The Kanawha darter (Etheostoma kanawhae) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the southeastern United States.[2]
| Kanawha darter | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Percidae |
| Genus: | Etheostoma |
| Species: | E. kanawhae
|
| Binomial name | |
| Etheostoma kanawhae (Raney, 1941)
| |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Geographic distribution
editThe Kanawha darter is only known to occur in the New River drainage of Virginia and North Carolina. It inhabits fast-flowing waters in riffles of small and medium rivers over gravel or rubble substrates.[2]
Description
editThe Kanawha darter can reach a length of 8.6 centimetres (3.4 in) TL though most only reach 6.5 centimetres (2.6 in).[2]
Habitat and biology
editThe Kanawha darter is found in riffles with a fast flow over gravel and rubble substrates in small to medium rivers, it can also occur in areas with hard bed in Clear streams and rivers with both cold and warm waters. It has been recorded forming breeding groups in shallow water at depths of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) where there is a swift current, as well as in deeper water at depths of 30 to 70 centimetres (12 to 28 in) where there are riffles over sand, gravel and pebbles at a water temperature of 19 °C (66 °F).[1] Some males may breed for the first time at 1 year old but most males and all females first breed at 2 years old. The main food of this species is insect larvae.[3]
Taxonomy
editThe Kanawha darter was first formally described in 1941 as Poecilichthys kanawhae by Edward Cowdenbeath Raney with the type locality given as the North Fork of the New River on North Carolina Highway 16 at Crumpler, Ashe County, North Carolina.[4]
References
edit- ^ a b NatureServe (2013). "Etheostoma kanawhae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T8116A13366225. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T8116A13366225.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ a b c d Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Etheostoma kanawhae". FishBase. December 2019 version.
- ^ Hammerson, G.; J. M. Clayton (2011). "Etheostoma kanawhae Kanawha Darter". NatureServe. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Poecilichthys kanawhae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 11 October 2020.