File:RuttenbergImage.jpg

Description: Promotional image of cinematographer--Joseph Ruttenberg. Image may have been cropped, edited for clarity, and is a low resolution capture to prevent piracy.

• Cinematographer: Joseph Rutenberg
• Source of image: Karlsruhe University (Germany)
• Web site: http://www.skuss.uni-karlsruhe.de/Film_und_Medien/StummfilmTage_2007_start.htm

Derived from a digital capture of: the promotional image. The creator of this digital version is irrelevant as the copyright in all equivalent images is still held by the same party. Copyright held by the film company or the artist. The image claimed as fair use regardless.

Although this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws. Wikipedia editor Luigibob claims fair use because:

• This image is being used to illustrate the article of the biography in question and is used for informational purposes only.
• This is a low resolution image. Because of the low resolution, image could not be used to make illegal copies for sale.
• The image has been published outside Wikipedia; see source above.
• It is believed that this image will not devalue the ability of the copyright holder to profit from the original work. In fact, it may encourage sales. As such, the image does not in any way limit the ability of the copyright owners to market or sell their product.
• The image is itself a subject of discussion and used for critical commentary in the article.
• Image is needed for educational purposes in relation to the subject it is discussing and to identify the biographical history of the person.

• The image is significant because it was used to promote a notable film cinematographer.
• The image of Joseph Ruttenbetg is used as the primary means of visual identification in the Joseph Ruttenberg article.

• A FREE licensed media cannot be reasonably found or created because the cinematographer passed away in [1983].

• For the above stated reasons image used for critical commentary, reporting, and/or teaching qualifies as Fair Use.

This is a copyrighted image that has been released by a company or organization to promote their work or product in the media, such as advertising material or a promotional photo in a press kit. The copyright for it is most likely owned by the company who created the promotional item or the artist who produced the item in question; you must provide evidence of such ownership. Lack of such evidence is grounds for deletion. It is believed that the use of some images of promotional material to illustrate: the person(s), product, event, or subject in question; where the image is unrepeatable, i.e. a free image could not be created to replace it; on the English-language Wikipedia, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation; qualifies as fair use under Copyright law of the United States. Any other usage of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, might be copyright infringement. See Wikipedia:Non-free content and Wikipedia:Publicity photos. Additionally, the copyright holder may have granted permission for use in works such as Wikipedia. However, if they have, this permission likely does not fall under a free license. Please note that our policy usually considers fair use images of living people that merely show what they look like to be replaceable by free-licensed images and unsuitable for the project. If this is not the case for this image, a rationale must be provided proving that the image provides information beyond simple identification or showing that this image is difficult to replace by a free-licensed equivalent. Commercial third-party reusers of this image should consider whether their use is in violation of the subject's publicity rights. Fair use //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:RuttenbergImage.jpg true