SN H0pe (pronounced: Supernova Hope) is a Type Ia supernova discovered in 2023, at a redshift of z=1.78.[4][1][3] It is a supernova discovered in a gravitationally lensed subject system, being itself a triply lensed object. Its name, H0pe, comes from its proposed utility in determination of the Hubble Constant (H0) that would allow determination of H0 in the distant universe and compare it with local determinations; and hopefully resolve Hubble tension, the difference in such determinations with local Type Ia supernovae and those based on the very distant Cosmic Microwave Background. The supernova exploded when the universe was 3.5 billion years old, rather than at today's date of 13.8 billion years old. The supernova progenitor was a white dwarf star, the progenitor of all Type Ia supernovae. The gravitational lens is galaxy cluster PLCK G165.7+67.0 (at a redshift of z=0.35), which lensed the supernova and its host galaxy.[5][6]
| Event type | Supernova[1][2] |
|---|---|
| Type Ia[1][2] | |
| Instrument | James Webb Space Telescope |
| Constellation | Ursa Major |
| Right ascension | 11h 27m 15.6s [3][2] |
| Declination | +42° 25′ 33″ [3][2] |
| Epoch | J2000.0[3][2] |
| Galactic coordinates | 165.7281 +67.0362 [2] |
| Redshift | 1.783 [1][2] |
| Host | PLCK G165.7+67.0 Arc 1 |
| Progenitor type | white dwarf |
| Other designations | SN H0pe, SN Hope, Supernova Hope, Supernova H0pe, PLCK G165.7+67.0 SN 2023, PLCK G165.7+67.0 Arc 1 SN 2023, G165 SN 2023, G165 Arc 1 SN 2023, Arc 1 SN 2023 |
The determination for the Hubble Constant (H0) using this Type Ia supernova was 75.4 kilometers per second per megaparsec. This greatly agrees with the determination of H0 with local Type Ia supernova of 73 kilometers per second per megaparsec. And this is at variance with the determination from the Cosmic Microwave Background and baryon acoustic oscillations, of 67 kilometers per second per megaparsec. Thus not resolving the Hubble tension, but instead reinforcing the difference. This determination of H0 from a multiply-lensed Type Ia supernova represents the first such precision measurement.[7][8][9]
The supernova is located in the galaxy PLCK G165.7+67.0 Arc 1 (Arc 1 for short) located at redshift z=1.78, behind the lensing cluster PLCK G165.7+67.0 (G165 for short) located at redshift z=0.35, and is triply imaged, each image called Arc 1a, Arc 1b, Arc 1c. This galaxy is part of a compact group of galaxies, of 6 members, 4 of which surround the host galaxy. This group 6 of galaxies is part of 11 galaxies that are imaged by the lens, each referred to as Arc 1, Arc 2, etc. The host galaxy is the dominant galaxy in its compact group. The lens system is located in the constellation of Ursa Major.[3][10]
References
edit- ^ a b c d Polletta, M.; Nonino, M.; Frye, B.; et al. (July 2023). "Spectroscopy of the supernova H0pe host galaxy at redshift 1.78". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 675: L4. arXiv:2306.12385. Bibcode:2023A&A...675L...4P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346964. S2CID 259212330.
- ^ a b c d e f g "NAME SN H0pe -- SuperNova". SIMBAD. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
- ^ a b c d e Brenda L. Frye; Massimo Pascale; Justin Pierel; et al. (13 September 2023). "The JWST Discovery of the Triply Imaged Type Ia "Supernova H0pe" and Observations of the Galaxy Cluster PLCK G165.7+67.0". The Astrophysics Journal. 961 (2). American Astronomical Society (published 24 January 2024): 171. arXiv:2309.07326. Bibcode:2024ApJ...961..171F. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad1034.
- ^ Tomasz Nowakowski (21 September 2023). "New Type I supernova discovered with JWST". Phys.org.
- ^ Robert Lea (3 October 2024). "James Webb Space Telescope finds supernova 'Hope' that could finally resolve major astronomy debate". MSN. AA1rFBLB.
- ^ Harry Baker (26 September 2024). "Ancient supernova in James Webb telescope image could help solve one of the universe's biggest mysteries". Live Science.
- ^ Michelle Starr (4 October 2024). "Gravity Magnified a Supernova, Adding a Twist to The Hubble Tension". Science Alert.
- ^ Michelle Starr (29 September 2023). "10 Billion Years Ago, a Star Exploded. It Could Save Cosmology". Science Alert.
- ^ Massimo Pascale; Brenda L. Frye; Justin D.R. Pierel; et al. (March 2024). "SN H0pe: The First Measurement of H0 from a Multiply-Imaged Type Ia Supernova, Discovered by JWST". ApJ. arXiv:2403.18902. Bibcode:2024arXiv240318902P.
- ^ "Galaxy cluster PLCK G165.7+67.0 and SN H0pe Inset (NIRCam)". Webb Telescope. 1 October 2024.
External links
edit- NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED): PLCK G165.7+67.0
- SIMBAD: (CNL2018) PLCK G165.7+67.0 lens -- Cluster of Galaxies