HMCS Sherbrooke was a Flower-class corvette that served with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War. She served primarily in the Battle of the Atlantic as an ocean escort. She is named for Sherbrooke, Quebec.
 HMCS Sherbrooke
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 Canada | |
| Name | Sherbrooke |
| Namesake | Sherbrooke, Quebec |
| Ordered | 22 January 1940 |
| Builder | Marine Industries Ltd., Sorel |
| Laid down | 5 August 1940 |
| Launched | 25 October 1940 |
| Commissioned | 5 June 1941 |
| Out of service | paid off 28 June 1945 |
| Identification | Pennant number: K152 |
| Honours and awards | Atlantic 1941–45[1] |
| Fate | Sold for scrapping. |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Flower-class corvette (original)[2] |
| Displacement | 950 long tons (970 t; 1,060 short tons) |
| Length | 205 ft (62.48 m) |
| Beam | 33 ft (10.06 m) |
| Draught | 11.5 ft (3.51 m) |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed | 16 knots (29.6 km/h) |
| Range | 3,450 nmi (6,390 km; 3,970 mi) at 12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph) |
| Complement | 6 officers, 79 enlisted |
| Sensors and processing systems |
|
| Armament |
|
Background
editFlower-class corvettes like Sherbrooke serving with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War were different from earlier and more traditional sail-driven corvettes.[3][4][5] The "corvette" designation was created by the French for classes of small warships; the Royal Navy borrowed the term for a period but discontinued its use in 1877.[6] During the hurried preparations for war in the late 1930s, Winston Churchill reactivated the corvette class, needing a name for smaller ships used in an escort capacity, in this case based on a whaling ship design.[7] The generic name "flower" was used to designate the class of these ships, which – in the Royal Navy – were named after flowering plants.[8]
Corvettes commissioned by the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War were named after communities for the most part, to better represent the people who took part in building them. This idea was put forth by Admiral Percy W. Nelles. Sponsors were commonly associated with the community for which the ship was named. Royal Navy corvettes were designed as open sea escorts, while Canadian corvettes were developed for coastal auxiliary roles which was exemplified by their minesweeping gear. Eventually the Canadian corvettes would be modified to allow them to perform better on the open seas.[9]
Construction
editSherbrooke was ordered 22 January 1940 as part of the 1939–1940 Flower-class building program. She was laid down 5 August 1940 by Marine Industries Ltd. at Sorel, Quebec and launched 25 October 1940.[10] She was commissioned 5 June 1941 at Sorel.[11]
During her career, Sherbrooke underwent two significant refits. The first took place at Lunenburg, Nova Scotia from April to June 1943. The second major overhaul took place at Liverpool, Nova Scotia beginning in May 1944 and lasting until 22 August 1944. During this second refit, Sherbrooke had her fo'c'sle extended. She needed a further month of repairs at Halifax after completing the refit.[10][11]
Service history
editAfter arriving at Halifax for deployment, she was initially assigned to Halifax Force as a local escort. In September 1941 she transferred to Newfoundland Command and escorted her first convoy from St. John's to Iceland at the end of that month. She would continue to escort these convoys until January 1942 when the European destination changed to Derry and she became a member of the Mid-Ocean Escort Force (MOEF).[11]
She served mainly with MOEF escort group C-4. In February 1942 Sherbrooke picked up 15 survivors from the Greek merchant Meropi that had been torpedoed and sunk off Halifax.[10] As a member of C-4 she took part in the major convoy battles for convoy ON 127 in August 1942 and HX 229 in March 1943.[11] On 10 September 1942 she picked up 39 survivors from the Norwegian tanker Sveve that had been torpedoed and sunk in the North Atlantic.[10]
After returning from her first major refit, Sherbrooke joined the Western Local Escort Force (WLEF) which escorted convoys along the North American coast. As a member of WLEF she was initially assigned to escort group W-2, but transferred to W-7 in April 1944. After returning from her second major refit, she rejoined WLEF and was made part of escort group W-1. She remained with this group until the end of the war.[11]
Sherbrooke was paid off at Sorel on 28 June 1945. The ship was sold for scrap in May 1947 and broken up at Hamilton, Ontario.[2][11][12]
Notes
edit- ^ "Battle Honours". Britain's Navy. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
- ^ a b Lenton, H.T.; Colledge, J.J (1968). British and Dominion Warships of World War II. Doubleday & Company. pp. 201, 212.
- ^ Ossian, Robert. "Complete List of Sailing Vessels". The Pirate King. Retrieved 13 April 2011.
- ^ Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. (1978). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons & Warfare. Vol. 11. London: Phoebus. pp. 1137–1142.
- ^ Jane's Fighting Ships of World War II. New Jersey: Random House. 1996. p. 68. ISBN 0-517-67963-9.
- ^ Blake, Nicholas; Lawrence, Richard (2005). The Illustrated Companion to Nelson's Navy. Stackpole Books. pp. 39–63. ISBN 0-8117-3275-4.
- ^ Chesneau, Roger; Gardiner, Robert (June 1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922-1946. Naval Institute Press. p. 62. ISBN 0-87021-913-8.
- ^ Milner, Marc (1985). North Atlantic Run. Naval Institute Press. pp. 117–119, 142–145, 158, 175–176, 226, 235, 285–291. ISBN 0-87021-450-0.
- ^ Macpherson, Ken; Milner, Marc (1993). Corvettes of the Royal Canadian Navy 1939–1945. St. Catherines: Vanwell Publishing. ISBN 1-55125-052-7.
- ^ a b c d "HMCS Sherbrooke (K 152)". Uboat.net. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f Macpherson, Ken; Burgess, John (1981). The ships of Canada's naval forces 1910–1981 : a complete pictorial history of Canadian warships. Toronto: Collins. pp. 85, 231–2. ISBN 0-00216-856-1.
- ^ "Sherbrooke (6112387)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
External links
edit- Hazegray. "Flower Class". Canadian Navy of Yesterday and Today. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
- Ready, Aye, Ready. "HMCS Sherbrooke". Retrieved 24 August 2013.
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