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Summary
DescriptionNiue oli 2019309 lrg.jpg |
English: Since the late 1980s, experts in light pollution have designated more than 100 “dark sky” places around the world. Scattered across communities, parks, and nature and biological reserves, the sites offer respites from city, suburban, and industrial lights, allowing celestial phenomena to be fully appreciated and more clearly viewed. Now, for the first time, an entire country has received official dark-sky status.
In early 2020, the International Dark-Sky Association formally recognized the nation of Niue as an international dark sky sanctuary. Sanctuaries differ from dark sky parks in that they are often extremely remote. That is definitely true of Niue. Isolated in the South Pacific Ocean, the island nation’s closest neighbor is the Tongan island group Vava‘u, more than 430 kilometers (270 miles) to the west. Fiji is about 1200 kilometers (800 miles) away. Niue’s geographic isolation is certainly helpful for limiting light pollution from outside its borders. But artificial lights still illuminate the homes, businesses, and streets for more than 1,600 people living on the island. To become a dark sky nation—and maintain a pristine view of night sky features like the Milky Way—a team of amateur astronomers collaborated with the island’s government and residents to replace conventional lighting with dimmer, more orange-hued LEDs. Artificial light with higher color temperatures (blue), including many LED lights, can travel farther and increase light pollution. It can also disrupt wildlife; for instance, birds can become disoriented and coral can be prevented from spawning. Conversely, warm-white or filtered LED lights help limit the amount of blue light that is emitted and can minimize artificial skyglow. Niue is isolated but not completely cut off. Visitors can get to the island on one of the twice-weekly flights from Auckland, New Zealand, about 2,500 kilometers to the southwest. But if you are planning to travel there to see the stunning night sky, be aware that natural phenomena can obscure Niue’s skies at times, too. The tropical skies are cloudiest from November through February and least cloudy from June through August. Skies on November 5, 2019, were clear enough for the Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8 to capture the image of Niue at the top of this page.Deutsch: Seit Ende der 1980er Jahre haben Fachleute zur Lichtverschmutung mehr als 100 Stellen an der Erde als Stätten des “dunklen Himmels” ausgewiesen. Verstreut auf Gemeinden, Parks, Natur- und Tierschutzgebiete, geben diese Stätten Atempausen von der städtischen, vorstädtischen und industriellen Beleuchtung und erlauben es, daß die Himmelskörper in ihrer Gänze bewundert und deutlicher gesehen werden können. Nun erhielt zum ersten Mal ein ganzes Land den Status eines dunklen Himmels.
Anfang 2020 hat die International Dark-Sky Association den Staat Niue formell als ein internationales Dark-Sky Sanctuary anerkannt. Refugien unterscheiden sich von Dark Sky Parks darin, daß sie sehr oft extrem abgelegen sind. Das gilt definitiv für Niue. Isolier im südlichen Pazifischen Ozean gelegen ist der nächste Nachbar er Inselnation die zu Tonga gehörenden Vava‘u-Inseln, die mehr als 430 Kilometer weiter westlich liegen. Fidschi leigt etwa 1200 Kilometer entfernt. Niues geographische Isolierung ist ziemlich hilfreich für die Limitierung der Lichtverschmutzung von außerhalb der Landesgrenzen. Doch künstliches Licht beleuchtet immer noch Häuser, Geschäfte und Straßen für die mehr als 1600 auf der Insel lebenden Menschen. Um eine Nation des dunklen Himmels zu werden – und den klaren Blick auf den Nachthimmel mit der Milchstraße zu erhalten –, arbeitete ein Team von Amateurastronomen mit der Inselregierung und Bewohnern zusammen, um die konventionelle Beleuchtung mit Dimmern und orange gefärbten LEDs zu ersetzen. Künstliches Licht mit höheren Farbtemperaturen (etwa blau), das in vielen LED-Leuchten enthalten, reicht weiter und erhöht die Lichtverschmutzung. Es kann auch das Tierleben stören; zum Beispiel kann die isorientierung von Vögeln verursacht werden und Korallen können an der Vermehrung gehindert werden. Umgekehrt kann warmes Weißlicht oder geiltertes LED-Licht helfen, den Ausstoß blauen Lichts und künstliches Himmelsglühen zu verringern. Niue liegt isoliert, ist aber nicht völlig abgeschnitten. Besucher können zweimal wöchentlich mit Linienflügen vom etwa 2500&nbp;km entfernt gelegenen Auckland, Neuseeland, erreichen. Aber wer plant, nach Niue zu reißen, um den phänomenaen Nachthimmel zu genießen, muß damit rechnen, daß auch natürliche Einflüsse den Blick stören können. Am wolkenreichsten sind die Tropen des Südhalbkugel zwischen November und Februar und die geringste Bewölkung herrscht zwischen Juni und August. Am 5. November 2019 war der Himmel über Niue klar genug, daß der Operational Land Imager (OLI) auf dem Satelliten Landsat 8 dieses Satellitenbild von Niue aufnehmen konnte. |
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Source | https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146573/nice-and-dark-in-niue | |||
Author | NASA Earth Observatory image by Joshua Stevens, using Landsat data from the U.S. Geological Survey. Story by Kathryn Hansen. | |||
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Camera location | 19° 03′ 00″ S, 169° 51′ 00″ W | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | -19.050000; -169.850000 |
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References & Resources
- Cabrera-Cruz, S.A. et al. (2018) Light pollution is greatest within migration passage areas for nocturnally-migrating birds around the world. Scientific Reports, 8, 3261 (2018).
- Falchi, F. et al. (2016) The new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness. Scientific Reports, 2(6) e1600377.
- International Dark Sky Association (2020, April 9) April’s International Dark Sky Week Urges Homebound Families to “Look Up Together”. Accessed April 10, 2020.
- International Dark Sky Association (2020, March 7) Niue is World’s First Country to Become a Dark Sky Place. Accessed April 10, 2020.
- Mongabay (2020, March 25) Biodiversity boon for Niue, the world’s first ‘dark sky nation’. Accessed April 10, 2020.
- NASA Earth Observatory (2014, November 15) Dark Sky Parks.
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This image has been assessed under the valued image criteria and is considered the most valued image on Commons within the scope: Island of Niue - satellite view. You can see its nomination here. |
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current | 09:08, 18 August 2022 | 1,878 × 1,749 (1,012 KB) | Skimel | Cropped 25 % horizontally, 30 % vertically using CropTool with precise mode. | |
10:16, 5 July 2020 | 2,508 × 2,508 (906 KB) | Matthiasb | {{Information |description ={{en|1=Since the late 1980s, experts in light pollution have designated more than 100 “dark sky” places around the world. Scattered across communities, parks, and nature and biological reserves, the sites offer respites from city, suburban, and industrial lights, allowing celestial phenomena to be fully appreciated and more clearly viewed. Now, for the first time, an entire country has [https://www.darksky.org/niue-is-worlds-first-country-to-become-a-dark-sky-pla... |
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