N/A   Soviet Union   UAZ-3151 and UAZ-31512 variants.[213] New vehicles delivered by Russia in 2023.
BJ2022 Military All-terrain vehicle N/A   People's Republic of China   Brought from China in 2015.[214][215]
Land Rover Series III Military All-terrain vehicle N/A   United Kingdom   Syrian Army adopted the Land Rover in the 1970s.[216]
Safir Jeep Multipurpose military vehicle N/A   Iran   Supplied by Iran. Multiple variants used by the Syrian military.[217]
Aras Multipurpose utility vehicle N/A   Iran
 
 Kaviran and Sepehr variants. Supplied by Iran.[218] Also equipped with Fajr-1 and HM 16.[219]
Humvee Light armored vehicle 20+   United States   Captured from ISIL and other terrorists.
Toyota Land Cruiser Utility vehicle N/A   Japan   Model 70 is the most popular model in use. Widely used as a Technical.[220]
Toyota Hilux Utility vehicle N/A   Japan   Widely used as a Technical.[221]
Iveco Rys LMV Infantry mobility vehicle N/A   Italy
  Russia		   Syrian Army operates Rys variant supplied by Russia in 2015–2018.[222][223]

Artillery

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Mortars

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Name Photo Quantity Notes
BM-37     Soviet Union 200 82 mm mortar. Also M-37M variant.[224]
2B14 Podnos[225]     Soviet Union N/A 82 mm mortar.
2B9 Vasilek     Soviet Union N/A 82 mm mortar. 2B9 and 2B9M variants.[226]
M1938     Soviet Union 200 120 mm mortar.
PM-43[227]     Soviet Union 700 120 mm mortar.
M1943     Soviet Union 100 160 mm mortar.
M-160 mortar[112]     Soviet Union 200 160 mm mortar.
M-240     Soviet Union 30 240 mm mortar. 3F2 Gagara and 3O8 Nerpa ammunition. It was deployed during Operation Damascus Steel against militant groups in East Ghouta.[228]
HM 12     Iran N/A 60 mm mortar.
HM 16     Iran N/A 120 mm mortar.
L16 81mm mortar     United Kingdom N/A 81 mm mortar.

Field artillery

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Name Photo Quantity[103] Origin Type Notes
D-44   N/A   Soviet Union Anti-tank gun 85 mm.
D-48   N/A   Soviet Union Anti-tank gun 85 mm.
BS-3   300[229]   Soviet Union Anti-tank gun 100 mm.
T-12   20+   Soviet Union Anti-tank gun 100 mm.
D-74   400   Soviet Union Field gun 122 mm. Additional units supplied by Russia in 2015.[104]
M-46   800+   Soviet Union Field gun 130 mm. Also Iranian HERA[204] and Chinese BEE4 BB/RAP projectiles in use since 2007.[230] Mobile version in service.[231][211] More units supplied by Russia in 2023.[232]
M-30   150   Soviet Union Howitzer 122 mm. 21 additional M-30s were delivered by Russia to Syria in May 2017.[138]
A-19   100   Soviet Union Howitzer 122 mm. As of 2000, in storage. Syrian Army reactivated several units and used them against rebel forces in late 2016.
D-1   20   Soviet Union Howitzer 152 mm. Probably decommissioned.
D-20   20+[227]   Soviet Union Howitzer 152 mm. Krasnopol laser-guided projectile. Supplied by Russia and Iran in 2015.[104]
D-30   600+   Soviet Union Howitzer 122 mm. Chinese BEE4 BB/RAP projectiles in use since 2007.[230] More units supplied by Russia in 2023.[232]
ML-20   50   Soviet Union Howitzer 152 mm. Used against ISIS in September 2016.
Msta-B[233]   N/A   Soviet Union Howitzer 152 mm. Krasnopol laser-guided projectile. Supplied by Russia between 2015 and 2016.[118][234]
S-23   20[235]   Soviet Union Howitzer 180 mm. VOF28 round with RAP projectile OF-23.[236] Used by Syrian Army in 2013 and 2015.[237]

Self-propelled field artillery

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
2S1 Gvozdika Self-propelled howitzer 206[2]   Soviet Union   122 mm. 300 as of 2011. 94 lost in the civil war.[2]
2S3 Akatsiya 89[2]   152 mm, Krasnopol laser-guided projectile.[117] 11 lost in the civil war.[2]
2S4 Tyulpan[238] Mortar carrier 24   240 mm.
2S9 Nona[239] N/A   120 mm. Delivered by Russia in 2017.[156]
130 mm M-46 W-SPG Self-propelled gun N/A   Syria   On Iveco Trakker and Mercedes-Benz Actros chassis. Produced and modified in Syria by SSRC since 2013.[211][204]

Multiple launch rocket systems

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
BM-11 Multiple rocket launcher 100   North Korea   122 mm. Supplied by North Korea.[112]
BM-14 N/A   Soviet Union   140 mm. BM-14M and MM variants.[240]
BM-21 Grad 300+   122 mm, BM-21 and BM-21-1 variants. Also 9K55 Grad 1 supplied by Russia.[241] On Ural-375 and Ural-4320 platforms.[195]
BM-27 Uragan 36+   220 mm. Spotted in November 2014 during the Syrian Civil War, most likely delivered by Russia, 1 lost. Also known as "Ra'ad".[242]
BM-30 Smerch N/A   300mm. Presence confirmed by use of the 9M55K cluster munition used by the system.[243] Syria received several BM-30s from either Belarus or more likely Russia in early 2014.[244]
TOS-1A Thermobaric multiple rocket launcher 8+   Russia   220 mm, some TOS-1As were delivered by Russia in 2015.[245]
Type 63 / Fajr-1[227] Multiple rocket launcher N/A   Iran
  China		   107 mm.
Fajr-3[246] N/A   Iran   240 mm.
Fajr-5[247] N/A   333mm. First delivered by Iran in 2004.
Falaq-1[248] N/A   Iran
  Syria		   240 mm. Produced under license by SSRC in Syria.[248]
Falaq-2[248] N/A   333mm. Produced under license by SSRC in Syria.[248]
M-220[249] N/A   Syria 220mm. 70 km range. Produced by SSRC in Syria.[250]
M-302[251] N/A   302mm. 150 km range.[252] Produced as Khaibar-1 by SSRC in Syria.[251][253]
S-11 Burkan[254] N/A 107mm, 122mm, 220mm and 300mm variants. HE-Fragmentation, anti-personnel cluster. Used on Shams platform.[254] Produced by SSRC in Syria.
Golan MLRS[255] N/A Golan-65/250/300/400/500 variants. Produced by SSRC in Syria.
Golan-1000[256] 25+ 500mm.[257] Produced by SSRC in Syria.[258]

Anti-air guns and systems

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Towed anti-aircraft artillery

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
KS-19 Anti-aircraft gun 100+   Soviet Union
 
 100 mm. Mounted on technicals.
61-K Anti-aircraft gun N/A
 
 37 mm, 2 barrels. Mounted on technicals.
ZPU Anti-aircraft gun 1,500+
 
 14.5mm single, twin and quad mount. Also mounted on technicals.
ZPU-4 Anti-aircraft gun N/A   14.5×114mm. Mostly mounted on technicals.
ZU-23-2[259] Anti-aircraft gun 650+
 
 23 mm, 2 barrels. Mounted on technicals.
M1939 Anti-aircraft gun 300+
 
 37 mm. Mounted on technicals.
S-60 Anti-aircraft gun 880+
 
 57 mm. Mounted on KamAZ-43114.[260] More units supplied by Russia in 2023.[232]

Towed air defence

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
S-75 Dvina (SA-2) Strategic surface-to-air missile system 320[261]   Soviet Union
  Russia		   S-75 Dvina and S-75M Volga obr. 1995 variants.
S-125 Neva/Pechora (SA-3 Pechora + Pechora-2M) 148[261] +30 2M[262]  
 		 Pechora-2M supplied by Russia in 2013. Additional 2Ms delivered in 2023.
S-200 (SA-5) 2 defense regiment comprising 2 divisions including 2 batteries S-200 (44 launchers) in service as of 2010 and 2014.[263][264] 3 regiments as of 2023.[265]   Soviet Union   S-200VE variant brought from USSR in 1983. Modified by SSRC.[266] Command post S-300 can manage in any combination the elements of S-200 and S-300.[267][268][269]

Self-propelled air defence

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
ZSU-23-4 Shilka Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun 400[1] (in 2010)

250[2] (in 2020)

  Soviet Union   23 mm, often used in urban areas against rebel forces.
ZSU-57-2 Sparka 10[1]   Most in storage, some units were reactivated during the Syrian Civil War.[103]
2K12 Kub (SA-6) Self-propelled surface-to-air missile system 195–200 (As of 2012)[261][270]  
9K33 Osa (SA-8) 14–60,[1][271] 14 batteries (60 launchers – autonomous war machines)[citation needed]   9K33M3 Osa-AK and Osa-AKM variants. Two were captured by Liwa al-Islam.
9K31 Strela-1 (SA-9) 20[1]  
9K35 Strela-10 (SA-13) 30[1]  
Buk-M1-2 (SA-11) 20[1]  
Tor-M1 (SA-15) N/A   Russia   Modified Tor-M1 "Dezful" variant. Supplied by Iran in 2018.[272]
9K37M2E Buk-M2E (SA-17) Up to 40   Observed in use at Al-Mezzah.[273]
9M311-1M Tunguska (SA-19) Self-propelled air-defence system 6[274]   Soviet Union  
S-300 (S-300 SA-20A / SA-20B) Surface-to-air missile system 24 S-300PM2[275]   Russia   49 pieces of equipment were delivered by Russia around October 2018.[276] In 2022, it was removed from Syria.[277]
Pantsir-S1 (SA-22) Self-propelled SAM system 57+[278] In 2016, +1RL-123E Early detection radar, +command posts. (+10 Pantsir S-2)[279]   Pantsir S-1 and S-2(E) variants.
Khordad-3 Mid- Range Mobile SAM N/A   Iran   Taer 2 and Sayad missile. Delivered between 2019 and 2022.[280]
Khordad-15 Long Range Mobile SAM N/A   Sayyad-3 missile. Delivered in 2023.[280][281]
Mersad Short- to Mid- Range Mobile SAM N/A   Shahin missile. Delivered between 2019 and 2021.[280][281]

Electronic warfare systems

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
Groza-S Mobile electronic countermeasure system N/A   Belarus   Supplied by Belarus in 2018.[282][283]

Missiles

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Ballistic missiles

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
9K52 Luna-M[284] Tactical ballistic missile ≈18 mobile launchers[285]   Soviet Union   SRBM. Unknown number of missiles. First supplied from USSR in 1974.[286]
R-17 Elbrus/Hwasong-5[284] Tactical ballistic missile ≈42 mobile launchers[285]   Soviet Union
  North Korea
  Syria		   SRBM. ≈200 missiles. Scud-B supplied from USSR and North Korea in the 1970s and 1980s.[286][287] Produced in Syria by SSRC.[288][289]
OTR-21 Tochka/Hwasong-11[284] Tactical ballistic missile ≈12 mobile launchers[285]   Soviet Union
  Russia
  North Korea		   SRBM. ≈100 missiles.[285] OTR-21 Tochka (Scarab-A) received from USSR in 1983.[284] Russia sent 50 additional Tochka-U (Scarab-B) missiles in February 2017 to Tartus.[290][291] KN-02 Toksa variant supplied by North Korea.[292]
Hwasong-6[284] Tactical ballistic missile ≈160 missiles[285]   North Korea
  Syria
 
 SRBM. North Korean Scud-C version produced and modified in Syria by SSRC.[288][293]
Hwasong-7[284] Strategic ballistic missile N/A[285]   North Korea
  Syria
 
 MRBM. North Korean Scud-D version produced and modified in Syria by SSRC.[288][294]
Hwasong-9[284] Strategic ballistic missile ≈100 missiles[285]   North Korea
  Syria		   MRBM. North Korean Scud-ER version produced in Syria by SSRC.[288][295]
Golan-1/Golan-2 Tactical ballistic missile N/A[285]   Syria SRBM. Versions of Scud-B/C/D developed and produced in Syria by SSRC.[286][288] Golan-1 with range 600 km. Golan-2 with range 850 km.
Maysaloun[284] Tactical ballistic missile N/A[285]   Syria SRBM. Three versions with different ranges and characteristics. Syrian variant of Zelzal-2. Developed and produced in Syria by SSRC.[288]
Fateh-110[284] Tactical ballistic missile 900+ missiles[285]   Iran
  Syria		   SRBM. Local designation M-600 or Tishreen.[296] Produced under license in Syria by SSRC.[297]
Fateh-313 Tactical ballistic missile N/A[285]   SRBM. Supplied by Iran.[298][299] Produced and modified under license in Syria by SSRC.[289]
Fath 360 Tactical ballistic missile N/A   Iran   SRBM. Supplied by Iran.[300]
Shahab-1 Tactical ballistic missile N/A   Iran
  Syria		   SRBM. Produced under license in Syria by SSRC.[301]
Shahab-2 Tactical ballistic missile N/A   SRBM. At least one used in February 2014. Produced under license in Syria by SSRC.[301][302]
Naze'at Tactical ballistic missile N/A   Iran   SRBM. Supplied by Iran.[303] Upgraded with guidance to Labaik-1 variant by SSRC.[303]
Zelzal-1[304] Tactical ballistic missile N/A   SRBM. Supplied by Iran.[305]
Zelzal-2[304] Tactical ballistic missile N/A   Iran
  Syria		   SRBM. Modified and produced by SSRC.[306] Increased range of 400 km+ and guidance system added.[303][307]
Zelzal-3[308] Tactical ballistic missile N/A   SRBM. Modified and produced by SSRC.[306]

Cruise missiles

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
P-5/P-35[103] Cruise missile 4 systems   Soviet Union   (SS-C-1B Sepal)
P-15M/P-22[103] Anti-ship missile 6 systems   Soviet Union   (SS-C-3 Styx)
P-800 Yakhont Supersonic cruise missile 72+   Russia   Missile can perform anti-ship role & also can be deployed from land or air.[309] Supplied by Russia between 2010–2011.[310] Additional delivered by Russia in 2013.[311]
K-300P Bastion-P Mobile anti-ship and surface-to-surface missile system. 4 systems   Russia   (SS-C-5 Stooge). Platform for P-800 Oniks. Brought from Russia in 2011.[312]
C-802 Anti-ship cruise missile N/A   China   (CSS-N-8 Saccade)[313]
Noor Anti-ship cruise missile 10 systems   Iran   Delivered between 2009 and 2010.[314]

Command posts

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Higher level command posts

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Name Type Quantity Origin Notes
Senezh-M1E[315] General-purpose self-acting[316] higher level command post N/A[270]   Soviet Union As an option, with the use of higher level command post, management of all types of air defense systems, the Air Force and all kinds of radar air defense forces. Effective radius of 1,600 km for 77 fired targets[317] May receive data order to send target indication for different systems.[318]
Polyana-D4 Upper level command post for air defence N/A[270]   Russia Supplied by Russia in 2018.[319]

Unmanned aerial vehicles

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Non-combat unmanned air vehicles

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
Tu-143 Unmanned aerial vehicle N/A   Soviet Union   VR-3s received in 1984.[320] Reconnaissance drone, in service as target drone.[321]
Orlan-10 Unmanned aerial vehicle N/A   Russia   Short-range reconnaissance/surveillance drone. Used in combat since 2020.[322][323]
Gastello Kamikaze unmanned aerial vehicle N/A Short-range kamikaze drone.[324] Used in combat since early 2024.[325]
Various FPV drones Kamikaze unmanned aerial vehicle N/A   Russia
  Syria		   Close-range kamikaze drone. Production in Syria started after 2022.[326] Used in combat since late 2023.[326]
Ababil-2 Unmanned aerial vehicle N/A   Iran   Short-range target drone. Ababil-B variant supplied by Iran.[327] Including twin-tail Ababil-T attack drone.[328] Used during the Syrian Civil War since mid 2012.[329][103]
Ababil-3 Unmanned surveillance/ reconnaissance aerial vehicle N/A   Iran
  Syria		   Medium-range reconnaissance/surveillance and short/medium-range attack drone. Used by the Syrian Army since 2012.[330] Produced under license in Syria by SSRC.[331][332]
Qods Saeghe Unmanned aerial vehicle N/A   Short-range reconnaissance drone. Usage started before the Syrian Civil War, produced under license in Syria by SSRC.[333]
Mohajer-2 Unmanned aerial vehicle N/A   Iran   Short-range reconnaissance drone.[329] Usage started before the Syrian Civil War.[334]
Mohajer-4 Unmanned aerial vehicle N/A   Short/medium-range ISTAR drone.[329] Used during the Syrian Civil War since early 2012.[335]
Yasir Unmanned aerial vehicle N/A   Short-range reconnaissance drone.[330] Used during the Syrian Civil War since late 2013.[336][337]

Combat unmanned air vehicles

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Name Type Quantity Origin Photo Notes
Forpost-R Unmanned combat aerial vehicle N/A   Russia   Multirole ISTAR/combat drone. Used during the Syrian Civil War since mid 2024.[338][339]
Mohajer 6 Unmanned combat aerial vehicle N/A   Iran   Multirole ISTAR/combat drone. Used during the Syrian Civil War since late 2019.[340]

Bibliography

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  • Campbell, David (16 June 2016). Israeli Soldier vs Syrian Soldier: Golan Heights 1967–73. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-1331-2.
  • Zaloga, Steven J. (20 July 2011). Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Robotic Air Warfare 1917–2007. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84603-786-3.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p John Pike (2013-08-29). "Syria – Army Equipment". Globalsecurity.org. Archived from the original on 2014-10-17. Retrieved 2013-09-03.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Nine Years of War — Documenting Syrian Arab Army's Armored Vehicles Losses". bellingcat. 2018-03-27. Retrieved 2022-12-08.
  3. ^ Israeli Soldier vs Syrian Soldier: Golan Heights 1967–73 by David Campbell, Page 20.
  4. ^ a b c "A snapshot of camouflage patterns in Syria – Armament Research Services". 15 August 2016. Retrieved 2020-09-02.
  5. ^ 25th SMF Div. member in full desert camouflage
  6. ^ The 25th SMF Div. has received another batch of 6b45 vests in a different digital camo. The ones they got a few months ago (right picture).
  7. ^ Paratrooper in Russian multicam uniform.
  8. ^ "World War Helmets - Casque JK 96". www.world-war-helmets.com. Retrieved 2021-07-19.
  9. ^ "25th SMF Division received new vests, plate carriers, and helmets".
  10. ^ Army continues Special Missions Force training today.
  11. ^ a b c d "Russia Says Its 'Iron Man' Exoskeleton Suits Proved 'Very Effective' In Syrian Military Operations". Latest Asian, Middle-East, EurAsian, Indian News. 2021-08-28. Archived from the original on March 26, 2023. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
  12. ^ Member of the 25th SMF Division, equipped with a Russian Wartech brand plate carrier and what appears to be a Russian 6b47 helmet
  13. ^ Campbell 2016, pp. 20−21.
  14. ^ "From Behind the Iron Curtain: Communist Bloc Helmets". 14 July 2008.
  15. ^ "Syria Wz50". Brendon's Helmets. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
  16. ^ "Syrian Helmets".
  17. ^ "45th Special Forces regiment seen with Iranian helmet and Iranian Ruyin-3 vest on the N.Latakia frontline".
  18. ^ 6B45 body armor - 25th SMF Div.
  19. ^ "MP-446 Viking issued to 25th Special Mission Forces".
  20. ^ "The Tiger and his Cubs: The Syrian Regime's Tiger Forces".
  21. ^ "References". Girsan. Archived from the original on 6 May 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  22. ^ a b Small Arms Survey (2015). "Trade Update: After the 'Arab Spring'" (PDF). Small Arms Survey 2015: weapons and the world (PDF). Cambridge University Press. p. 107. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-01-28. Retrieved 2018-08-29.
  23. ^ Syrian soldier with 9A-91
  24. ^ "Спецназ МВД Сирии опробовал на передовой новые АК-104" [Special Forces Ministry of Internal Affairs of Syria tested on the front lines the new AK-104] (in Russian). 25 February 2016. Archived from the original on 28 February 2016.
  25. ^ "Сирийский спецназ получил автоматы АК-105 в современном обвесе" [Syrian special forces received modern AK-105 assault rifles]. rg.ru (in Russian). 1 August 2018.
  26. ^ Syrian police, SMF
  27. ^ "Yooper John's SKS – Battle rifle of many nations". Archived from the original on 4 August 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2019.[self-published source]
  28. ^ "WWII Weapons In The Syrian Civil War – The Firearm Blog". 26 June 2015. Archived from the original on 27 June 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
  29. ^ a b Jones, Richard D. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (January 27, 2009). ISBN 978-0-7106-2869-5.
  30. ^ "Syrie: les ISIS Hunters, ces soldats du régime de Damas formés par la Russie". France-Soir (in French). 30 May 2017. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
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Works cited

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