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Summary
| Description | |
| Date | |
| Source | Jones, Daniel. (1972). An outline of English phonetics (9th ed.). Cambridge: W. Heffer & Sons Ltd. |
| Author | Original uploaded by Ishwar; Combination by useigor |
| Other versions |
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- Tongue positions of Daniel Jones' cardinal front and back vowels (adapted from Jones 1972: 32).
- Cardinal vowels #1, #4 [i, a] and #5, #8 [u, ɑ] were adapted by Jones from x-ray photographs of his mouth.
- Cardinal vowels #2, #3 [e, ɛ] and #6, #7 [o, ɔ] are approximate.
- The tongue positions were determined by placing a thin metal chain on Jones' tongue while saying the vowels and then photographing them.
- The four large dots indicate the highest point of tongue for each vowel.
See also
Licensing
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. |
  
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This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. | |
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| This licensing tag was added to this file as part of the GFDL licensing update. |
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File history
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| Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| current | 13:18, 11 July 2020 | | 800 × 1,600 (30 KB) | Useigor | dot size (increased) |
| 12:23, 11 July 2020 |  | 800 × 1,600 (30 KB) | Useigor | {{Information |description ={{en|1=Combination of 2 images: front and back vowels}} |date =2020-07-11 |source =Jones, Daniel. (1972). An outline of English phonetics (9th ed.). Cambridge: W. Heffer & Sons Ltd. |author =Original uploaded by Ishwar; Combination by useigor |permission =ZZZZ |other versions=File:Cardinal_vowel_tongue_pos... |
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