Figure 3; Examples of cyanolichens examined in molecular studies of cyanobacterial diversity. A Cephalodial symbionts of the tripartite cyanolichen Lobaria pulmonaria remain poorly known (e.g. Rikkinen et al. 2002, Myllys et al. 2007) B Nostoc symbionts of Pseudocyphellaria species have been analyzed in several studies (e.g. Summefield et al. 2002, 2006, Rikkinen et al. 2002, Stenroos et al. 2006) C Peltigera venosa may have different Nostoc genotypes in different cephalodia (Paulsrud et al. 2000) D Nostoc symbionts of bipartite Peltigera species have been identified in many studies (e.g. Paulsrud and Lindblad 1998, O’Brien et al. 2005, Kaasalainen et al. 2012) E Otalora et al. (2010) analyzed genetic diversity of Nostoc in Collema and related cyanolichens F Many tropical Leptogium specimens were screened by Kaasalainen et al. (2012) G A Nostoc strain isolated from Pannaria pezizoides produces potent hepatotoxins in culture (Oksanen et al. 2004, Kaasalainen et al. 2009)