Hemerocallis citrina

Hemerocallis citrina
	At the Jardin des Plantes, Paris
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Asphodelaceae
Subfamily:	Hemerocallidoideae
Genus:	Hemerocallis
Species:	H. citrina
Binomial name
	Hemerocallis citrina; Baroni

Hemerocallis citrina, common names citron daylily^[2] and long yellow daylily, is a species of herbaceous perennial plant in the family Asphodelaceae.

Description

Hemerocallis citrina can reach a height of 90–120 centimetres (35–47 in). It has bright green, linear arching leaves about 40 cm long. Flowers are lemon yellow, trumpet-shaped, showy and very fragrant, about 15 centimetres (5.9 in) in diameter. They bloom from June to July.

Long yellow day lily is cultivated in Asia for its edible flowers.

Distribution and habitat

This species is native to East Asia and China. It grows in forest margins, grassy fields and slopes, at an elevation of 0–2,000 metres (0–6,562 ft) above sea level.

Constituents

There is a belief that this plant contains colchicine. However, this plant doesn't have colchicine.^[3]

Culinary uses

The tubers, inflorescences, buds and flowers can all be cooked and eaten.

Dried or fresh flowers, sometimes called "gum jum" or "golden needles" (Chinese: 金針; pinyin: jīnzhēn) or as huánghuācài (黃花菜, lit. 'yellow flower vegetable') are used in Chinese cuisine for dishes including hot and sour soup, daylily soup (金針花湯), Buddha's delight, and moo shu pork.^[4]

In Burmese, dried daylily flowers are called pangyauk (ပန်းခြောက်; lit. 'dried flower'), and feature in several soups and Burmese salads, including kya zan hinga.

Toxicity

Consuming its raw or undercooked non-dried flowers may cause unwellness.^[5] Symptoms include vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea.^[6]

References

^ "Hemerocallis citrina Baroni". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
^ NRCS. "Hemerocallis citrina". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 19 January 2016.
^ Qing ZX, Liu JH, Yi XX, Liu XB, Hu GA, Lao J, He W, Yang ZH, Zou XY, Sun MS, Huang P, Zeng JG (2021). "The chromosome-level Hemerocallis citrina Borani genome provides new insights into the rutin biosynthesis and the lack of colchicine". Horticulture Research. 8 (1). Nature Portfolio: 89. Bibcode:2021HorR....8...89Q. doi:10.1038/s41438-021-00539-6. PMC 8027641. PMID 33828071.
^ "Hemerocallis citrina". Archived from the original on 2015-07-11. Retrieved 2016-02-01.
^ 何航敏 (1978). "食用新鲜黄花菜引起食物中毒42例调查". 铁道医学 (2): 92.
^ 刘国舜 (1989). "鲜黄花菜致食物中毒27例报告". 学校卫生. 10 (2): 53.

External links

Missouri Botanical Garden Archived 2010-08-09 at the Wayback Machine
Tropicos
The Plant List
"Hemerocallis citrina". Plants for a Future.
Flora of China Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of China (Flagellariaceae through Marantaceae). 24: 1–431. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.

[POWO_536319-1-1] "Hemerocallis citrina Baroni". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 16 January 2020.

[2] NRCS. "Hemerocallis citrina". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 19 January 2016.

[Qing_et_al_2021-3] Qing ZX, Liu JH, Yi XX, Liu XB, Hu GA, Lao J, He W, Yang ZH, Zou XY, Sun MS, Huang P, Zeng JG (2021). "The chromosome-level Hemerocallis citrina Borani genome provides new insights into the rutin biosynthesis and the lack of colchicine". Horticulture Research. 8 (1). Nature Portfolio: 89. Bibcode:2021HorR....8...89Q. doi:10.1038/s41438-021-00539-6. PMC 8027641. PMID 33828071.

[4] "Hemerocallis citrina". Archived from the original on 2015-07-11. Retrieved 2016-02-01.

[5] 何航敏 (1978). "食用新鲜黄花菜引起食物中毒42例调查". 铁道医学 (2): 92.

[6] 刘国舜 (1989). "鲜黄花菜致食物中毒27例报告". 学校卫生. 10 (2): 53.

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