Grevillea dimidiata, also known as the caustic bush[3] or willings tree,[4] is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with glabrous, more or less sickle-shaped, curved leaves with wavy edges, and cylindrical groups of greenish-white to cream-coloured flowers.
| Grevillea dimidiata | |
|---|---|
| |
| At Wave Hill | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Proteales |
| Family: | Proteaceae |
| Genus: | Grevillea |
| Species: | G. dimidiata
|
| Binomial name | |
| Grevillea dimidiata | |
Description
editGrevillea dimidiata is a single-stemmed, glabrous, often glaucous shrub or tree that typically grows to a height of 2–6 m (6 ft 7 in – 19 ft 8 in), sometimes to 12 m (39 ft). Its leaves are sickle-shaped and curved, 90–330 mm (3.5–13.0 in) long and 8–75 mm (0.31–2.95 in) wide, wrinkled and wavy. The leaves appear to have only one side, with the mid-vein on one edge of the leaves. The flowers are arranged on the ends of branchlets in three to eight cylindrical groups 40–110 mm (1.6–4.3 in) long. The flowers are greenish-white to cream-coloured and glabrous, the pistil 16.5–21 mm (0.65–0.83 in) long. Flowering mainly occurs from May to October and the fruit is a more or less spherical follicle 16–23 mm (0.63–0.91 in) long that is sticky at first.[3][5][6]
Taxonomy
editGrevillea dimidiata was first formally described in 1863 by Ferdinand von Mueller in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae from specimens collected by Frederick George Waterhouse near the Roper River during John McDouall Stuart's sixth expedition.[7][8] The specific epithet (dimidiata) means "divided in half", referring to the leaves.[9]
Distribution and habitat
editThis grevillea grows in open woodland, scrubland or grassland on rocky or sandy soils and on rocky outcrops and is found between Fitzroy Crossing, Mount Wittenoom and the Joseph Bonaparte Gulf in the Central Kimberley, Northern Kimberley, Ord Victoria Plain and Victoria Bonaparte biogeographic regions of northern Western Australia and north of Wave Hill and Gove in the northern part of the Northern Territory.[3][5][6]
Ecology
editCaustic bush produces seeds after 4 or 5 years of age. The plant has a typical lifespan of 11 to 20 years and is well adapted to fires in its environment. Adult plants will undergo epicormic resprouting after a fire.[10]
Conservation status
editGrevillea dimidiata is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions and as of "least concern" under the Northern Territory Government Territory Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1976. The species has a widespread range where it is locally common. It has a stable population with no major threats affecting it.[1][3][6]
References
edit- ^ a b "Grevillea dimidiata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "Grevillea dimidiata". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
- ^ a b c d "Grevillea dimidiata". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
- ^ Philip A. Clarke (2012). Australian plants as Aboriginal Tools. Rosenberg Publishing. ISBN 9781922013576.
- ^ a b "Grevillea dimidiata". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
- ^ a b c "Grevillea dimidiata". Northern Territory Government. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
- ^ "Grevillea dimidiata". APNI. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
- ^ von Mueller, Ferdinand (1883). "Brief notes on the genus Grevillea". The Chemist and Druggist with Australasian Supplement. 5 (57): 72. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
- ^ Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 183. ISBN 9780958034180.
- ^ "Fire responses of Grevillea dimidiata". Charles Darwin University. May 2004. Retrieved 24 July 2016.