Atlantic Aircraft Corporation, also known as Fokker-America and Atlantic-Fokker, was a US subsidiary of the Dutch Fokker company, responsible for sales and information about Fokker imports, and eventually constructing various Fokker designs.[1]
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 A Fokker Universal from Western Canada Airways, c.1928 | |
| Industry | Aerospace |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1924 |
| Founders | Anthony Fokker |
| Successor | North American Aviation |
| Headquarters | |
Key people | |
| Parent | General Motors (1929–30) |
History
editIn 1920 Anthony Fokker had established the Netherlands Aircraft Manufacturing Company of Amsterdam as his American sales office.[2] The company's representatives were Robert B. C. Noorduyn and Frits Cremer, a friend and test pilot for Anthony Fokker since before World War I. They successfully sold aircraft imported from Europe in the United States. But Fokker's typical construction of wooden wings and a steel-tube fuselage, both covered with fabric, also attracted the attention of the US Army.[3] This resulted in an order to equip their De Havilland DH.4s with steel fuselages. The only restriction was that these had to be manufactured in the United States, therefore, Fokker purchased the Wittemann-Lewis factory in 1923 and founded the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation in May 1924.[4][failed verification] The company was based in Hasbrouck Heights, New Jersey, and Teterboro, New Jersey. Lorillard Spencer became the president and Robert B. C. Noorduyn the general manager.
The Netherlands Aircraft Manufacturing Company was succeeded by the Fokker Aircraft Corporation, which held the license rights of the Fokker designs and remained responsible for selling the aircraft from the Dutch Fokker factory. In September 1925, the Fokker Aircraft Corporation took over the stocks and orders of the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation, which since then had become a full subsidiary of it. In 1925 the company also began to manufacture one of Noorduyn's own designs, the Fokker Universal.
In 1927 the Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America was founded, which took over the Fokker Aircraft Corporation.[5] A factory at Passaic, New Jersey, was added in 1927, and another at Glen Dale, West Virginia, in August 1928.[6] Although the company had changed its name, many of its products continued to be referred to as "Atlantic" or "Atlantic Fokker" for some years.
Fokker Aircraft Company of America became a subsidiary of General Motors which acquired a 40 percent holding in May 1929, but ended operations the following year as a combination of the effect of the Great Depression and bad publicity surrounding the 1931 crash of a Transcontinental & Western Air Fokker F-10 that killed celebrated football coach Knute Rockne.[7] Fokker ended his association with the American company in 1931. General Motors renamed their aviation subsidiary General Aviation Manufacturing Corporation, which in turn became part of North American Aviation in 1934.[1][8]
Aircraft
edit
| Model name | First flight | Number built | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Atlantic Model 1 | 130 | License built version of Airco DH.4 | |
| Atlantic Model 2 | 1 | Imported Fokker S.III | |
| Atlantic Model 3 | 8 | License built version of Fokker C.IV | |
| Atlantic Model 4 | 44 | Single engine airliner | |
| Atlantic Model 5 | 1 | Prototype light bomber version of Fokker C-7 | |
| Atlantic Model 6 | License built version of Fokker F.VII | ||
| Atlantic Model 7 | 24 | License built version of Fokker F.VII | |
| Atlantic Model 8 | 1928 | ~200 | Single engine airliner |
| Atlantic Model 9 | 1928 | 6 | Single engine air yacht |
| Atlantic Model 10 | 65 | Trimotor airliner | |
| Atlantic Model 11 | 1 | Experimental single engine cabin monoplane | |
| Atlantic Model 12 | 1929 | 7 | Four engine push-pull airliner |
| Atlantic Model 13 | 1 | Prototype single engine monoplane | |
| Atlantic Fokker AF-14 | 1929 | Single engine airliner | |
| Atlantic Fokker AF-15 | 1933 | 5 | Twin engine search and rescue flying boat |
| Atlantic Fokker AF-16 | 1 | Prototype twin engine bomber | |
| Atlantic Fokker AF-17 | 1931 | 1 | Prototype single engine attack airplane |
| Atlantic Fokker AF-18 | 1932 | 1 | Prototype single engine fighter |
| Atlantic XHB-2 | N/A | 0 | Unbuilt heavy bomber (1926) |
| General Aviation GA-43 | 1932 | 5 | Single engine airliner |
References
edit- ^ a b "The Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum Directory of Airplanes their Designers and Manufacturers" ed. Dana Bell, Greenhill Books Ltd. London ISBN 1-85367-490-7, 2002, page 88
- ^ "Fokker Aircraft Builders To The World", Thijs Postma, Jane's Incorporated, NY, ISBN 0-7106-0059-3, 1980, page 49
- ^ "Fokkers 'Roaring Twenties'", Peter F.A. van de Noort, Rebo Produkties, ISBN 90-366-0353-6, page 13 (in Dutch)
- ^ "Once an Enemy". Buffalo Express. 10 October 1923. p. 6. Retrieved 27 June 2022.
- ^ "Fokkers 'Roaring Twenties'", Peter F.A. van de Noort, Rebo Produkties, ISBN 90-366-0353-6, page 30 (in Dutch)
- ^ "The New Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft" Edited by David Mondey, revised and updated by Michael Taylor (Greenwich Editions 10 Blenheim Cort, Brewery RD. London N7 9NT ISBN 0-86288-268-0), 2000, page 111
- ^ "World Encyclopedia of Aircraft Manufacturers" by Bill Gunston, Naval Institute Press Annapolis, MD, ISBN 0-7509-3981-8, 2006, page 31
- ^ "[Press Release]". Aero Digest. Vol. 19, no. 4. Aeronautical Digest Publishing Corporation. October 1931. p. 65. Retrieved 23 June 2021.