Admiral Sir Graham Moore GCB, GCMG (1764 – 25 November 1843) was a Royal Navy officer. As a junior officer he took part in the Great Siege of Gibraltar during the American Revolutionary War. As captain of the frigate Melampus, he took part in the Battle of Tory Island in October 1798, capturing the Résolue two days later, during the French Revolutionary Wars. He went on to be First Naval Lord, then Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet, and finally, Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth. He was the younger brother of General Sir John Moore.
Sir Graham Moore | |
|---|---|
 Oil on canvas portrait, c. 1792, by Sir Thomas Lawrence | |
| Born | 1764 Glasgow, Scotland |
| Died | 25 November 1843 (aged 78–79) Cobham, Surrey |
| Allegiance |  Great Britain United Kingdom |
| Service |  Royal Navy |
| Years of service | 1777–1839 |
| Rank | Admiral |
| Commands | |
| Battles / wars | |
| Awards |
|
| Relations | Dr. John Moore (father) General Sir John Moore (brother) Harriet Jane Moore (niece) |
Naval career
editMoore was born in Glasgow, Scotland, the son of Jean Simson and John Moore, doctor and author. He entered the Navy in 1777[1] at the age of 13. He was promoted to lieutenant on 8 March 1782 to serve aboard Crown, taking part in the relief of Gibraltar under Lord Howe, and the subsequent battle of Cape Spartel in October. During the peace he travelled through France, but was recalled to serve aboard Perseus, Dido, and then Adamant, the flagship of Sir Richard Hughes on the North American Station. On 22 November 1790 he was promoted to commander in the sloop Bonetta, before finally returning to England in 1793.[1]
Moore was promoted to post-captain on 2 April 1794, soon after the start of the Revolutionary War, with command of the 32-gun frigate Syren,[2] in the North Sea and the coast of France. He then commanded the 36-gun frigate Melampus from September 1795.[1] In her he took part in the Battle of Tory Island on 12 October 1798, capturing the Résolue two days later.[2] In February 1800 he went out to the West Indies, but was invalided home after eighteen months.[1]
On the renewal of the war in 1803 he was appointed to Indefatigable (44),[1] and with three other frigates – Medusa (32), Lively (38) and Amphion (32) – under his command, captured a Spanish treasure fleet of four frigates – Medea (40), Clara (34), Fama (34) and Mercedes (36) – carrying bullion from the Caribbean back to Spain off Cadiz in the action of 5 October 1804.[1]
Moore was then attached to Sir Robert Calder's squadron blockading Ferrol. In 1808, he served as commodore, flying his broad pennant in the new ship Marlborough[1] assisting Admiral Sir Sidney Smith with the Portuguese royal family's escape to Brazil,[1] and was subsequently made a Knight of the Order of the Tower and Sword.[2]
He later served as part of the North Sea fleet for several years.[1] At the close of the Walcheren campaign in December 1809, he was entrusted with destroying the basin, arsenal, and sea defences of Flushing (Vlissingen).[2]
Moore commanded Chatham from March 1812, until promoted to rear-admiral on 12 August 1812,[2][3] and served as Commander-in-Chief in the Baltic for a short time, flying his flag in HMS Fame. In 1814 he served as captain of the fleet to Lord Keith in the Channel, and, having been appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 2 January 1815,[4] he became second-in-command, Mediterranean Fleet in 1815.[1] He joined the Board of Admiralty[5] as First Naval Lord[6] in the Liverpool ministry in May 1816.[1]
Promoted to vice-admiral on 12 August 1819,[7] he left the Board of the Admiralty in March 1820.[2] He was Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet between 1820 and 1823[1] and was advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on 11 March 1836.[8] Promoted to full admiral on 10 January 1837,[9] he served as Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth from 1839 to 1842[1] flying his flag in Impregnable.[1]
Moore died at his home, Brook Farm, Cobham, Surrey,[10] on 25 November 1843,[1] and was buried at St. Andrew's Church.[11]
Family
editIn 1812 he married Dora Eden, daughter of Thomas Eden, and niece of William Eden, 1st Baron Auckland; they had one son, Captain John Moore, RN (d. 1866).[1]
Diary
editMoore kept a detailed diary from 1784 until 1843, comprising thirty-four volumes, which provide a unique account of his service as a lieutenant, commander and captain.[12] The diary is held at Cambridge University Library.[13]
Namesakes
editSeveral places were named in his honour: the Sir Graham Moore Islands,[14] Cape Graham Moore,[15] and Graham Moore Bay,[16] in northern Canada were named by William Parry, while the Sir Graham Moore Islands, Western Australia, were named by Phillip Parker King.[17]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Laughton, John Knox (1894). . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 38. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- ^ a b c d e f O'Byrne, William Richard (1849). A Naval Biographical Dictionary: comprising the life and services of every living officer in Her Majesty's navy, from the rank of admiral of the fleet to that of lieutenant, inclusive. London: John Murray. p. 777. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
- ^ "No. 16632". The London Gazette. 11 August 1812. p. 1585.
- ^ "No. 16972". The London Gazette. 4 January 1815. p. 19.
- ^ "Sainty, JC, Lord High Admiral and Commissioners of the Admiralty 1660–1870, Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 4: Admiralty Officials 1660-1870 (1975), pp. 18–31". Archived from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 4 September 2009.
- ^ Rodger, p. 69
- ^ "No. 17505". The London Gazette. 12 August 1819. p. 1446.
- ^ "No. 19365". The London Gazette. 15 March 1836. p. 495.
- ^ "No. 19456". The London Gazette. 10 January 1837. p. 69.
- ^ "Obituary : Admiral Sir Graham Moore". The Gentleman's Magazine. XXI: 317–319. 1844. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
- ^ "Moore Tomb, Church of St Andrew". British Listed Buildings. 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
- ^ Walker, T.E.C. (1963). "The Diary of Admiral Sir Graham Moore of Brook Farm, Cobham" (PDF). Surrey Archaeological Collections. 60. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
- ^ Fulton, p. 403
- ^ "Sir Graham Moore Islands". travelingluck.com. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
- ^ "Cape Graham Moore". travelingluck.com. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
- ^ Parry, William Edward (1821). Journal of a voyage for the discovery of a North-West passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific. [1], Performed in the years 1819 - 20 in his majesty's ships Hecla and Griper. London: John Murray. p. 59.
- ^ "Status Performance Assessment: Biodiversity conservation of Western Australian Islands" (PDF). Government of Western Australia. 1 April 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Sources
edit- Fulton, Henry L. (2015). Dr. John Moore, 1729-1802 : a life in medicine, travel, and revolution. Newark: University of Delaware Press. ISBN 978-1-61149-493-8.
- Rodger, N.A.M. (1979). The Admiralty. Offices of State. Lavenham: T. Dalton Ltd. ISBN 0900963948.
Further reading
edit- Wareham, Tom (September 2004). Frigate Commander. Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1-84415-073-1.
External links
edit. Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.