Gorzyce [ɡɔˈʐɨt͡sɛ] is a village and the seat of Gmina Gorzyce in Wodzisław County, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. It lies near the border with the Czech Republic, approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south-west of Wodzisław Śląski.
Gorzyce | |
|---|---|
Village | |
 Palace | |
_COA.svg) Coat of arms | |
| Motto: Palace | |
  Gorzyce | |
| Coordinates: 49°57′34″N 18°23′53″E / 49.95944°N 18.39806°E | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Silesian |
| County | Wodzisław |
| Gmina | Gorzyce |
| First mentioned | 1229 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Ryszard Grzegoszczyk |
| Area | |
| • Total | 8.46 km2 (3.27 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 2,487 |
| • Density | 290/km2 (760/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 44-350 |
| Car plates | SWD |
| National roads |  |
| Website | http://www.gorzyce.pl/ |
History
edit
The area became part of the emerging Polish state in the 10th century. The village was first mentioned in the document of Pope Gregory IX issued on 26 May 1229 among villages belonging to Benedictine abbey in Tyniec, as maiori Gorzice.[1] Benedictine abbey in Orlová (established in 1268) in the late 13th century had rights to revenues from three villages in the Castellany of Racibórz, namely Gorzyce, Uchylsko and Gołkowice.[2]
The village was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia in 1742 after the First Silesian War. As Groß Gorschütz, it became part of the German Empire in 1871 and was restored to Poland after World War I.
Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the village was occupied by Germany until 1945. In 1942, the occupiers established the Polenlager 168, a Nazi concentration camp of Polenlager type, i.e. for Poles, in Gorzyce.[3][4] Among the prisoners were Poles expelled from the Bielsko, Chrzanów, Cieszyn and Zawiercie counties.[3] The prisoners were subjected to forced labour and Germanisation attempts.[3][4] In November 1943, the camp was dissolved with the prisoners deported to a Polenlager in Kietrz, and a camp for German colonists, who were settled in occupied Poland in accordance with the Lebensraum policy, was established in its place.[3] The building of the transport depot at Leśna street holds a memorial plaque.[5] The collective grave of the inmates is at the cemetery at Gorzyce.
People
edit- Georg von Arco (1869–1940), German radio pioneer
References
edit- ^ Kodeks dyplomatyczny klasztoru tynieckiego (in Polish and Latin). (Pub.) Wojciech Kętrzyński, Stanisław Smolka. Lwów. 1875. p. XIa, XIb.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Panic, Idzi (2010). Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) [Cieszyn Silesia in Middle Ages (until 1528)] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. p. 430. ISBN 978-83-926929-3-5.
- ^ a b c d Wardzyńska, Maria (2017). Wysiedlenia ludności polskiej z okupowanych ziem polskich włączonych do III Rzeszy w latach 1939-1945 (in Polish). Warsaw: IPN. pp. 450–451. ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4.
- ^ a b "Obozy dla Polaków w powiecie raciborskim". Raciborski Portal Internetowy. Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 2007-10-06.
- ^ Śląski Urząd Wojewódzki w Katowicach Archived 2006-03-01 at the Wayback Machine
External links
edit
- (in Polish) Official Gmina Gorzyce website