Francois Preziosi (1921/1922 to 1964) was a United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees official who was killed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo by rebel forces in the midst of the Congo Crisis. He was posthumously awarded the Nansen Refugee Award in 1964.
Francois Preziosi | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1921 or 1922 |
| Died | 17 Aug 1964 |
| Cause of death | Murder |
| Citizenship | France |
| Occupation | UNHCR official |
| Awards | Nansen Refugee Award |
Career
editFrom 1951 to 1956 Preziosi was the Social Affairs Adviser with the United Nations Korean Reconstruction Agency.[1]
In 1964, he was stationed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, working for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees on development projects to support Tutsi refugees.[2]
Death
editOn August 17, 1964, Preziosi travelled to Kalehe to visit Tutsi refugees who had fled Rwanda to Congo, a 33 year old[3] International Labour Organization colleague Jean Plicque volunteered to join the trip just before departure.[4][5] Preziosi was on a mission to discourage Tutsi refugees from collaborating with Congolese rebels, in the hope of improving their treatment from local authorities.[6][5] Both men were being driven by George Yogolero, a Congolese driver.[5]
They had been discouraged from travelling by the Mwami of nearby Kalonge, who warned the men against the trip and of collaboration between Congolese rebels and the Tutsi refugees.[5] The Mwami's perceptions of collaboration were a factor in the poor treatment of the refugees by the Mwami and the local community.[6]
Upon arrival in Kalehe, the car was met by a detachment of Congolese rebels with their commander and a senior officer.[6] Driver Yogolero waved a white handkerchief, and the leader of the detachment ordered Plicque, Preziosi, Yogolero, and the Mwami's representative out of the car. Both Frenchmen were promptly murdered.[6] Yogolero was stabbed in the arm, but escaped along with the Mwami's representative.[6]
Initial press reports relied exclusively on the verbal testimony of George Yogolero who stated that both rebels and refugees attacked the men, however subsequent investigations by Warren A. Pinegar of UNHCR concluded that the rebels perpetrated the violence, as most refugees unsuccessfully plead for the lives of Plicque and Preziosi to be spared.[6] Unbeknown to Plicque and Preziosi at the time, they arrived just as the rebels were finishing trying to unsuccessfully persuade the Tutsi refugees to collaborate with them.[6]
Preziosi was 43 at the time of his death.[2]
Family life
editPreziosi was married. His wife had been evacuated from the Democratic Republic of the Congo to Bujumbura in Burundi just before his death.[2]
Aftermath
editUnited Nations Secretary-General U Thant expressed outrage about the murders.[5]
The Congolese Army recovered the men's bodies[7] which were found with wedding rings on their fingers.[6] The presence of valuable wedding rings led the UNHCR officials to believe that they were immediately buried by the Tutsi rebels.[6] A funeral was held for both men on 31 August 1964 in Bukavu cathedral.[6]
Preziosi was posthumously awarded the Nansen Refugee Award (for Outstanding service to the cause of refugees) in 1964.[8]
See also
edit- Rwandan revolution (1959 to 1961)
- United Nations Operation in the Congo
References
edit- ^ Photo, U. N. (1956-02-01). "Mr. Francois Preziosi". www.unmultimedia.org. Retrieved 2022-08-04.
- ^ a b c FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT. "Congo Killing Of U.N. Officials." Times, 19 Aug. 1964, p. 10. The Times Digital Archive, link-gale-com.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/apps/doc/CS170616595/TTDA?u=wikipedia&sid=bookmark-TTDA&xid=ac36626e. Accessed 4 Aug. 2022.
- ^ West Africa. (1964). United Kingdom: West Africa Publishing Company Limited. p985
- ^ "UNHCR pays tribute to staff killed in the line of duty, marking World Humanitarian Day 2013". UNHCR Hong Kong. Retrieved 2022-08-03.
- ^ a b c d e "Two U.N. Officials Murdered in Congo At Refugee Camp; Thant Expresses His Shock". Kabul Times. 19 Aug 1964. p. 4.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress. (1965). United States: U.S. Government Printing Office. p9330
- ^ "Bodies of U. N. Aides Found". The New York Times. 1964-08-31. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-08-03.
- ^ "British Woman Gets Nansen Medal". The New York Times. 21 October 1964. ProQuest 115912768.
External links
edit- Photo of Prezoisi
- Audio interview file that includes interview with Preziosi at 6-minute 19-second mark