Government of Russia

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The government of Russia (Russian: Правительство Российской Федерации, romanizedPravitelstvo Rossiyskoy Federatsii) is the federal executive body of state power of the Russian Federation. The members of the government are the prime minister, the deputy prime ministers, and the federal ministers.[1] It has its legal basis in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the federal constitutional law "On the Government of the Russian Federation".[2] The Apparatus of the Government of Russia is a governmental body which administrates the activities of the government.

Government of the Russian Federation
Правительство Российской Федерации
Overview
Established12 June 1990 (as the Government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic)
12 December 1993 (current form)
StateRussia
LeaderPrime Minister
Appointed byPresident
Main organCouncil of Ministers
Ministries21
Responsible toState Duma
President
HeadquartersMoscow
Websitegovernment.ru

According to the 1991 amendment to the 1978 constitution, the President of Russia was the head of the executive branch and headed the Council of Ministers of Russia. According to the current 1993 constitution, the president is not a part of the government of Russia, which exercises executive power. However, the president appoints the prime minister.

History

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The large body was preceded by the government of the Soviet Union. The government's structure has undergone several significant changes since the Russian Federation emerged from 1991 to 1992. In the initial years, many government bodies, primarily the different ministries, underwent massive reorganization as the old Soviet governing networks were adapted to the new state. Many reshuffles and renamings occurred.

On 28 November 1991, the President of the RSFSR Boris Yeltsin signed presidential decree No.242 "On the reorganization of the government bodies of the RSFSR". Yeltsin officially declared the end of the Soviet Union and became the President of the Russian Federation. Yeltsin was a reformer and promised Western-styled democracy.

The new Russian Constitution was adopted in 1993. It gained legitimacy through its bicameral legislature, an independent judiciary, the position of the president and the prime minister, and democratic features. These democratic features included competitive multi-party elections, separation of powers, federalism, and protection of civil liberties.

In 1999, Yeltsin appointed Vladimir Putin the Prime Minister. Later that year, Yeltsin resigned from the presidency, and Putin took over as the acting president. In its first round, Putin won the 2000 Russian presidential election, gaining 53.44% of the vote.

The most recent change took place on 14 May 2024, when President Vladimir Putin signed a presidential decree on forming Mikhail Mishustin's Second Cabinet.[3]

Responsibilities and power

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The Government is the subject of the 6th chapter of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. According to the constitution, the government of the Russian Federation must:

  1. Draft and submit the federal budget to the State Duma; ensure the implementation of the budget and report on its implementation to the State Duma;
  2. Ensure the implementation of a uniform financial, credit and monetary policy in the Russian Federation;
  3. Ensure the implementation of a uniform state policy in the areas of culture, science, education, health protection, social security and ecology;
  4. Manage federal property;
  5. Adopt measures to ensure the country's defense, state security, and the implementation of the foreign policy of the Russian Federation;
  6. Implement measures to ensure the rule of law, human rights and freedoms, the protection of property and public order, and crime control;
  7. Exercise any other powers vested in it by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws, and presidential decrees.[4]

The government issues its acts in the way of decisions (Постановления) and orders (Распоряжения). These must not contradict the constitution, federal constitutional laws, federal laws, and Presidential decrees, and are signed by the Prime Minister.

The Government also assists the Prime Minister in faithfully carrying out the country's domestic and foreign policy as determined by the President.

Current Cabinet

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Portfolio Minister Took office Left office Party
Prime Minister14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
First Deputy Prime Minister14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Deputy Prime Minister of Russia
Chief of Staff for the Government of Russia
14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Deputy Prime Minister
Presidential Envoy to the Far Eastern Federal District
14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia
Deputy Prime Minister
for Agro-Industrial Complex, Natural Resources and Ecology
14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Deputy Prime Minister
for Eurasian Integration, cooperation with
the CIS, BRICS, G20 and International Events
14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Deputy Prime Minister
for Fuel–Energy Complex and Economy
14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia
Deputy Prime Minister
for Construction and Regional Policy
14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Deputy Prime Minister
for Social Policy
14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia
Deputy Prime Minister
for Tourism, Sport, Culture and Communications
14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Deputy Prime Minister
for Transport
14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia
Minister of Agriculture14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Minister of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Minister of Construction, Housing and Utilities14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Minister of Culture14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Minister of Defence14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Minister for the Development of the Russian Far East and Arctic14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Minister of Economic Development14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia
Minister of Education14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Minister of Emergency Situations14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Minister of Energy14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia
Minister of Finance14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia
Minister of Foreign Affairs14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia
Minister of Health14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Minister of Industry and Trade14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia
Minister of Internal Affairs14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Minister of Justice14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia
Minister of Labour and Social Protection14 May 2024Incumbent Independent
Minister of Natural Resources and Ecology14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia
Minister of Science and Higher Education14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia
Minister of Sport14 May 2024Incumbent LDPR
Minister of Transport14 May 2024Incumbent United Russia

Lists of ministers

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Chapter 6 of the Russian constitution states that the "Government of the Russian Federation consists of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation [Prime Minister], Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation and federal ministries."
  2. ^ Russian Government web portal – Text of 1997 Federal Constitutional Law "On the Government of the Russian Federation" (in Russian)
  3. ^ "Президент подписал указы о назначении членов Правительства Российской Федерации и директоров служб". Президент России (in Russian). May 14, 2024. Archived from the original on May 15, 2024. Retrieved May 14, 2024.
  4. ^ The Constitution of the Russian Federation: Chapter 6 Archived October 18, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
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Government of the Soviet Union
1922–1991
Government ruling Russia proper
1991–present
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1945–1991
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1991–present