HOPX

Homeodomain-only protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOPX gene. It is an important regulator of cardiac development and a marker of hippocampal neural stem cells.

HOPX
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1UHS, 2HI3
Identifiers
Aliases	HOPX, CAMEO, HOD, HOP, LAGY, NECC1, OB1, SMAP31, TOTO, HOP homeobox
External IDs	OMIM: 607275; MGI: 1916782; HomoloGene: 15859; GeneCards: HOPX; OMA:HOPX - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 4 (human) Band 4q12 Start 56,647,988 bp End 56,681,899 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 5 (mouse) Band 5|5 C3.3 Start 77,234,835 bp End 77,262,968 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in skin of thigh corpus epididymis skin of hip mucosa of pharynx human penis oral cavity skin of abdomen vulva right lung upper lobe of left lung Top expressed in right lung lobe left lung superior surface of tongue right ventricle cardiac muscle tissue of left ventricle left lung lobe gastrula esophagus interventricular septum transitional epithelium of urinary bladder More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function DNA binding protein binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Cellular component cytoplasm nucleus Biological process regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II negative regulation of cell differentiation multicellular organism development regulation of transcription, DNA-templated transcription, DNA-templated trophectodermal cell differentiation chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly cell differentiation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 84525 74318 Ensembl ENSG00000171476 ENSMUSG00000059325 UniProt Q9BPY8 Q8R1H0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001145459 NM_001145460 NM_032495 NM_139211 NM_139212 NM_001159900 NM_001159901 NM_175606 RefSeq (protein) NP_001138931 NP_001138932 NP_115884 NP_631957 NP_631958 NP_001153372 NP_001153373 NP_783199 Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 56.65 – 56.68 Mb Chr 5: 77.23 – 77.26 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a homeodomain protein that lacks certain conserved residues required for DNA binding. It was reported that choriocarcinoma cell lines and tissues failed to express this gene, which suggested the possible involvement of this gene in malignant conversion of placental trophoblasts. Studies in mice suggested that this protein may interact with serum response factor (SRF) and modulate SRF-dependent cardiac-specific gene expression and cardiac development. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been observed, the full-length natures of only some have been determined.

Further reading

• Kook H, Epstein JA (October 2003). "Hopping to the beat. Hop regulation of cardiac gene expression". Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine. 13 (7): 261–264. doi:10.1016/S1050-1738(03)00107-5. PMID 14522464.
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA (November 2000). "DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination". Genome Research. 10 (11): 1788–1795. doi:10.1101/gr.143000. PMC 310948. PMID 11076863.
• Asanoma K, Matsuda T, Kondo H, Kato K, Kishino T, Niikawa N, et al. (January 2003). "NECC1, a candidate choriocarcinoma suppressor gene that encodes a homeodomain consensus motif". Genomics. 81 (1): 15–25. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(02)00011-3. PMID 12573257.
• Chen Y, Petersen S, Pacyna-Gengelbach M, Pietas A, Petersen I (2003). "Identification of a novel homeobox-containing gene, LAGY, which is downregulated in lung cancer". Oncology. 64 (4): 450–458. doi:10.1159/000070306. PMID 12759545. S2CID 3205741.
• Kook H, Lepore JJ, Gitler AD, Lu MM, Wing-Man Yung W, Mackay J, et al. (September 2003). "Cardiac hypertrophy and histone deacetylase-dependent transcriptional repression mediated by the atypical homeodomain protein Hop". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 112 (6): 863–871. doi:10.1172/JCI19137. PMC 193673. PMID 12975471.
• Adu J, Leong FT, Smith NR, Leek JP, Markham AF, Robinson PA, et al. (December 2002). "Expression of mOb1, a novel atypical 73 amino acid K50-homeodomain protein, during mouse development". Mechanisms of Development. 119. 119 Suppl 1 (Suppl 1): S43–S47. doi:10.1016/S0925-4773(03)00090-X. PMID 14516659. S2CID 11648378.
• Lemaire F, Millon R, Muller D, Rabouel Y, Bracco L, Abecassis J, et al. (July 2004). "Loss of HOP tumour suppressor expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma". British Journal of Cancer. 91 (2): 258–261. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6601952. PMC 2409811. PMID 15213722.
• Pauws E, Sijmons GG, Yaka C, Ris-Stalpers C (July 2004). "A novel homeobox gene overexpressed in thyroid carcinoma". Thyroid. 14 (7): 500–505. doi:10.1089/1050725041517020. PMID 15307938.
• Toruner GA, Ulger C, Alkan M, Galante AT, Rinaggio J, Wilk R, et al. (October 2004). "Association between gene expression profile and tumor invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma". Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics. 154 (1): 27–35. doi:10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2004.01.026. PMID 15381369.
• Asanoma K, Kato H, Inoue T, Matsuda T, Wake N (August 2004). "Analysis of a candidate gene associated with growth suppression of choriocarcinoma and differentiation of trophoblasts". The Journal of Reproductive Medicine. 49 (8): 617–626. PMID 15457851.
• Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, Wellenreuther R, Schleeger S, Mehrle A, et al. (October 2004). "From ORFeome to biology: a functional genomics pipeline". Genome Research. 14 (10B): 2136–2144. doi:10.1101/gr.2576704. PMC 528930. PMID 15489336.
• Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H, Schupp I, del Val C, Arlt D, Hahne F, et al. (January 2006). "The LIFEdb database in 2006". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (Database issue): D415–D418. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj139. PMC 1347501. PMID 16381901.
• Kook H, Yung WW, Simpson RJ, Kee HJ, Shin S, Lowry JA, et al. (September 2006). "Analysis of the structure and function of the transcriptional coregulator HOP". Biochemistry. 45 (35): 10584–10590. doi:10.1021/bi060641s. PMID 16939210.
• Kee HJ, Kim JR, Nam KI, Park HY, Shin S, Kim JC, et al. (March 2007). "Enhancer of polycomb1, a novel homeodomain only protein-binding partner, induces skeletal muscle differentiation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 282 (10): 7700–7709. doi:10.1074/jbc.M611198200. PMID 17192267.
• Americo TA, Chiarini LB, Linden R (June 2007). "Signaling induced by hop/STI-1 depends on endocytosis". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 358 (2): 620–625. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.04.202. PMID 17498662.

External links

• HOPX+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.