Godfrey I (died 1002), called the Prisoner or the Captive[1] (le Captif), sometimes the Old (le Vieux), was the count of Bidgau and Methingau from 959 and the sovereign count of Verdun[2][3] 963 to his death. In 969, he obtained the Margraviate of Antwerp and Ename. Between 974 and 998, he was also the sovereign count of Hainault and Mons.
Godfrey I, Count of Verdun | |
|---|---|
 A portrait of Godefroy Ier comte de Verdun | |
| Died | 1002 |
| Noble family | House of Ardennes-Verdun |
| Spouse(s) | Matilda of Saxony |
| Father | Gozlin, Count of Bidgau and Methingau |
| Mother | Oda of Metz |
He was the founder of the House of Ardennes-Verdun, a cadet branch of the House of Ardennes. He was always loyal to the Ottonians, to whom he was related through his maternal grandmother.
Life
editHe was the son of Gozlin, Count of Bidgau and Methingau, and Oda of Metz.[4] He was the brother of Adalberon, Archbishop of Reims, who crowned Hugh Capet the king of France.
He is styled as Count by the grace of God of [1] in 963 and already count of Bidgau and Methingau through inheritance since 959. In 974, he became count of Mons, and Hainault jointly with Arnold, Count of Valenciennes, after the fall of Reginar III. Charles, Duke of Lower Lorraine, was a supporter of Reginar and defeated Godfrey and Arnold at Mons in 976, where the former was captured.
After his release, he was at the side of the Emperor Otto II fighting Lothair of France at Verdun in 985, but he was again taken captive, along with his son Frederick, and held several years.[5][6] He was released in 987 by Hugh Capet, whose political ally was Bishop Adalberon, Godfrey's brother,[7] who had crowned Hugh. Godfrey continued to be an enemy of Charles of Lower Lorraine, Hugh's Carolingian rival.[7]
In 989, he was made prisoner a third time by Herbert III of Vermandois. He was liberated before 995, when he appears at the synod of Mousson. In 998, he lost his Hainault portion (the county of Mons) to Reginar IV.
Family
editIn 963, he married Matilda, daughter of Herman, Duke of Saxony, of the Billung family, a widow of Baldwin III of Flanders.[8] He had the following issue:
- Frederick (d. 1022), count of Verdun[9]
- Godfrey (d. 1023), duke of Lower Lorraine (1012–1023)[9]
- Adalberon (d. 988), bishop of Verdun (984–988)[10]
- Herman of Ename (d. 1024), count of Brabant (retired as a monk in the abbey of Verdun abt. 1022)[9]
- Gothelo (d. 1044), margrave of Antwerp, duke of Lower (1023–1044) and later also Upper (1033–1044) Lorraine
- Ermengarde (d. 1042), married Otto of Hammerstein, count in the Wettergau
- Probably Ermentrude, who married Arnold de Rumigny (d. 1010), lord of Florennes
- Adela, married Count Godizo of Aspelt. Their daughter Irmgard married Berthold von Walbeck, son of Lothair I, Margrave of the Nordmark.
Notes
edit- ^ Murray 2000, p. 6.
- ^ Jan, Régine Le; Lejan, Régine (1995). Famille et pouvoir dans le monde franc (VIIe-Xe siècle): Essai d'anthropologie sociale. ISBN 9782859442682.
- ^ Jan, Régine Le; LeJan, Régine (1995). Famille et pouvoir dans le monde franc (VIIe-Xe siècle): essai d'anthropologie sociale (in French). Publications de la Sorbonne. ISBN 978-2-85944-268-2.
- ^ Reuter 1978, p. 234.
- ^ McKitterick 1999, p. 327.
- ^ Murray 2000, p. 7.
- ^ a b Bradbury 2007, p. 72.
- ^ Tanner 1991, p. 254.
- ^ a b c Healy 2006, p. 36.
- ^ Healy 2006, p. 30.
References
edit- Bradbury, Jim (2007). The Capetians: Kings of France, 987-1328. Hambledon Continuum.
- Healy, Patrick (2006). The Chronicle of Hugh of Flavigny: Reform and the Investiture Contest in the Late Eleventh Century. Ashgate Publishing Limited.
- McKitterick, Rosamond (1999). The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians. Longman Group UK Limited.
- Murray, Alan V. (2000). The Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: A Dynastic History 1099-1125. Oxford University Press.
- Reuter, Timothy (1978). Medieval Nobility: Studies on the Ruling Classes of France and Germany from the Sixth to the Twelfth Century. Elsevier Science Ltd.
- Tanner, Heather J. (1991). Chibnall, Marjorie (ed.). "The Expansion of the Power and Influence of the Counts of Boulogne under Eustace II". Anglo-Norman Studies: XIV. Proceedings of the Battle Conference. The Boydell Press.