Frederick Sydney Dainton, Baron Dainton, Kt, FRS,[1] FRSE (11 November 1914 – 5 December 1997) was a British academic chemist and university administrator.
The Lord Dainton | |
|---|---|
 Dainton, 1990s | |
| Member of the House of Lords | |
| In office 1986–1997 | |
A graduate of Oxford and Cambridge, he was successively Professor of Physical Chemistry at the University of Leeds, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Nottingham, Dr Lee's Professor of Chemistry at Oxford and Chancellor of the University of Sheffield.
Early life and education
editDainton was born in Sheffield on 11 November 1914, the son of George Whalley Dainton (born 1857), a Clerk of Works to a building contractor, and his second wife Mary Jane Bottrill,[2] as the youngest of nine children.[3] He obtained a scholarship to the Central Secondary School in Sheffield, but it was in the public library that he became enthused of chemistry by reading the books of Sidgwick and Hinshelwood.
Dainton won an Exhibition at St John's College, Oxford with a supplementary grant and loan from the City of Sheffield, which enabled him to study chemistry,[3] gaining a first class degree in 1937.[4] He then moved to Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge where he received his PhD in 1940 working on photochemistry under Ronald Norrish, FRS.[3]
Academic career
editBeing short-sighted Dainton was unfit for military service and stayed to teach at Cambridge during the Second World War. In 1945 he became a Fellow of St Catharine's College, Cambridge.
In polymer chemistry he explained the thermodynamics of the ceiling temperature of depolymerizable polymers in 1948.[5]
In 1950 Dainton was appointed Professor of Physical Chemistry at the University of Leeds, specialising in radiation chemistry; work which resulted in his election as a Fellow of the Royal Society.[3]
In 1965 Dainton left Leeds to become Vice-Chancellor of the University of Nottingham.[3] During this period he chaired a Government enquiry into the decline in university entrants in science and technology, published in 1968 as The Swing away from Science and generally known as the Dainton Report.[4]
In 1970 Dainton was appointed Dr Lee's Professor of Chemistry and a Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford,[6] moving on in 1973 to become Chairman of the University Grants Committee where he remained until 1985.[4] In 1970 he also became the second chairman of the Council for Scientific Policy.
From 1978 until his death Dainton was Chancellor of the University of Sheffield, the first Yorkshireman to hold the post.[4]
Honours
editDainton was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1957 and in 1996 he was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (FRSE).[2] In 1972, he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.[7] He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1991.[8]
Dainton was awarded the Davy Medal in 1969 and the Faraday Medal in 1974. He was awarded the inaugural President's Medal of the Institute of Physics in 1998.[9]
He was awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Science (DSc) by the University of Bath in 1970.[10]
Dainton was knighted in 1971 and received a life peerage as Baron Dainton, of Hallam Moors in South Yorkshire on 14 February 1986.[11]
Marriage and children
editWhilst at Cambridge Dainton met (and in 1942 married) a zoology research student, Barbara Hazlitt Wright (died 12 April 2009). They were married for 55 years and had a son and two daughters.one of the daughters-mary-had two daughters- Penelope and Harriet then had children, one of which (Ingrid) was very close with Mary.[3]
Death
editLord Dainton died in Oxford on 5 December 1997 at the age of 83.[2]
Selected publications
edit- Science: Salvation or Damnation (1971)
- Doubts and Certainties: A Personal Memoir of the 20th Century (2000)
References
edit- ^ Gray, P.; Ivin, K. J. (2000). "Frederick Sydney Dainton. 11 November 1914 -- 5 December 1997: Elected F.R.S. 1957". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 46: 85. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1999.0075. S2CID 61318981.
- ^ a b c C D Waterston; A Macmillan Shearer (July 2006). Former Fellows of The Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1783–2002: Part 1 (A–J) (PDF). Royal Society of Edinburgh. ISBN 090219884X. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 January 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f Ivin, Ken. "Baron DAINTON OF HALLAM MOORS" (PDF). Rse.org.uk. Royal Society of Edinburgh : Obituary. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2006. Retrieved 30 December 2018.
- ^ a b c d University of Sheffield. "Dainton Papers". Shef.ac.uk. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
- ^ Dainton, F. S.; Ivin, K. J. (30 October 1948). "Reversibility of the Propagation Reaction in Polymerization Processes and its Manifestation in the Phenomenon of a 'Ceiling Temperature'". Nature. 162 (4122): 705–707. Bibcode:1948Natur.162..705D. doi:10.1038/162705a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 4105548.
- ^ University of Sheffield, Dainton papers, obituary
- ^ "Frederick Sydney Dainton". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Retrieved 7 April 2022.
- ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 7 April 2022.
- ^ "President's medal recipients". Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 6 July 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
- ^ "Honorary Graduates 1966 to 1988". Bath.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 25 May 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
- ^ "No. 50438". The London Gazette. 21 February 1986. p. 2529.