54°57′11″N 1°36′38″W / 54.95306°N 1.61056°W Gateshead Talmudical College (Hebrew: ישיבת בית יוסף גייטסהעד), popularly known as Gateshead Yeshiva, is located in the Bensham area of Gateshead in North East England. It is the largest yeshiva in Europe and considered to be one of the most prestigious advanced yeshivas in the Orthodox world.[1][2] The student body currently (as of 2019) numbers approx. 350.[3] Although students are mainly British, there are European, American, Canadians as well as some from South America, Australia and South Africa. Most students are Litvish, but up to a third are Hasidic.[4]
History
editThe yeshiva was founded in Gateshead in 1929[5] by Reb Dovid Dryan, with the Chofetz Chaim serving as an active patron[6] and appointing the original head of the yeshiva. The first rosh yeshiva and menahel (principal) were respectively Rabbi Nachman Landinski and Rabbi Eliezer Kahan, both alumni of the famed Novardok yeshiva network and both of whom had escaped Communist Russia religious persecution by escaping across the border from Russia to Poland.
Originally, Rabbi Avraham Sacharov was designated as first rosh yeshiva, but Chief Rabbi Joseph Hertz asked William Joynson Hicks, the Home Secretary, to block Sacharov's immigration in an attempt to prevent the establishment of a yeshiva outside his jurisdiction. The attempt failed and Landynski, Sacharov's brother-in-law, was appointed instead.[7][8] At its inception, Gateshead Yeshiva was seen as a branch of Novardok, officially sharing its doctrines, ideals and methodology and named "Yeshivas Beis Yosef" in common with other branches of Novardok.
By 1948,[9] an official American fundraising (including registration as a domestic not-for-profit corporation) was established.[10] (501(C)3)[11]
As of 2020, the Yeshiva is the only one in England to have government accreditation,[12] and the lunchroom has been rated "5 (Very Good)" for Food Hygiene.[13]
Notable faculty
editRoshei yeshiva:
- 1929-1951: Rabbi Nachman Dovid Landinski, an alumnus of Radin, Eishyshok,[14] Kelm, Mir, Łomża and Suvalk yeshivas
Biography
editRabbi Nachman Dovid was born in Radin in 1902. His father was Rabbi Moshe Landinski, Rosh Yeshivas Radin and Rosh Kollel Kodshim. Already at a young age his prodigious mind was apparent, at the age of nine he was sent away from home to study under the tutelage of R' Zundel M'eishyshok.[15] By the time of his bar-mitzvah he was farhered on Tumim Baal Peh.[clarification needed] After studying in Novardok he continued on to serve as Rosh Yeshiva in several Novardok yeshivos (Novardok had a large network of yeshivos), although he eventually came to the attention of the Communist authorities, and had to escape from town to town, where he would continue to give talks to the local young men.
After escaping White Russia he was appointed Rosh Yeshiva of Vishkava, a suburb of Warsaw, Poland. His students benefitted from his tremendous koach hasbarah.[clarification needed] Shortly after 1930,[16] upon the recommendation of the Chafetz Chaim,[17] he was appointed Rosh Yeshiva of Gateshead, or to put it more accurately he was appointed with the task of "establishing" a yeshiva in Gateshead. Reb Nachman Dovid invested all his talent into securing students and funds for the fledgling yeshiva,[18] and thus established a place of Torah in the English "wasteland".
He often gave his lessons with no books open in front of him, displaying an uncommon talmudic mastery.[15]
In the aftermath of the war the Rosh Yeshiva took in Rabbi Leib Lopian and Rabbi Leib Gurwicz as maggidei shiur,[clarification needed] the former in 1947,[19] the latter in 1948.[20]
The Rosh Yeshiva's son Yankel Landinski was diagnosed with hemophilia, and the students set up a blood bank for him. In 1951 the Rosh Yeshiva brought him to the USA for treatment, but eventually he succumbed to his disease. In the Rosh Yeshiva's absence the Yeshiva was taken over by Rabbis Lopian and Gurwicz. When the Rosh Yeshiva planned on returning, he was informed that they should not return to him his position;[15] something that Rabbi Shakovitzki declared to be a tremendous avlah.[clarification needed]
The Rosh Yeshiva passed away in 1968[21] in the United States.
- 1947-1979: Rabbi Leib Lopian, son of Rabbi Elyah Lopian, an alumnus of Telz yeshiva
- 1947-1982: Rabbi Leib Gurwicz, an alumnus of Mir, Baranovitch and Brisk yeshivas
- 1984-: Rosh Yeshiva: Rabbi Avrohom Gurwicz, an alumnus of Brisk yeshiva, and a past student[22]
Mashgichim:
- Rabbi Moshe Schwab[23][24]
- Rabbi Matisyohu Salomon
- Rabbi Mordechai Yosef Karnowsky
Notable alumni
editOver its history, Gateshead Yeshiva has produced thousands[25][22] of alumni, among them prominent rabbis.
- Dayan Berel Berkovits (Dayan of the Federation of Synagogues)
- Yigal Calek, conductor and composer
- Rabbi Dr. Nathan Lopes Cardozo (founder and Dean of the David Cardozo Academy)[26]
- Rabbi Pini Dunner (Senior Rabbi at Beverly Hills Synagogue, California, USA)[27]
- Dayan Chanoch Ehrentreu, (head dayan of London Beth Din)
- Professor Paul W. Franks (professor of Jewish Philosophy, Yale University)
- Rabbi Boruch Horovitz, (Rosh Yeshiva of Dvar Yerushalayim)
- Rabbi Yaakov Moshe Hillel, (Rosh Yeshiva of Ahavat Shalom)
- Dayan Casriel Dovid Kaplin (dayan of London Beth Din)
- Rabbi Daniel Lapin
- Professor Ze'ev Lev (founder of the Jerusalem College of Technology)
- Paul Reichmann, Canadian businessman
- Rabbi Jonathan Rietti (lecturer at Gateways)[28]
- Dayan Yehuda Refson (Chief religious judge Leeds, England)[29]
- Rabbi Yitzchok Tuvia Weiss (Gaavad, Edah HaChareidis, Jerusalem)
Hashkafa
editThe yeshiva was originally established as a branch of the Novardok network of yeshivas then existing in Eastern Europe. The primary focal point of Novardok hashkafa is extreme reliance on Divine providence and commitment to achieving spiritual goals without feeling encumbered by physical and material constraints.
Buildings and structure
editWhen Rabbi Landinski arrived in Gateshead he began to teach in the 'Blechenner Shul', a tin shed synagogue, which in 1939 was replaced with the current Gateshead community synagogue. The original building procured by the yeshiva was at 179 Bewick Road. As the yeshiva expanded it acquired neighbouring properties in Rectory Road and at 177 Bewick Road. In 1961 a new building was erected at 88 Windermere Street to house a new beth hamedresh (the hall used for study and prayer), with the dining room on the floor below and the kitchens in the basement. The old beth hamedresh building at 179 Bewick Road and neighbouring houses in Rectory Road were demolished to make way for a new two-storey dormitory block, Clore House, which was opened in 1963, forming the beginnings of the yeshiva campus. A later three-storey building further up Bewick Road joined the first dormitory block and attached the yeshiva dormitories with the back of the study hall via a bridge. Later on, in 1992, a new building, Sebba House was built, which consisted of a more modern dormitory building for about 70 students. In 1997 a new building, Tiferes Yonasan, was erected, which attached the study hall further down Windermere Street to the dormitories and extended the main building, including the study hall and the dining room. The last extension on the right hand side added more lecture halls. In addition, these extensions created a courtyard leading on from the back alley, from Rydal Street.
Gateshead Foundation for Torah
editThe Gateshead Foundation for Torah was established in 1966 "to further the publication of Jewish literature."[30] Among the works they've published are:
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "This is a group photo of the students and staff of the famous Gateshead Yeshiva probably from the early 1930s. Today this is the most important yeshiva in ..." "Gateshead Talmudical College, early 1930s". January 1930.
- ^ Liphshiz, Cnaan (3 October 2017). "Why Orthodox Jews are flocking to this gritty English town". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
- ^ Sherwood, Harriet (22 December 2019). "Torah on Tyne: how Orthodox Jews carved out their very own Oxbridge". The Guardian.
- ^ Judah, Jacob (11 March 2020). "In This Northern English Town, a Pizzeria Can Divide the Jewish Community". Haaretz. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
There is an informal cap on the number of Hasidim that Gateshead Yeshiva accepts per year: No more than one-third of the intake can be Hasidic – a legacy of bitter disputes between Hasidic and Lithuanian Jewry in Eastern Europe.
- ^ "The Gateshead Yeshivah, founded in 1929 as the Talmudical College, is the largest Charedi institution of its sort in Europe, and one of the most prestigious ... William D. Rubinstein; Michael Jolles; Hilary L. Rubinstein (2011). The Palgrave Dictionary of Anglo-Jewish History. Palgrave Macmillan UK. ISBN 978-1403939104.
- ^ "Gurwicz". JewishGen.org.
Gateshead ... traveled to the elder sage of the generation, the Chofetz Chaim, ...
- ^ Alderman, Geoffrey (1998). Modern British Jewry. Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-820759-7.
- ^ "RABBI ABRAHAM SACHAROV. (Hansard, 8 February 1926)". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 8 February 1926. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
- ^ November 11, 1948
- ^ "American Committee of the Gatehead Talmudical College, Inc".
- ^ "American Friends Of Gateshead Talmudical College".
- ^ adminSIS. "Gateshead Talmudical College". School Inspection Service.
- ^ "Gateshead Talmudical College Food Hygiene rating". 22 March 2016.
- ^ Eišiškės, see ISBN 978-0316232395
- ^ a b c פלאטו, מנחם (2001). ראדין בשבילי (in Hebrew). במכון בשבילי הישיבות. p. 349.
- ^ "JCR-UK: Rabbinical Profiles of Orthodox Ministers whose Surnames begin with L". www.jewishgen.org. Retrieved 1 September 2024.
- ^ Doe, John (4 May 2011). "Gateshead's Twenty-First Century Shtetl". Mishpacha Magazine. Retrieved 1 September 2024.
- ^ Dansky, Miriam (1992). Gateshead. Feldheim Publishers. ISBN 0944070884.
- ^ "JCR-UK: Rabbinical Profiles of Orthodox Ministers whose Surnames begin with L". JewishGen. Retrieved 1 September 2024.
- ^ "JCR-UK: Rabbinical Profiles of Orthodox Ministers whose Surnames begin with G". JewishGen. Retrieved 1 September 2024.
- ^ "JCR-UK: Rabbinical Profiles of Orthodox Ministers whose Surnames begin with L". JewishGen. Retrieved 1 September 2024.
- ^ a b Binyamin Rose (20 January 2016). "Times (Don't) Change in Gateshead". Mishpacha.
- ^ "Daily Reminder: Zechiras Miriam". 28 October 2020.
Rav Moshe Schwab the Mashgiach of the Gateshead Yeshiva explained as follows
- ^ Jonathan Rosenblum (15 January 2004). "Rabbi Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler, zt"l: Builder of Torah". London Jewish Tribune.
By early 1942, .. and Rabbi Moshe Schwab, the future Mashgiach of Gateshead Yeshiva
- ^ "Some 6,000 talmidim have learned at the Gateshead Yeshiva since its inception.
- ^ Doreen Wachmann. "Rabbi wants".
... studied at Gateshead Yeshiva for eight years.
- ^ Rabbi Pini Dunner, Rav of Young Israel North Beverly Hills (26 January 2017). "Memoirs of a forgotten rabbi".
When I arrived at Gateshead Yeshiva ...
- ^ "Rabbi Jonathan Rietti". Jroot Radio. Archived from the original on 28 August 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
Rabbi Jonathan Rietti - a descendant of the Sephardic leader the Ben Ish Chai received his rabbinical ordination from Gateshead Yeshiva.
- ^ "Rabbi Yaakov Yehuda Refson". anash.org. 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
- ^ "Gateshead on Tyne".
- ^ Aryeh Ze'ev Gurwicz (1976). Sefer Roshei she'arim.
- ^ Mordechai Miller, Vice Principal, Jewish Teachers' Training College, Gateshead. Rabbi M. Miller (1969). Sabbath Shiurim: 5729. Feldheim. ISBN 0-87306-403-8.
- ^ Rabbi M. Miller (1979). Sabbath Shiurim: 5739. Feldheim. ISBN 0-87306-404-6.
Sources
edit- Gateshead: Its community, Its personalities, Its Institutions by Miriam Dansky (1992), ISBN 0-944070-88-4 is a unique history of the Gateshead Jewish community and in particular its famous yeshiva.
- Gateshead Book of Days by Jo Bath, Richard F. Stevenson (2013), ISBN 0750951923