Fort Coulonge is a village in the Pontiac Regional County Municipality in western Quebec, Canada, at the mouth of the Coulonge River. It is the francophone centre of the otherwise largely (57%) anglophone Pontiac MRC, with 79.6% listing French as their mother tongue in the Canada 2006 Census.
Fort-Coulonge | |
|---|---|
 Rue Principale in Fort-Coulonge | |
 Location within Pontiac RCM | |
  Fort-Coulonge Location in western Quebec | |
| Coordinates: 45°51′N 76°44′W / 45.850°N 76.733°W[1] | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Quebec |
| Region | Outaouais |
| RCM | Pontiac |
| Constituted | December 15, 1888 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Christine Francoeur |
| • Federal riding | Pontiac |
| • Prov. riding | Pontiac |
| Area | |
• Total | 3.17 km2 (1.22 sq mi) |
| • Land | 2.96 km2 (1.14 sq mi) |
| Population (2021)[3] | |
• Total | 1,312 |
| • Density | 443.9/km2 (1,150/sq mi) |
| • Pop (2016-21) |  8.4% |
| • Dwellings | 605 |
| Time zone | UTC−05:00 (EST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−04:00 (EDT) |
| Postal code(s) | |
| Area code | 819 |
Fort-Coulonge is known for the Félix-Gabriel-Marchand Bridge, Quebec's longest covered bridge which is actually in neighbouring Mansfield-et-Pontefract.
History
edit
In the late 17th century the site was occupied, perhaps intermittently, by members of the d'Ailleboust family, who used "sieur de Coulonge" as a title. Accounts differ: the Commission de toponymie du Québec mentions Nicholas d'Ailleboust de Manthet, who wintered in that location in 1694;[1] Elizabeth Browne Losey says it was founded by the d'Ailleboust family 'as early as 1650'.[4] With the fall of New France it was abandoned.
In 1784, the site was re-occupied when the North West Company built a fort, named Fort Coulonge.[1] When the Hudson's Bay Company took over in 1821 it continued to be supplied from Montreal. Until 1828 it was the head trading post on the Ottawa River. The post engaged in farming, as well as trading with the indigenous Ojibwe and Algonquins. After 1830, as the area became more settled, it became more like a general store. The post's 655-acre (2.65 km2) farm was sold in 1844. In 1855 the surviving store was sold to Thomas Taylor, its last clerk. The buildings were still standing in 1873 but by 1892 they had burned down.[4][5]
The trading post became the village of Fort-Coulonge situated several kilometres down river, when in 1843, the region's first sawmill was built by George Bryson Sr. This was the impetus that led to permanent settlement and the formation of the village. Two year later in 1845, the mission of Saint-Pierre-de-Fort-Coulonge was established, followed by the Presbyterian parish of St. Andrews in 1863. Its post office opened in 1853.[1] By the mid 1860s, the town had a population of about 500.[5]
The first wooden chapel was built in 1873. It was destroyed by fire and replaced by a brick church in 1884. In 1886, the Pontiac Pacific Junction Railway reached Fort-Coulonge. Fort-Coulonge became a municipality in 1888 when it separated from the Township Municipality of Mansfield.[1] John Bryson, son of George Bryson, was the first mayor.[5]
The lumber industry continued to drive the growth of Fort-Coulonge in the 1890s and early 20th century. The many logging camps in the Ottawa Valley created a big demand for accommodation in the town; by the 1890s there were at least 5 hotels. The town's mills produced thousands of feet of cut lumber, as well as pulp wood.[5]
In passenger rail service to Fort-Coulonge ended in 1958, and cargo traffic ended in 1977.[5]
Demographics
editIn the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Fort-Coulonge had a population of 1,312 living in 574 of its 605 total private dwellings, a change of -8.4% from its 2016 population of 1,433. With a land area of 2.96 km2 (1.14 sq mi), it had a population density of 443.2/km2 (1,148.0/sq mi) in 2021.[6]
| 2021 | 2016 | 2011 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 1,312 (-8.4% from 2016) | 1,433 (4.1% from 2011) | 1,377 (+1.4% from 2006) |
| Land area | 2.96 km2 (1.14 sq mi) | 3.10 km2 (1.20 sq mi) | 3.19 km2 (1.23 sq mi) |
| Population density | 443.9/km2 (1,150/sq mi) | 462.4/km2 (1,198/sq mi) | 431.6/km2 (1,118/sq mi) |
| Median age | 48.4 (M: 48.0, F: 48.4) | 46.2 (M: 45.8, F: 46.8) | 44.7 (M: 44.2, F: 45.1) |
| Private dwellings | 605 (total) 574 (occupied) | 644 (total) | 601 (total) |
| Median household income | $60,800 | $49,408 | $35,329 |
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| Source: Statistics Canada[12] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Local government
editList of former mayors:
- Hector Jr Soucie (1968–1999)
- Raymond Durocher (1999–2017)
- Gaston Allard (2017–2020)
- Debbie Laporte (interim 2020)
- Christine Francoeur (2021–present)
See also
edit- Coulonge Chutes
- Cycloparc PPJ - former railway now converted into a bike path
- Esprit Lodge - white water rafting training and certification.
- List of anglophone communities in Quebec
- List of village municipalities in Quebec
References
edit- ^ a b c d e "Banque de noms de lieux du Québec: Reference number 23187". toponymie.gouv.qc.ca (in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec.
- ^ a b "Répertoire des municipalités: Geographic code 84060". www.mamh.gouv.qc.ca (in French). Ministère des Affaires municipales et de l'Habitation.
- ^ a b "Fort-Coulonge, Village (VL) Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Government of Canada - Statistics Canada. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
- ^ a b Elizabeth Browne Losey, "Let Them be Remembered:The Story of the Fur Trade Forts", 1999.
- ^ a b c d e Dempsey, Gary T. (2018). Ottawa Valley Ancestry: A Dempsey Family History (5th ed.). Lulu.com. ISBN 9781387646890. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
- ^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Quebec". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved August 28, 2022.
- ^ "2021 Community Profiles". 2021 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. February 4, 2022. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
- ^ "2016 Community Profiles". 2016 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. August 12, 2021. Retrieved 2019-11-08.
- ^ "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. March 21, 2019. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
- ^ "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. August 20, 2019.
- ^ "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian census. Statistics Canada. July 18, 2021.
- ^ 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census
External links
edit
- Fort-Coulonge (official site; English version)
- CHIP-FM Radio
- Elections Canada Results - 39th General Election (2006)
- Director General of Quebec Elections
- Official Transport Quebec Road Map Archived 2008-05-17 at the Wayback Machine