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Gomortega keule (syn. G. nitida; Spanish names keule, queule, and hualhual) is a species of tree endemic to Chile. It is the sole species of the genus Gomortega and, according to the APG IV system of 2016 (unchanged from the APG systems of 2009, 2003 and 1998), of the monotypic family Gomortegaceae, assigned to the order Laurales in the clade magnoliids.[3]
| Gomortega | |
|---|---|
| |
| Gomortega keule in Biobío Region | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Magnoliids |
| Order: | Laurales |
| Family: | Gomortegaceae Reiche[2] |
| Genus: | Gomortega Ruiz & Pav. |
| Species: | G. keule
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| Binomial name | |
| Gomortega keule | |
| |
| Synonyms | |
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Adenostemum nitidum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. | |
Description
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Evergreen trees, aromatic, gray bark with shallow longitudinal fissures. The leaves are petiolate, simple, entire, obovate to lanceolate, coriaceous. The stems have unilacunar nodes and with two foliar traces. The branches are quadrangular.
The edible fruit is a uni- or tri-locular yellow drupe, usually with 1 (-2) seeds, fleshy mesocarp, pleasant, stony endocarp. There are 1-2 seeds per fruit, with abundant, oily endosperm, large embryo, dicotyledonous. The fruit is about 34–45 millimetres (1.3–1.8 in) in diameter and edible and sweet, and harvested for making a kind of marmalade.
The chromosome number is n = 21, 2n = 42.
Distribution
editGomortega keule grows only in a very narrow habitat range in coastal Central Chile, including the Maulino forest[4] and parts of the Chilean matorral.[5] It is a characteristic tree species of the Maulino forest alongside Nothofagus glauca, Nothofagus × leoni, and Nothofagus alessandrii.[4]
The species is threatened by habitat loss. The Maulino forest has mostly been cleared for agriculture and tree plantations of Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus globulus. The species' remaining habitat is fragmented, and its populations isolated. It has been affected by fires, including the 2017 Chile wildfires. Populations are protected at Los Queules National Reserve and Los Ruiles National Reserve.[1]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Echeverría, C. & Campos, S. (2019). "Gomortega keule". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T31357A2805379. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T31357A2805379.en. Retrieved July 11, 2020.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. hdl:10654/18083.
- ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 181 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1111/boj.12385. ISSN 0024-4074.
- ^ a b San Martín, José; Donoso, Claudio (1995). "Estructura florística e impacto antrópico en el bosque Maulino de Chile" [Floristic structure and human impact on the Maulino forest of Chile]. In Armesto, Juan J.; Villagrán, Carolina; Arroyo, Mary Kalin (eds.). Ecología de los bosques nativos de Chile (in Spanish). Santiago de Chile: Editorial Universitaria. pp. 153–167. ISBN 956-11-1284-1.
- ^ C. Michael Hogan & World Wildlife Fund. 2013. Chilean matorral. ed. M.McGinley. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Washington DC
External links
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Media related to Gomortega keule at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Gomortega keule at Wikispecies
The species
edit- Gomortega keule in Encyclopedia of the Chilean Flora
- Information on Gomortega keule (in Spanish)
- González (1998). "Gomortega keule". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998. Retrieved 11 May 2006. Listed as Endangered (EN A1cd v2.3)
- Pictures and habitat map of Gomortega keule (in Spanish)
- Project developed in Chile on Gomortega keule (in Spanish)
- [1] Archived 2013-01-01 at archive.today (in Spanish)
The family
edit- Gomortegaceae Archived 2008-05-09 at the Wayback Machine in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants Archived 2007-01-03 at the Wayback Machine: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval. Version: 27 April 2006. http://delta-intkey.com Archived 2007-01-03 at the Wayback Machine.
- e-floras
- NCBI Taxonomy Browser
- links at CSDL, Texas Archived 2008-10-12 at the Wayback Machine