Esslingeriana is a fungal genus in the family Parmeliaceae. The genus is monotypic, containing the single foliose lichen species Esslingeriana idahoensis, commonly known as the tinted rag lichen.[1] It is found in northwestern North America.
| Esslingeriana | |
|---|---|
| |
| E. idahoensis in Castle Crags, California | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Parmeliaceae |
| Genus: | Esslingeriana Hale & M.J.Lai (1980) |
| Species: | E. idahoensis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Esslingeriana idahoensis (Essl.) Hale & M.J.Lai (1980)
| |
Systematics
editEsslingeriana idahoensis was originally described by Theodore Esslinger in 1971 as a member of genus Cetraria. He collected the type specimen from Mount Spokane State Park (Spokane County, Washington). Widely distributed in northwestern North America, E. idahoensis is named for its abundance in the douglas fir forests of the northern Idaho.[2]
Genus Esslingeriana was circumscribed in 1980 by lichenologists Mason Hale and Ming-Jou Lai.[3] Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that Esslingeriana is in the cetrarioid clade of the Parmeliaceae. Cetrarioid lichens are those that are erect, foliose (leafy), and with apothecia and pycnidia (sexual and asexual reproductive structures, respectively) that are largely restricted to the margins of the lobes. Esslingeriana, along with the genera Dactylina and Melanelia, are the earliest-diverging members of the cetrarioid clade.[4]
Description
editEsslingeriana idahoensis is a pale gray (sometimes with a yellowish tint), foliose (leafy) lichen that is loosely attached to its substrate. The thallus comprises individual elongated lobes measuring 1.5–5 mm (0.06–0.20 in) wide. The thallus surface lacks isidia, soredia, and pseudocyphellae. The lower thallus surface is black and wrinkled, with sparse and scattered, unbranched rhizines that function as holdfasts to attach the thallus to the substrate. Ascomata are in the form of large brown apothecia, typically located at the tips of the lobes.[1]
The expected results of standard chemical spot tests in the cortex are PD+ (pale yellow), K+ (yellow), KC−, and C−; in the medulla they are PD−, K+ (purplish pink), KC−, and C−. Esslingeriana idahoensis contains the secondary chemicals atranorin and endocrocin.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c Brodo, Irwin M.; Sharnoff, Sylvia Duran; Sharnoff, Stephen (2001). Lichens of North America. Yale University Press. p. 310. ISBN 978-0-300-08249-4.
- ^ Esslinger, Theodore L. (1971). "Cetraria idahoensis, a new species of lichen endemic to western North America". The Bryologist. 74 (3): 364–369. doi:10.2307/3241644. JSTOR 3241644.
- ^ Lai, Ming Jou (1980). "Studies on the cetrarioid lichens in Parmeliaceae of east Asia (1)". Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum. 33 (3–4): 215–229.
- ^ Thell, Arne; Crespo, Ana; Divakar, Pradeep K.; Kärnefelt, Ingvar; Leavitt, Steven D.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten; Seaward, Mark R. D. (2012). "A review of the lichen family Parmeliaceae – history, phylogeny and current taxonomy". Nordic Journal of Botany. 30 (6): 641–664. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.2012.00008.x.