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Hadiqat al-Akhbar

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Hadiqat al-Akhbar (Arabic: حديقة الأخبار, lit. 'The News Garden' ALA-LC: Ḥadīqat al-Akhbār) was a weekly newspaper which was published in Beirut in the period 1858–1911 with a two-year interruption. Its subtitle was Ṣaḥīfat Sūriyya wa-Lubnān (Arabic: Newspaper of Syria and Lebanon).[1] The paper was the first private daily in Beirut,[2] the first Arabic newspaper which had a regular literary section[3] and the first weekly Arabic newspaper in the region.[4]

Hadiqat al-Akhbar
Issue 173 of the paper dated August 1861
TypeWeekly newspaper
Owner(s)Khalil al-Khuri
Founder(s)Khalil al-Khuri
Publisheral-Matba'a s-Suriyya
Editor-in-chiefKhalil al-Khuri
Founded29 June 1858
Language
  • Arabic
  • French
Ceased publication10 April 1911
HeadquartersBeirut
CountryLebanon
OCLC number213490831

History and profile

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Hadiqat al-Akhbar was launched by Khalil al-Khuri, a Lebanese,[5] in Beirut.[6][7] The first issue appeared on 29 June 1858.[8] Michel Médawar who was a Greek Catholic merchant working at the French Consulate in Beirut as an interpreter financed the paper.[6] Khalil Sarkis who would start his own title Lisan al Hal in Beirut in 1877 worked for the paper.[9] Its publisher was al-Matba' as-Suriyya which was owned by al-Khuri.[10] He also edited the paper which began to be published both in Arabic and French from 1870.[8][11] The French edition was entitled Hadikat-el-Akhbar. Journal de Syrie et Liban.[3]

Hadiqat al-Akhbar was made a semi-official publication of the Ottoman Empire in 1860 upon the request of Fuad Pasha, Ottoman foreign minister, in the aftermath of the civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus.[12] Its semi-official status continued until the official Ottoman publication Suriya was launched.[12] Hadiqat al-Akhbar also functioned in this status between 1869 and 1870 during the governorship of Franco Pasha in Lebanon.[12] The paper was also supported by the Egyptian Khedive Ismail Pasha, possibly after the Ottoman support ended.[13]

The contributors of the paper and al-Khuri were members of the Médawar Literary Circle.[6] Selim Nauphal was the editor who translated and serialized the French novels in the paper.[6] Antonius Ameuney was the contributor of the paper based in London.[6]

During its lifetime the frequency of Hadiqat al-Akhbar was changed from daily to weekly and then to biweekly.[14] It featured local and international news, reports on mercantile activity and also literary works.[6][15] Soon after its start the paper became one of the leading publications in Beirut.[10] Hadiqat al-Akhbar was also distributed to other cities, including Damascus, Aleppo, Baghdad, Alexandria, Cairo, Istanbul, Paris, London and Leipzig.[6] The number of subscribers was nearly 400 within the three months after its start.[6] It gradually increased over time.[6]

In 1907 Hadiqat al-Akhbar temporarily ceased publication.[8] Its publication was restarted in April 1909, but the paper was permanently closed down on 10 April 1911.[8]

References

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  1. ^ Ḥadīqat al-akhbār. WorldCat. OCLC 213490831. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
  2. ^ Marwan M. Kraidy (1999). "State Control of Television News in 1990s Lebanon". Annenberg School for Communication. 76 (3): 486. doi:10.1177/107769909907600306. S2CID 144387260.
  3. ^ a b Johann Strauss (2003). "Who Read What in the Ottoman Empire (19th-20th centuries)?". Middle Eastern Literatures. 6 (1): 43. doi:10.1080/14752620306881. S2CID 162158665.
  4. ^ Fawwaz Traboulsi (2012). A History of Modern Lebanon (2nd ed.). London: Pluto Press. p. 61. doi:10.2307/j.ctt183p4f5. ISBN 9780745332741. JSTOR j.ctt183p4f5.
  5. ^ Bawardi, Basilius (2018). "DISCOVERING THE LOCAL: KHALĪL AL-KHŪRĪ'S WAYY. 'IḎAN LASTU BI-'IFRANǦIYY (ALAS, I'M NOT A FOREIGNER) 1859-1861, AND LITERARY GEOGRAPHICAL WRITING". Romano-Arabica. XVIII (18): 15–24.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i Anthony Edwards (2020). "Serializing protestantism: the missionary Miscellany and the Arabic press in 1850s Beirut". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 49: 2, 14–18. doi:10.1080/13530194.2020.1765141. S2CID 219498842.
  7. ^ Aida Ali Najjar (1975). The Arabic Press and Nationalism in Palestine, 1920-1948 (PhD thesis). Syracuse University. p. 23. ISBN 9781083851468. ProQuest 288060869.
  8. ^ a b c d "Archive". Leibniz Zentrum Moderner Orient. Archived from the original on 24 May 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
  9. ^ Jens Hanssen; Hicham Safieddine (2019). "Butrus al-Bustani: From Protestant Convert to Ottoman Patriot and Arab Reformer". The Clarion of Syria. A Patriot's Call against the Civil War of 1860. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. p. 24. doi:10.1515/9780520971158-005. ISBN 9780520971158.
  10. ^ a b Ami Ayalon (2008). "Private Publishing in the Nahda". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 40 (4): 561–577. doi:10.1017/S002074380808149X. S2CID 162416226.
  11. ^ "A Chronology of Arabic Periodicals". Project Jara'id. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
  12. ^ a b c Caesar A. Farah (2010). Arabs and Ottomans. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press. p. 52. doi:10.31826/9781463225445-007. ISBN 9781617190896.
  13. ^ Adam Mestyan (2014). "Arabic theater in early khedivial culture, 1868-72: James Sanua revisited". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 46 (1): 119. doi:10.1017/S0020743813001311. hdl:10161/12572. S2CID 162781557.
  14. ^ Fruma Zachs; Sharon Halevi (November 2009). "From Difāʿ Al-Nisāʾ to Masʾalat Al-Nisāʾ in Greater Syria: Readers and Writers Debate Women and Their Rights, 1858-1900". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 41 (4): 617. doi:10.1017/S0020743809990390. S2CID 232252692.
  15. ^ Lawrence Pintak (2019). "Middle Eastern and North African Journalism". In Tim P. Vos; Folker Hanusch (eds.). The International Encyclopedia of Journalism Studies. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 1. doi:10.1002/9781118841570.iejs0173. ISBN 9781118841570. S2CID 155248874.
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