HIST4H4

Histone H4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST4H4 gene.

H4-16
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4H9O, 3WKJ, 3AYW, 3WA9, 5B0Z, 5AVB, 2CV5, 5AV5, 3AV2, 3WTP, 3AV1, 3AZK, 3X1V, 5AV8, 1F66, 4QUU, 3CFS, 4YYK, 4QUT, 3NQJ, 3A6N, 3W99, 5AVC, 2RS9, 3F9Z, 3QZT, 3QBY, 3W97, 4M38, 4YM6, 3CFV, 4HGA, 1EQZ, 2RJE, 3QZV, 1HQ3, 4H9P, 3AZL, 3AFA, 1TZY, 3UVY, 5CPK, 3JPX, 4U9W, 4N3W, 4YYJ, 4YYD, 4H9N, 4H9R, 3AZI, 4LD9, 3UVX, 3AZH, 5BNX, 4N4F, 1U35, 4YYG, 3O36, 2ARO, 5AV9, 4H9S, 3AZF, 3W98, 4GQB, 4H9Q, 5BNV, 3WAA, 3AZG, 3AZE, 2RNY, 1ZKK, 2QQS, 2LVM, 3X1T, 3AN2, 2KWO, 3QZS, 3F9W, 5FFW, 5CPJ, 3F9X, 3IJ1, 4YM5, 3AZJ, 4YY6, 3AZN, 2IG0, 4YYH, 4YYI, 5CPI, 3W96, 3R45, 2KWN, 3F9Y, 5AV6, 3AZM, 5BO0, 3X1S, 4QYD, 4KGC, 3UVW, 4YYN, 3X1U, 3UW9, 2F8N, 3NQU, 5B0Y, 4YYM, 5C3I, 4Z5T, 5B24, 5FA5, 4Z2M, 5E5A, 5FWE, 5B2I, 5B40, 5B2J, 5JA4, 5AY8, 4ZUX
Identifiers
Aliases	H4-16, H4/p, histone cluster 4, H4, histone cluster 4 H4, HIST4H4, H4 histone 16, H4C5, H4C4, H4C9, H4C12, H4C3, H4C13, H4C11, H4C1, H4C14, H4C15, H4C8, H4C6, H4C2, H4C16
External IDs	OMIM: 615069; MGI: 2448432; HomoloGene: 134468; GeneCards: H4-16; OMA:H4-16 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human) Band 12p12.3 Start 14,767,999 bp End 14,771,131 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 13 (mouse) Band 13|13 A3.1 Start 22,224,806 bp End 22,225,532 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in bone marrow cells Achilles tendon epithelium of colon tonsil right uterine tube prostate testicle sural nerve body of pancreas stomach Top expressed in muscle of thigh granulocyte blood triceps brachii muscle ventricular zone sternocleidomastoid muscle temporal muscle quadriceps femoris muscle soleus muscle embryo More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protein domain specific binding protein binding protein heterodimerization activity DNA binding histone binding RNA binding Cellular component membrane chromosome nucleoplasm extracellular region nuclear chromosome nucleosome extracellular exosome nucleus extracellular matrix protein-containing complex Biological process telomere organization epigenetic maintenance of chromatin in transcription-competent conformation protein heterotetramerization negative regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation CENP-A containing chromatin assembly DNA replication-dependent chromatin assembly rDNA heterochromatin assembly negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic DNA-templated transcription, initiation double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining beta-catenin-TCF complex assembly telomere capping nucleosome assembly regulation of gene silencing by miRNA regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 121504 319158 Ensembl ENSG00000197837 ENSMUSG00000060639 UniProt P62805 P62806 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_175054 NM_175656 RefSeq (protein) NP_003537 NP_003486 NP_003535 NP_003539 NP_003531 NP_003536 NP_291074 NP_783587 NP_783588 NP_835499 NP_835500 NP_001182350 NP_835515 NP_783585 NP_783586 NP_835582 NP_835583 NP_783583 NP_694813 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 14.77 – 14.77 Mb Chr 13: 22.22 – 22.23 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H4 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element.

Further reading

• Pauli U, Chrysogelos S, Stein G, et al. (1987). "Protein-DNA interactions in vivo upstream of a cell cycle-regulated human H4 histone gene". Science. 236 (4806): 1308–11. Bibcode:1987Sci...236.1308P. doi:10.1126/science.3035717. PMID 3035717.
• Borowski P, Heiland M, Oehlmann K, et al. (1996). "Non-structural protein 3 of hepatitis C virus inhibits phosphorylation mediated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase". Eur. J. Biochem. 237 (3): 611–8. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0611p.x. PMID 8647104.
• El Kharroubi A, Piras G, Zensen R, Martin MA (1998). "Transcriptional Activation of the Integrated Chromatin-Associated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Promoter". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (5): 2535–44. doi:10.1128/mcb.18.5.2535. PMC 110633. PMID 9566873.
• Zhang Y, Sun ZW, Iratni R, et al. (1998). "SAP30, a novel protein conserved between human and yeast, is a component of a histone deacetylase complex". Mol. Cell. 1 (7): 1021–31. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80102-1. PMID 9651585.
• Carrier F, Georgel PT, Pourquier P, et al. (1999). "Gadd45, a p53-Responsive Stress Protein, Modifies DNA Accessibility on Damaged Chromatin". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (3): 1673–85. doi:10.1128/MCB.19.3.1673. PMC 83961. PMID 10022855.
• Buggy JJ, Sideris ML, Mak P, et al. (2001). "Cloning and characterization of a novel human histone deacetylase, HDAC8". Biochem. J. 350 (1): 199–205. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3500199. PMC 1221242. PMID 10926844.
• Deng L, de la Fuente C, Fu P, et al. (2001). "Acetylation of HIV-1 Tat by CBP/P300 increases transcription of integrated HIV-1 genome and enhances binding to core histones". Virology. 277 (2): 278–95. doi:10.1006/viro.2000.0593. PMID 11080476. S2CID 20145752.
• Chadwick BP, Willard HF (2001). "A Novel Chromatin Protein, Distantly Related to Histone H2a, Is Largely Excluded from the Inactive X Chromosome". J. Cell Biol. 152 (2): 375–84. doi:10.1083/jcb.152.2.375. PMC 2199617. PMID 11266453.
• Kovalsky O, Lung FD, Roller PP, Fornace AJ (2001). "Oligomerization of human Gadd45a protein". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (42): 39330–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M105115200. PMID 11498536.
• Deng L, Wang D, de la Fuente C, et al. (2001). "Enhancement of the p300 HAT activity by HIV-1 Tat on chromatin DNA". Virology. 289 (2): 312–26. doi:10.1006/viro.2001.1129. PMID 11689053.
• Lahn BT, Tang ZL, Zhou J, et al. (2002). "Previously uncharacterized histone acetyltransferases implicated in mammalian spermatogenesis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (13): 8707–12. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.8707L. doi:10.1073/pnas.082248899. PMC 124363. PMID 12072557.
• Ono S, Oue N, Kuniyasu H, et al. (2003). "Acetylated histone H4 is reduced in human gastric adenomas and carcinomas". J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. 21 (3): 377–82. PMID 12385581.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Kzhyshkowska J, Rusch A, Wolf H, Dobner T (2003). "Regulation of transcription by the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1B-AP5 is mediated by complex formation with the novel bromodomain-containing protein BRD7". Biochem. J. 371 (Pt 2): 385–93. doi:10.1042/BJ20021281. PMC 1223277. PMID 12489984.
• Fujita K, Shimazaki N, Ohta Y, et al. (2004). "Terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase forms a ternary complex with a novel chromatin remodeling protein with 82 kDa and core histone". Genes Cells. 8 (6): 559–71. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2443.2003.00656.x. PMID 12786946. S2CID 25223336.
• Shiio Y, Eisenman RN (2004). "Histone sumoylation is associated with transcriptional repression". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (23): 13225–30. doi:10.1073/pnas.1735528100. PMC 263760. PMID 14578449.
• Coleman MA, Miller KA, Beernink PT, et al. (2004). "Identification of chromatin-related protein interactions using protein microarrays". Proteomics. 3 (11): 2101–7. doi:10.1002/pmic.200300593. PMID 14595808. S2CID 23471253.
• Lusic M, Marcello A, Cereseto A, Giacca M (2004). "Regulation of HIV-1 gene expression by histone acetylation and factor recruitment at the LTR promoter". EMBO J. 22 (24): 6550–61. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdg631. PMC 291826. PMID 14657027.
• Kanno T, Kanno Y, Siegel RM, et al. (2004). "Selective recognition of acetylated histones by bromodomain proteins visualized in living cells". Mol. Cell. 13 (1): 33–43. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00482-9. PMID 14731392.