Eduard Heinrich Graeffe

Eduard Heinrich Graeffe or Gräffe (27 December 1833, Zurich – 23 April 1916 Ljubljana) was a Swiss zoologist and naturalist. As an entomologist, he specialised in Hymenoptera, Diptera and Hemiptera.

From around 1860, Graeffe was in the employ of Johann Cesar VI. Godeffroy, a wealthy shipping magnate from Hamburg. Graeffe was hired in order to organize Godeffroy's natural history collection as a scientific museum, the "Museum Godeffroy".^[1]^[2]^[3] From 1862 to 1873, he was based in Samoa,^[2] conducting scientific research and collecting specimens from throughout the South Pacific. Among his writings of the expedition was: Reisen im Innern dei Insel Viti Levu (in: Neujahrsblatt der Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Zürich auf das Jahr 1868, Nr. 70).^[4]

From 1875 to 1898, he worked as an inspector at the Zoological Station in Trieste.^[5] The Fiji whistler (Pachycephala graeffii) is named in honor,^[6]^[7] as is Arthrocormus graeffii, a botanical species described by German bryologist Karl Müller.^[8]

Selected works

Beobachtungen über Radiaten und Würmer in Nizza, 1858 - Observations of Radiata and worms in Nice.
Das Susswasser-Aquarium. (1861) - The freshwater aquarium.
Reisen nach verschiedenen Inseln der Südsee 1867-68 - Journeys to different islands in the South Seas.
Reise im Innern dei Insel Viti-Levu. Neuejahrblatt der Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Zurich 70: 1-48. (1868) - Journey in the interior of Viti Levu. Translated into English by Stefanie Vuikabe Waine and published as "Travels in the interior of Vitilevu" (1986).
Ueber eine Sendung Vögel aus Huahine, 1873 - About an avian shipment from Huahine.
Topographie von Samoa, 1873 - The topography of Samoa.
Samoa oder die Schifferinseln. 1873 - Samoa or the Schiffer Islands.
Algen der Fidschi-, Tonga- und Samoa-Inseln, gesammelt von Eduard Graeffe, 1874 (with Albert Grunow) - Algae from Fiji, Tonga and Samoa.
Coelenteraten, 1882 - Coelenterata.
Ueber die Sprache, Sitten und Gebräuche der Samoaner, 1888 - On the language, customs and other particulars of Samoans.
Contributo alla Fauna dei Ditteri dei dintorni di Trieste. S.1-25. Trieste (1895), (with A. Funk).^[9]
Übersicht der Grabwespen (Fossores) des Küstenlandes, (1912).^[10]
Die Carolineninsel Yap oder Guap nach den Mittheilungen von Alf. Tetens und Johann Kubary, (Microform Reprint New Haven, Conn.) - The Carolines island of Yap or Guap according to the reports of Alfred Tetens and Johann Kubary.^[11]^[12]

Collections

Initially Graeffe's insect collection was in Das Museum Godeffroy in Hamburg. This collection was sold and Graeffe's specimens (and the material he had worked on) were divided between Civico Museo di Storia Naturale di Trieste (Hymenoptera, Diptera, Orthoptera and Hemiptera) and the Naturhistorisches Museum (Hymenoptera, Orthoptera Diptera and Hemiptera). At least some material also ended up in the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin.

References

Alberti, G. Uomini e Insetti; La collezioni del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale de Trieste e la loro Storia. Trieste, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale : 1-54 5-54
Conci, C. & Poggi, R. 1996 Iconography of Italian Entomologists, with essential biographical data. Mem. Soc. Ent. Ital. 75 159-382, 418 Fig. 159-382

^ Discovery of Australia's Fishes A History of Australian Ichthyology to 1930 by Brian Saunders
^ ^a ^b Collectors Index Herbarium Lichen herbaria
^ Note: The museum contained insects from Australia, Samoa, Fiji, Tonga, the Phoenix Islands etc., and also functioned as a dealership in natural history material.
^ Reisen im Inneren der Insel Viti-Levu Archived 2013-10-20 at the Wayback Machine Neujahrsblatt der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich auf das Jahr 1868, Nr. 70.
^ Google Books Collected Papers by Charles Atwood Kofoid
^ Avibase Fiji Whistler (Pachycephala graeffii)
^ Helm dictionary of scientific bird names - SlideShare Archived 2015-11-19 at the Wayback Machine
^ Lexikon deutschsprachiger Bryologen. [Hauptbd.], Volume 1 by JanPeter Frahm, Jens Eggers
^ Google Books Contributo alla Fauna dei Ditteri dei dintorni di Trieste
^ [1] Beiträge zur Hymenopterenfauna Dalmatiens, Montenegros und Albaniens
^ WorldCat Search (publications)
^ Google Books (publications)

External links

Bishop Museum Clarification of the authorship of Xixuthrus heros a beetle described by Graeffe.

[1] Discovery of Australia's Fishes A History of Australian Ichthyology to 1930 by Brian Saunders

[LH-2] Collectors Index Herbarium Lichen herbaria

[3] Note: The museum contained insects from Australia, Samoa, Fiji, Tonga, the Phoenix Islands etc., and also functioned as a dealership in natural history material.

[4] Reisen im Inneren der Insel Viti-Levu Archived 2013-10-20 at the Wayback Machine Neujahrsblatt der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich auf das Jahr 1868, Nr. 70.

[5] Google Books Collected Papers by Charles Atwood Kofoid

[6] Avibase Fiji Whistler (Pachycephala graeffii)

[7] Helm dictionary of scientific bird names - SlideShare Archived 2015-11-19 at the Wayback Machine

[8] Lexikon deutschsprachiger Bryologen. [Hauptbd.], Volume 1 by JanPeter Frahm, Jens Eggers

[9] Google Books Contributo alla Fauna dei Ditteri dei dintorni di Trieste

[10] [1] Beiträge zur Hymenopterenfauna Dalmatiens, Montenegros und Albaniens

[11] WorldCat Search (publications)

[12] Google Books (publications)

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