Penaeus semisulcatus, the green tiger prawn or grooved tiger prawn, is a commercially important species of prawn in the genus Penaeus.
| Penaeus semisulcatus | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Dendrobranchiata |
| Family: | Penaeidae |
| Genus: | Penaeus |
| Species: | P. semisulcatus
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| Binomial name | |
| Penaeus semisulcatus | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Description
editPenaeus semisulcatus has a pale brown body which sometimes shows a greenish tint on the carapace with two yellow or cream tansverse bands across the back of the carapace. The abdomen is banded with brownish grey and pale-yellow transverse bands, while the antennae are banded brown and yellow. It has a uniformly smooth carapace and abdomen. The rostrum has seven or eighy dorsal teeth and three ventral teeth. The atrodrostral crest and groove, the carina, extends beyond the epigastral tooth with the postrostral carina almost reaching to the rear of the carapace.[2] The maximum total length is 180 mm for males and 228 mm for females,[3] weighing up to 130 g.[4]
Distribution
editPenaeus semisulcatus has an Indo-West Pacific distribution, being found from eastern Africa and the Red Sea east to Indonesia and northern Australia. It has also colonised the eastern Mediterranean through the Suez Canal, making it a Lessepsian migrant.[3]
Habitat and ecology
editIt occurs from coastal waters down to 130 m depth over sandy and muddy substrates.[2] In the Persian Gulf, P. semisculatus spawning was at its height during December and in March, but a secondary peak occurred in autumn; 90% of the female prawns reached sexual maturity after attaining a carapace length of 54 mm. Spawning takes place mainly offshore.[5] The adults are marine but the juveniles prefer estuarine environments.[3]
Human exploitation
editPenaeus semisulcatus is of minor to moderate importance in Madagascar, along the eastern coast of Africa and in the Red Sea. Along the southwestern Asian coasts from the Gulf of Aden to Pakistan, this species is of major importance to the offshore fishery. In India, it is not as commercially important as Penaeus monodon. P.semisulcatisis is probably an economically important species in Sri Lanka, Singapore, and the Philippines, as well as in Hong Kong, southern Sea of Japan, and Korea. In the Mediterranean, it is becoming important to the fisheries in Turkey, Israel, and Egypt.[3]
In India, P. semisulcatus plays a role in the farming of shrimp and prawns in the ricefields of the Ganges Delta. Aquaculture experiments with this species are being conducted in Taiwan and Thailand. Prawns caught in Pakistan are exported frozen or canned, or used to make shrimp meal and shrimp paste.[3]
Australian import ban
editIn 2017, an outbreak of white spot disease occurred in Southeast Asia, leading Australia to ban prawn imports.[3][6]
References
edit- ^ a b S. De Grave; M. Turkay (2016). "Penaeus semisulcatus De Haan, 1844 [in De Haan, 1833-1850]". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 9 January 2017.
- ^ a b Rashid Anam; Edoardo Mostarda (2012). "Field identification guide to the living marine resources in Kenya: Shrimps and Prawns" (PDF). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved 9 January 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f "Penaeus semisulcatus (De Haan, 1844)". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Archived from the original on January 8, 2017. Retrieved January 7, 2017.
- ^ "Penaeid Prawns". wildfactsheets. Retrieved 9 January 2017.
- ^ Nassir Niamaimandi; Arshad Aziz; Daud Siti Khalijah; Saed Che Roos; Bahram Kiabi (2008). "Reproductive biology of the green tiger prawn (Penaeus semisulcatus) in coastal waters of Bushehr, Persian Gulf". ICES Journal of Marine Science. 65 (9): 1593–1599. doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsn172.
- ^ "Why raw prawns are about to get more expensive". The New Daily. 2017-01-06. Retrieved 2017-01-07.