HMCS Windflower was a Royal Canadian Navy Flower-class corvette which took part in convoy escort duties in the Battle of the Atlantic during the Second World War.
 HMCS Windflower during acceptance trials in 1940. Most of the ship's armament has not yet been fitted.
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United Kingdom | |
| Name | Windflower |
| Namesake | Windflower |
| Ordered | 22 January 1940 |
| Builder | Davie Shipbuilding, Lauzon |
| Laid down | 25 February 1940 |
| Launched | 4 July 1940 |
| Commissioned | 20 October 1940 |
| Out of service | 15 May 1941 |
| Identification | Pennant number: K155 |
| Fate | Loaned to Canada 1941; sunk 1941 |
| Canada | |
| Name | Windflower |
| Acquired | Loaned from United Kingdom |
| Commissioned | 15 May 1941 |
| Out of service | 7 December 1941 |
| Identification | Pennant number: K155 |
| Honours and awards | Atlantic 1941[1] |
| Fate | Sunk on 7 December 1941 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Flower-class corvette |
| Displacement | 925 long tons (940 t) |
| Length | 205 ft (62 m) o/a |
| Beam | 33 ft (10 m) |
| Draught | 11 ft 6 in (3.51 m) |
| Installed power | 2,750 ihp (2,050 kW) |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed | 16 kn (18 mph; 30 km/h) |
| Range | 3,500 nmi (4,000 mi; 6,500 km) at 12 kn (14 mph; 22 km/h) |
| Complement | 85 |
| Sensors and processing systems | |
| Armament |
|
Background
editFlower-class corvettes like Windflower serving with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War were different from earlier and more traditional sail-driven corvettes.[2][3][4] The "corvette" designation was created by the French as a class of small warships; the Royal Navy borrowed the term for a period but discontinued its use in 1877.[5] During the hurried preparations for war in the late 1930s, Winston Churchill reactivated the corvette class, needing a name for smaller ships used in an escort capacity, in this case based on a whaling ship design.[6] The generic name "flower" was used to designate the class of these ships, which – in the Royal Navy – were named after flowering plants.[7]
Construction
editWindflower was ordered on 22 January 1940 as part of the 1939-1940 Flower-class building program and laid down at George T. Davie & Sons Ltd., Lauzon on 24 February 1940. Launched on 8 August 1940 she was commissioned into the Royal Navy on 20 October.[8] She was among the ten corvettes to be transferred to the RCN and commissioned on 15 May 1941.[9] She could be told apart from other Canadian Flowers by her lack of minesweeping gear and the siting of the after gun tub amidships.[10]
Battle of the Atlantic
editService with Royal Navy
editAfter working up at Tobermory Windflower was assigned to Escort Group 4 with the Royal Navy escorting convoys between the United Kingdom and Iceland.[11]
Service with Royal Canadian Navy
editAfter she was loaned to the Royal Canadian Navy Windflower transferred to Newfoundland Command after completing the voyage with OB 332. She made three round trips from St. John's to Iceland only interrupted by a short refit at Liverpool, Nova Scotia from August to mid-October.[11]
Sinking
editOn 7 December 1941, Windflower was escorting Convoy SC.58 when she collided with Dutch merchant Zypenberg in dense fog on the Grand Banks at 46° 19N, 49° 30W. 23 crew were lost. At the time corvettes were not outfitted with radar.[8][9]
Notes
edit- ^ "Battle Honours". Britain's Navy. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
- ^ Ossian, Robert. "Complete List of Sailing Vessels". The Pirate King. Retrieved 13 April 2011.
- ^ Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. (1978). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons & Warfare. Vol. 11. London: Phoebus. pp. 1137–1142.
- ^ Jane's Fighting Ships of World War II. New Jersey: Random House. 1996. p. 68. ISBN 0-517-67963-9.
- ^ Blake, Nicholas; Lawrence, Richard (2005). The Illustrated Companion to Nelson's Navy. Stackpole Books. pp. 39–63. ISBN 0-8117-3275-4.
- ^ Chesneau, Roger; Gardiner, Robert (June 1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922-1946. Naval Institute Press. p. 62. ISBN 0-87021-913-8.
- ^ Milner, Marc (1985). North Atlantic Run. Naval Institute Press. pp. 117–119, 142–145, 158, 175–176, 226, 235, 285–291. ISBN 0-87021-450-0.
- ^ a b "HMCS Windflower (K 155)". Uboat.net. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
- ^ a b German, Tony (1990). The Sea is at our Gates : The History of the Canadian Navy. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Inc. pp. 110. ISBN 0-7710-3269-2.
- ^ Macpherson, Ken; Milner, Marc (1993). Corvettes of the Royal Canadian Navy 1939-1945. St. Catharines: Vanwell Publishing.
- ^ a b Macpherson, Ken; Burgess, John (1981). The ships of Canada's naval forces 1910-1981 : a complete pictorial history of Canadian warships. Toronto: Collins. p. 89. ISBN 0-00216-856-1.
External links
edit- Hazegray. "Flower Class". Canadian Navy of Yesterday and Today. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
- Ready, Aye, Ready. "HMCS Windflower". Retrieved 2 August 2013.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)