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Senate (Haiti)

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The Senate (French: Sénat, Haitian Creole: Sena) is the upper house of Haiti's bicameral legislature, the Haitian Parliament. The lower house of the Haitian Parliament is the Chamber of Deputies. The Senate consists of thirty seats, with three members from each of the ten administrative departments. Prior to the creation of the department of Nippes in 2003, there were twenty-seven seats. Senators are elected by popular vote to six-year terms, with one-third elected every two years. There are no term limits for senators; they may be re-elected indefinitely.

Senate

Sénat · Sena
Currently Dissolved
National emblem of Haiti
Type
Type
Term limits
No limits
History
FoundedDecember 1806[1]
Structure
Seats30
Political groups
  Vacant: 30 seats
Length of term
Six years
Elections
Two-round system
Last election
2016–17
Next election
Next
Meeting place
Port-au-Prince
Website
[1]

After the elections of 2000, twenty-six of the then twenty-seven seats were held by Jean-Bertrand Aristide's Fanmi Lavalas party. The Senate was not in session following the overthrow of Aristide's government in February 2004. An interim government was put in place following the rebellion, and the remaining senators were not recognised during that time. The Senate was re-established and elections were held on 21 April 2006. The next elections were scheduled to occur in 2008, when one-third of the Senate seats was opened.

In 2015, the Senate was reduced to only 10 members and the chamber of deputies was closed because the elections to replace one-third of the senators and all of the deputies in 2013 were delayed indefinitely causing senators and deputies to finish their term in January 2015 without any replacement. This led to a dysfunctional National assembly. In the 2015 parliamentary elections these two-thirds were filled with new elected members, completing the 30 senators.[2]

In January 2020, the number of lawmakers retaining their Senate seats was again reduced to 10 as President Jovenel Moïse failed to hold elections in time to replace the others, whose terms expired before his assassination.[3][4] Following the expiration of the terms of these remaining senators on 10 January 2023, Haiti has not elected members of either chamber of its Parliament.[5]

Latest election

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2015 Haitian parliamentary elections
Party Senators
1st Round 2nd Round Total
Plateforme Vérité (VERITE) 0 3 3
Konvansyon Inite Demokratik (KID) 0 3 3
Haitian Tèt Kale Party (PHTK) 0 6 6
Struggling People's Organization (OPL) 0 1 1
Fanmi Lavalas (FL) 0 1 1
Haiti in Action (AAA) 1 0 1
Pont 0 1 1
Platfòm Pitit Desalin 0 1 1
Ligue Dessalinienne (LIDE) 1 0 1
Total 2 12 14
Seats not awarded yet 9
Seats not up in 2015 elections 9
Total seats 30
Sources: [2], [3], [4]

List of Senate presidents

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Le Président du Sénat[citation needed]

Name Took office Left office Party
César Télémaque[6] 31 December 1806 February 1807
Jean-Louis Barlatier March 1807 April 1807
Louis-Auguste Daumec April 1807 May 1807
Théodat Trichet June 1807 1807
Guy Joseph Bonnet 1808 4 March 1808
Gabriel David Troy 4 March 1808 April 1808
Jean-Louis Larose May 1808 June 1808
Pierre Charles Lys July 1808 August 1808
Philippe Bourjolly-Modé September 1808 18 November 1808
Louis-Auguste Daumec 18 November 1808 ?
Jean-Louis Larose ? April 1811
Louis Leroux May 1811 1811
Jean-Auguste Voltaire 1812 1812
Jean-Louis Larose 1812 ?
Pierre Charles Lys 1813 1813
Jean-Auguste Voltaire 1813 ?
Jean-Louis Larose 1814 1814
Louis Leroux 1814 July 1814
Jean-Louis Larose August 1814 1814
Jean-Auguste Voltaire 1814 December 1814
Jean-Louis Larose December 1814 1815
Pierre Charles Lys 1815 1815
Joseph Neptune 1815 January 1816
Casimir Célestin Panayoty January 1816 1816
Jean-Baptiste Bayard 1816 ?
Pierre Simon 1817 August 1817
Jean-Louis Larose August 1817 ?
Hilaire Martin[7] ? – 1820 1820 – ?
Amédé Gayot 1821 ?
Noël Viallet[8] ? – October 1821 October 1821–?
Antoine Lerebours[9] ? – October 1822 October 1822–?
Noël Viallet[8] ? – July 1824 February 1825–?
Louis-Auguste Daumec ? – April 1825 April 1825 – ?
Noël Viallet[10] ? – January 1826 April 1826
Pierre-Prosper Rouanez[11] April 1826 May 1826 – ?
François Sambour[12] 1827 1827 – ?
Fonroë Dubreuil[12] ? – 1828 1828
Jean-François Lespinasse[12] 1828 1828
Louis Gabriel Audigé[12] 1828 1828
François Sambour[12][13] 1828 1829
Jean-François Lespinasse[12] 1829 1830
Antoine Martinez Valdès[12] 1830 1830
Eustache Frémont[12] 1830 1831
Louis Gabriel Audigé[12] 1831 1831 – ?
Joseph Georges[12] ? – 1832 1832
Louis Gabriel Audigé[12] 1832 1832 – ?
Jean Béchet[12] ? – 1833 1833 – ?
Jean-François Lespinasse[14] ? – August 1833 August 1833 – ?
Jean-Baptiste Bayard ? 1834
Joseph Georges June 1834 July 1834
Noël Viallet July 1834 1835
Charles-Théodore Cupidon[15] 1835 June 1835
Pierre André July 1835 ?
Louis D. Gilles 1836 August 1836
Eustache Frémont September 1836 October 1836
Jean-Pierre Oriol November 1836 ?
Jose Joachim Del Monte 1837 1837
Beaubrun Ardouin 1837 ?
Amédé Gayot 1838 1838
Charles Bazelais 1838 1838
Beaubrun Ardouin[16] 1838 1839
David Troy ? – March 1846 March 1846 – ?
Pierre Louis Bouzi[7] ? – 1848 1848 – ?
André Jean Simon[17] ? – September 1849 September 1849–?
Larouchel du Bas-de-Sainte-Anne[18] ? ?
Désormes Ls. Lafontant[7] ? – 1852 1852 – ?
Hilaire-Jean Pierre[7] ? – 1859 1859 – ?
Pierre-Louis Cariès[7] ? – 1860 1860 – ?
François Lacruz[19] ? – September 1860 September 1860 – ?
José Ignacio Mendoza[7] ? – December 1860 December 1860 – ?
Saladin Lamour[20] ? – August 1862 August 1862 – ?
Antoine Laforest[7] ? – 1864 1864 – ?
Michel Dupont[7] ? – 1870 7 June 1874
Dasny Labonté 1875 ?
Louis Audain 1876 ?
Aristide Flambert[21] 1877 ?
François Hippolyte 1878 July 1878
Darius Denis July 1878 1878
Brunis Maignan[7] September 1878 1878 – ?
Morin Montasse 1879 ?
Innocent Michel-Pierre[22] 1880 ?
Morin Montasse[7][23] ? – October 1881 1884
Brunis Maignan[24] 1885 1888
Néré Numa 1889 ?
Massillon A. Aubry 1890 ?
Charles Archin[25] 1891 1891
Dulciné Jean-Louis 1891 ?
Brunis Maignan[26] 1892 December 1893 – ?
Alexis Dérac[27] ? – August 1894 September 1894 – ?
Pierre-Antoine Stewart[28] 1895 1896
Cadestin Robert[29] ? – August 1897 August 1897 – ?
Vaillant Guillaume[30][31] 1898 1900
Guillaume[32] ? – 1901 1901 – ?
Pétion Pierre-André[33] ? – February 1904 September 1904 – ?
T. A. Dupiton ? – 1906 1907 – ?
François Paulinus Paulin[32] 1909 1911
Joseph Davilmar Théodore 1911 1912
Philippe Sudré Dartiguenave 1913 1914 – ?
Stephen Archer 1915 ?
Paul Laraque 1916 1916
Abolished 1916 1918
Antoine Dubost 1918 1918 – ?
Stephen Archer ? – 1919 1922
Fouchard Martineau[32][34] ? – 1931 1934 – ?
Louis S. Zéphirin[35] 1935 1940 – ?
Alfred Nemours Auguste[36] 1943 1946
Jean Bélizaire[37] 1946 1949 – ?
Charles Fombrun[38] ? – 1951 1955 – ?
Charles Fombrun 9 April 1956 7 February 1957
Emile Saint-Lot 1957 1957
Hugues Bourjolly[39] 1957 1958 – ?
Antoine Marthold[40] 1959 1961[41]
Abolished 1961[41] January 1988
Louis J. Noisin[42] January 1988 June 1988
No legislature June 1988 February 1991[43]
Endrice Raymond[44] 1991 1991 FNCD
Déjean Bélizaire[45] ? - August 1991 31 January 1993 MNP 28
Firmin Jean-Louis[46] and Thomas Eddy Dupiton 31 January 1993 4 February 1994 FNCD
Bernard Sansaricq 4 February 1994 October 1994
Firmin Jean-Louis[46] October 1994 13 October 1995 FNCD
Edgard Leblanc Fils 13 October 1995[47] March 2000 – ? OPL
Yvon Neptune[48] 28 August 2000 14 March 2002 Fanmi Lavalas
Fourel Célestin[49] 27 March 2002 29 August 2004 Fanmi Lavalas
Yvon Feuillé 29 August 2004 8 September 2004
No legislature September 2004 May 2006
Joseph Lambert 11 May 2006 2006 Lespwa
Kely Bastien January 2008 28 April 2011 Lespwa
Jean Rodolphe Joazile 28 April 2011[50] 9 January 2012 PONT
Simon Dieuseul Desras 9 January 2012 12 January 2015 Lavni
Riché Andris 12 January 2015 14 January 2016 Alternative
Jocelerme Privert 14 January 2016 14 February 2016 INITE
Ronald Larêche 14 February 2016 13 January 2017 VÉRITÉ
Youri Latortue 13 January 2017 9 January 2018 AAA
Joseph Lambert 9 January 2018 17 January 2019 KONA
Carl Murat Cantave 17 January 2019 14 January 2020 KID
Pierre François Sildor 14 January 2020 12 January 2021 PHTK
Joseph Lambert 12 January 2021 11 January 2022 KONA
Joseph Lambert 11 January 2022 10 January 2023 KONA

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ "Histoire". 3 April 2015. Archived from the original on 3 April 2015.
  2. ^ "2210.- Le Sénat de la République » Haiti-Référence".
  3. ^ "Haiti, June 2021 Monthly Forecast". NBC News. Reuters. 29 May 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  4. ^ Lemaire, Sandra; Ching, Nike; Toussaint, Renan; Matiado, Vilme (14 July 2021). "US Will Support Inclusive, Credible Haitian Government, State Department Official Tells VOA". Voice of America. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  5. ^ Taylor, Luke (10 January 2023). "Haiti left with no elected government officials as it spirals towards anarchy". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
  6. ^ "L'Union. Recueil commercial et littéraire". Gallica. 14 December 1837.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Lhérisson, L.-C. Auteur du texte (8 November 1895). La Législation de l'instruction publique de la république d'Haïti (1804–1895). ... par Sténio Vincent,... L.-C. Lhérisson,... – via gallica.bnf.fr.
  8. ^ a b "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  9. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  10. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  11. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Recueil général des lois & actes du gouvernement d'Haiti". ufdc.ufl.edu.
  13. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  14. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  15. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  16. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  17. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  18. ^ Magloire, Auguste (4 August 1909). "Histoire d'Haïti d'après un plan nouveau basé sur l'observation des faits (1804–1909)". Port-au-Prince, Haïti : Impr.-Librairie du Matin – via Internet Archive.
  19. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  20. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  21. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  22. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  23. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  24. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  25. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  26. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  27. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  28. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  29. ^ "Recueil de lois relatives aux biens du domaine national". ufdc.ufl.edu.
  30. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  31. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  32. ^ a b c Calixte, Nyll F. (19 June 1974). "La Représentation parlementaire de Fort-Liberté (Haïti) de 1930 à 1972". Éditions de l'École.
  33. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  34. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 February 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  35. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 January 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  36. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  37. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  38. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  39. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  40. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  41. ^ a b Hilton, Ronald (19 June 1963). "Hispanic American Report". Stanford University, Hispanic American Studies.
  42. ^ "Caribbean Insight". Goodyear Gibbs (Caribbean). 1988.
  43. ^ "IPU PARLINE database: HAITI (Sénat), election archives". archive.ipu.org.
  44. ^ Christian Lionet (1992). Haïti: l'année Aristide. L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-7384-1250-8.
  45. ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. 1991. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  46. ^ a b Pezzullo, Ralph (19 June 2019). Plunging into Haiti: Clinton, Aristide, and the Defeat of Diplomacy. Univ. Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1-60473-534-5.
  47. ^ United States Foreign Broadcast Information Service (1995). "Daily Report: Latin America. Index". NewsBank.
  48. ^ "OAS/MLA :: Home" (PDF). OAS – Organization of American States. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  49. ^ Keesing's Record of World Events. Longman. 2002.
  50. ^ "IPU PARLINE database: HAITI (Sénat), ELECTIONS IN 2010". archive.ipu.org.

Further reading

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  This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook. CIA.

  • "Haiti". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 14 November 2006. Retrieved 17 November 2006.
  • Schutt-Ainé, Patricia (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 167. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.
  • About parliament – Senate, Inter-Parliamentary Union
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