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George Brown (admiral)

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For other people with the same name, see George Brown.

Rear Admiral George Brown (June 19, 1835 – June 29, 1913) was an officer of the United States Navy who served during the American Civil War.

George Brown
Born(1835-06-19)June 19, 1835
Rushville, Indiana, U.S.
DiedJune 29, 1913(1913-06-29) (aged 78)
Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.
Allegiance United States
Service / branch United States Navy
Years of service1849–1897
RankRear admiral
Commands
Battles / warsAmerican Civil War

Biography

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Brown was born in Rushville, Indiana, and entered the navy as a midshipman on February 5, 1849. He subsequently served aboard the Cumberland in the Mediterranean Squadron (1849–1851) and St. Lawrence in the Pacific Squadron (1851–1854).[1] He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1855.[2]

He served throughout the Civil War, first as inspector of ordnance for the Powhatan (rank lieutenant), then as commander of the Octorara with the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, during which time he was promoted to lieutenant commander. He especially distinguished himself on the night of February 24, 1863, when, in command of the river gunboat Indianola at Palmyra Island, he defended himself for an hour and a half against four Confederate gunboats. He was wounded and taken prisoner, and his vessel was destroyed. He was held at Libby Prison in Richmond, Virginia until exchanged in May 1863. He commandeered and armed the civilian vessel Union at Marion, Indiana for defense against Morgan's Raiders in July 1863. Later he commanded the Itasca at the Battle of Mobile Bay in 1864.

After the war, Brown was promoted to commander in July 1866.[3] He conveyed the former CSS Stonewall to Japan, to which it had been sold. From 1870 to 1872, Brown served as the commanding officer of the sidewheel steamer Michigan.[3] He also was elected a First Class Companion of the Indiana Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States.

Brown became a captain in April 1877, after being appointed to command the Department of Alaska, and was promoted to commodore in September 1887[4] and rear admiral in September 1893. He commanded the Pacific Squadron from January 1890 to January 1893.[5][6]

In June and July 1891 he was in Chilean waters involved in the Itata Incident which was a diplomatic affair and military incident involving the United States and Chile during the 1891 Chilean Civil War. The incident concerned an attempted arms shipment by the rebel ship Itata from the U.S. to Chile. He was accused by opponents of the administration of having gone beyond his public orders to become involved in intrigues with the combatants. Theodore Roosevelt defends Brown from these charges in his book, Campaigns and Controversies.[7]

Brown was commandant of the Norfolk Navy Yard in 1886–90, and again in 1893–97, when he retired to Indianapolis.[8] There, he served as president of the Indianapolis Street Railway Company. Brown died from heart disease at his home in the Woodruff Place neighborhood.[9] He was interred at the Crown Hill Cemetery.[10]

Personal life

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Brown's wife was Kate Morris.[8] Two of his sons, George, Jr. and Hugh, became officers in the U.S. Navy.[9]

Dates of rank

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  • Midshipman – 5 February 1849
  • Passed midshipman – 12 June 1855
  • Master – 16 September 1855
  • Lieutenant – 2 June 1856
  • Lieutenant commander – 16 July 1862
  • Commander – 25 July 1866
  • Captain – 25 April 1877
  • Commodore – 4 September 1887
  • Rear admiral – 27 September 1893
  • Retired list – 19 June 1897

Notes

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  1. ^ Hamersly, Lewis R. (1878). "Captain George Brown". The Records of Living Officers of the U. S. Navy and Marine Corps: Compiled from Official Sources. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: J. B. Lippincott & Co. p. 128. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  2. ^ Marshall, Edward Chauncey (1862). History of the United States Naval Academy, with Biographical Sketches. New York, New York: D. Van Nostrand. p. 148. ISBN 978-1-4290-2050-3. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  3. ^ a b Hamersly, Lewis Randolph (1902). "George Brown". The Records of Living Officers of the U. S. Navy and Marine Corps: Compiled from Official Sources. New York, New York: L. R. Hamersly Co. pp. 48–49. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  4. ^ Register of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Navy of the United States, and of the Marine Corps, to January 1, 1890. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1890. pp. 4–5. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  5. ^ "Commodore Brown". San Jose Daily Mercury. Vol. XXXVII, no. 25. January 25, 1890. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  6. ^ "Admiral Skerrett in Command". The Morning Call. Vol. LXXIII, no. 43. San Francisco, California. January 12, 1893. p. 2. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  7. ^ Roosevelt, pp. 152–54.
  8. ^ a b BROWN, George in Who's Who in America (1901-1902 edition), via archive.org
  9. ^ a b "Noted Sea Fighter Has Been Called". The Richmond Palladium and Sun-Telegram. Vol. XXXVIII, no. 200. Richmond, Indiana. June 30, 1913. p. 10. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
  10. ^ "Comstock Answers Ralston's Welcome to Army Veterans: Richmond Man, Retiring From High Office, Recalls Trials of War Times in Capital". The Richmond Palladium and Sun-Telegram. Vol. XXXIX, no. 152. Richmond, Indiana. May 7, 1914. pp. 1, 10. Retrieved 2023-12-08.

References

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  • This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help) [1]
  • Roosevelt, Theodore. Campaigns and Controversies. Kessinger Publishing, 2005.
  • The Union Army, Vol VII, The Navy, pp. 17–18
  • Indiana in the Civil War website, entry for George Brown
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