Frederick III, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg

Frederick III
Frederick III
Prince of Salm-Kyrburg
Reign	1779–1794
Predecessor	Philip Joseph
Successor	Frederick IV
Born	May 3, 1744
Died	July 23, 1794 (aged 50); Paris, France
Burial	Picpus Cemetery, Paris
Spouse	Princess Johanna Francesca of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Issue	Hereditary Prince Frederick Henry Otto; Prince Frederick Emmanuel; Frederick IV, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg; Princess Philippine Friederike
Father	Philip Joseph, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg
Mother	Princess Maria Theresa of Hornes

Frederick III, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg (Frederick John Otto Francis Christian Philip; 1744–1794) was the prince of Salm-Kyrburg, Hornes and Overijse, Gemen and Count of Solre-le-Château. He was the eldest son of Philip Joseph, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg and Princess Maria Theresa of Hornes, and he grew up at the French court. Through his mother, the eldest daughter of Maximilian, Prince of Hornes, he inherited all the possessions of the Hornes family. He held the title from 1779 to 1794.

Life

Portret van de legeraanvoerder Frederik III, Rijngraaf van Salm, RP-P-OB-66.640

Frederick III was many times confused with a relative Johann Friedrich von Salm-Grumbach who also was styled as Rhinegrave of Salm.^[1]

In 1794, he was guillotined together with Alexandre de Beauharnais, the lover of his sister Amalie Zephyrine van Salm-Kyrburg, for their ties with the "Ancien Régime".

Hôtel de Salm

Hôtel de Salm courtyard

Frederick commissioned the construction of the Hôtel de Salm in Paris, where Madame de Stael gave her soirees in 1797. From 1804, the Légion d'honneur resided in the building, but it was destroyed by fire in 1871. The structure was rebuilt and is now known as the Palais de la Légion d'Honneur. Henry Hope wanted to copy the Hôtel de Salm in Haarlem, for his Villa Welgelegen.

Marriage and issue

Frederick married in 1781 to Princess Johanna Francesca of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, daughter of Karl Friedrich, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. They had four children, of whom only one lived to adulthood:

Princess Philippine Friederike Wilhelmine (1783–1786)
Hereditary Prince Frederick Henry Otto (1785–1786)
Prince Frederick Emmanuel Otto Louis Philip Conrad (1786)
Prince Frederick IV Ernest Otto Philip Anton Furnibert (1789–1859), his father's successor