GY Andromedae (GY And) is an α2 Canum Venaticorum type binary variable star in the northern constellation Andromeda. Its brightness fluctuates in visual magnitude between 6.27m and 6.41m, making it a challenge to view with the naked eye even in good seeing conditions. The magnetic activity on this star shows an unusually long period of variability, cycling about once every 23 years.[10] Based upon parallax measurements, this star is located at a distance of about 460 light-years (140 parsecs) from the Earth.[2]
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Andromeda |
| Right ascension | 01h 38m 31.82552s[2] |
| Declination | +45° 23′ 58.9357″[2] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 6.36[3] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | B9 pe[4] |
| U−B color index | -0.10[3] |
| B−V color index | +0.04[3] |
| Variable type | α2 CVn |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | +3.0[5] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: −17.292(211)[2] mas/yr Dec.: −1.386(150)[2] mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 7.1093 ± 0.1589 mas[2] |
| Distance | 460 ± 10 ly (141 ± 3 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | +0.68[6] |
| Details | |
| Mass | 2.47 ± 0.15[6] M☉ |
| Radius | 2.6 ± 0.4[6] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 52[6] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.01 ± 0.14[6] cgs |
| Temperature | 10,723[7] K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.86[7] dex |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 31[8] km/s |
| Orbit[9] | |
| Companion | GY And B |
| Period (P) | 272.99 days |
| Semi-major axis (a) | > 0.25 AU |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.47 |
| Argument of periastron (ω) (secondary) | 17.7° |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
This is classified as an Ap/Bp star, with a peculiar spectrum[10] showing lines of chromium and europium that change in intensity over a period matching the variability cycle, although opposite in phase.[11] Its most striking characteristic is the presence of the unstable element promethium in its emission spectrum. All isotopes of this element are radioactive with half lives of 17.7 years or less. The promethium in the outer envelope may be generated by the spontaneous fission of higher mass transuranic elements.[12]
System
editBased on radial velocity measurements taken at the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory between 1927 and 1935 Canadian astronomer William Edmund Harper strongly suspected that this star was a spectroscopic binary.[13] In 1958, American astronomer Horace W. Babcock confirmed the binary nature of the star.[14] It has an orbital period of 273 days with a large eccentricity of 0.47. The two components are separated by an estimated distance of at least 3.74 × 107 km, or 0.25 Astronomical Units.[9]
References
edit- ^ Metlova, N. V.; Bychkov, V. D.; Bychkova, L. V.; Madej, J. (23 August 2014). "Photometric and Magnetic Variability of the Ap Star GY And". Astrophysical Bulletin. 69: 315–320. doi:10.1134/S1990341314030067. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv:2012.01533. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
- ^ a b c Nicolet, B. (1978). "Photoelectric photometric Catalogue of homogeneous measurements in the UBV System". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 34: 1–49. Bibcode:1978A&AS...34....1N.
- ^ a b "V* GY And -- Variable Star of alpha2 CVn type", SIMBAD, Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg, retrieved 2012-01-01
- ^ Wilson, R. E. (1953), "General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities", Carnegie Institute Washington D.C. Publication, Carnegie Institute of Washington, D.C., Bibcode:1953GCRV..C......0W
- ^ a b c d e North, P. (June 1998), "Do SI stars undergo any rotational braking?", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 334: 181–187, arXiv:astro-ph/9802286, Bibcode:1998A&A...334..181N
- ^ a b Aller, M. F. (July 1972), "A model atmosphere analysis of the Ap star HR 465", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 19: 248–260, Bibcode:1972A&A....19..248A
- ^ Royer, F.; et al. (October 2002), "Rotational velocities of A-type stars in the northern hemisphere. II. Measurement of v sin i", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 393: 897–911, arXiv:astro-ph/0205255, Bibcode:2002A&A...393..897R, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020943, S2CID 14070763
- ^ a b Scholz, G. (1978), "Spectroscopic investigations of the magnetic AP star HD 9996", Astronomische Nachrichten, 299 (2): 81–85, Bibcode:1978AN....299...81S, doi:10.1002/asna.19782990204
- ^ a b Leroy, J. L. (November 1995), "Linear polarimetry of AP stars. V. A general catalogue of measurements", Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement, 114: 79, Bibcode:1995A&AS..114...79L
- ^ Preston, George W.; Wolff, Sidney C. (June 1970), "The Very Slow Spectrum, Magnetic, and Photometric Variations of HD 9996", Astrophysical Journal, 160: 1071, Bibcode:1970ApJ...160.1071P, doi:10.1086/150494
- ^ Mitalas, R.; Marlborough, J. M. (April 1973), "Some tests and consequences of the identification of promethium in HR 465", Astrophysical Journal, 181: 475–480, Bibcode:1973ApJ...181..475M, doi:10.1086/152063
- ^ Harper, W. E. (1937). "The radial velocities of 917 stars". Publications of the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory Victoria B.C. 7: 1–97. Bibcode:1937PDAO....7....1H.
- ^ Babcock, Horace W. (1958). "A Catalog of Magnetic Stars". Astrophysical Journal Supplement. 3: 141–210. Bibcode:1958ApJS....3..141B. doi:10.1086/190035.
External links
edit- Astronomie: Die Sterne - Special Stars: GY Andromedae