Ulpianum[4] was a fort in the Roman province of Dacia.[2][3] Traces of the castra built in the 2nd century AD can be identified at the confluence of the rivers Someșul Mic and Căpuş in the Bánffy Castle's park at Gilău (Romania).[2] A vicus developed south and west of the fort.[5] A large building, 41x41m, within the fort is considered to have been either a valetudinarium or a fabrica.[6]
| Ulpianum | |
|---|---|
 Roman castra of Gilău, modern Romania | |
  Location within Romania | |
| Alternative name(s) | Castra of Gilău |
| Founded during the reign of | Trajan[1] |
| Founded | 2nd century AD[2][3] |
| Abandoned | 3rd century AD[2][3] |
| Place in the Roman world | |
| Province | Dacia |
| Administrative unit | Dacia Porolissensis |
| Administrative unit | Dacia Superior |
| Directly connected to | |
| Structure | |
| — Stone structure — | |
| Size and area | 138 m × 221 m (3 ha) |
| Stationed military units | |
| — Cohorts — | |
| — Alae — | |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 46°45′26″N 23°22′50″E / 46.757343°N 23.380517°E |
| Altitude | 530 m |
| Town | Gilău |
| County | Cluj |
| Country |  Romania |
| Reference | |
| RO-LMI | CJ-I-s-A-07068.01[3] |
| RO-RAN | 57911.01[2] |
| Site notes | |
| Recognition |  National Historical Monument |
| Condition | Ruined |
The fort and its vicus were both abandoned in the 3rd century.[2][3]
History
editThe fort known three main phases of development:[7]
1. After Trajan's Dacian Wars a wood and earth castra of 130x116m was built and garrisoned by Cohors I Pannonia veterana pia fidelis equitata.
2. The fort was enlarged during the reign of Hadrian and Ala Siliana replaced the former unit stationed.
3. The defences of the fort were rebuilt in stone and the internal plan was changed during a third phase, towards the end of the second century.
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ "Repertoriul Arheologic Naţional". ran.cimec.ro. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
- ^ a b c d e f "Castrul roman şi vicus-ul militar de la Gilău - "Avicola"". National Archaeological Record of Romania (RAN). ran.cimec.ro. 2012-08-08. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
- ^ a b c d e "Lista Monumentelor Istorice 2010 ("2010 List of Historic Monuments")" (PDF). Monitorul Oficial al României, Partea I, Nr. 670 ("Romania's Official Journal, Part I, Nr. 670"), page 758. Ministerul Culturii şi Patrimoniului Naţional. 1 October 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 June 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
- ^ Deac, Dan (2013-01-01). "Dan Deac, The Toponymy of Dacia Porolissensis. Recent Research and New Approaches". Ephemeris Napocensis XXIII.
- ^ "Repertoriul Arheologic Naţional". ran.cimec.ro. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
- ^ Boragno, Lorenzo (6 January 2022). "The iron of the Empire: the production of iron made military equipment in the province of Dacia (AD 106 - AD 270)" (PDF). HAL. p. 264. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ Boragno (2022), p. 263.
External links
edit
Media related to Castra of Gilău at Wikimedia Commons- Roman castra from Romania - Google Maps / Earth Archived 2012-12-05 at archive.today
46°45′N 23°23′E / 46.750°N 23.383°E
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