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Hamilton County, Indiana

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Hamilton County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. The 2020 United States Census recorded a population of 347,467.[1] The county seat is Noblesville.

Hamilton County
County
Hamilton County courthouse in Noblesville, Indiana
Hamilton County courthouse in Noblesville, Indiana
Official seal of Hamilton County
Seal
Map of Indiana highlighting Hamilton County
Location within the U.S. state of Indiana
Map of the United States highlighting Indiana
Indiana's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 40°04′N 86°03′W / 40.07°N 86.05°W / 40.07; -86.05
Country United States
State Indiana
Founded1823
Named forAlexander Hamilton
SeatNoblesville
Largest cityCarmel
Area
 • Total402.44 sq mi (1,042.3 km2)
 • Land394.27 sq mi (1,021.2 km2)
 • Water8.17 sq mi (21.2 km2)  2.03%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total347,467
 • Estimate 
(2023)
371,645 Increase
 • Density690/sq mi (266/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district5th
Websitewww.hamiltoncounty.in.gov
 
  • Indiana county number 29
  • Fastest-growing county in the state
  • Most affluent county in the state

Hamilton County is part of the Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. Since the beginning of the 21st century, Hamilton County has been the second most populous county in Central Indiana.

Hamilton County's roots are in agriculture. However, after World War II, development in Indianapolis grew northward, and cities/towns in the southern and central part of Hamilton County developed as suburbs. Residential and commercial development have replaced many farm fields, although the county's northern part remains largely agricultural. In the first decades of the 21st century, the county is one of the fastest-growing counties in the United States. According to 2007 estimates by the US Census, the county's population increased from 182,740 in 2000 to an estimated 261,661 in 2007, making it the fastest-growing county of Indiana's 92. As of the 2010 census, Hamilton County surpassed St. Joseph County in population, making it the state's fourth most populous.[2]

In 2020, Hamilton County was home to three of the state's 20 largest cities and towns: Carmel (5th), Fishers (6th), and Noblesville (12th).

Geist and Morse reservoirs are two man-made lakes in Hamilton County that offer boating, fishing, and waterfront living.

In June 2008, Hamilton County was named America's Best Place to Raise a Family by Forbes.com[3] due to its strong economy, affordable living, top-ranked schools, and close proximity to Indianapolis. The city of Carmel in southwestern Hamilton County was designated CNN Money's top place to live in 2013[4] and in 2017, the city of Fishers was named best place to live.[5]

History

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Illustrated history of Hamilton County, Indiana

The land containing Hamilton County was brought into the possession of the United States by the Treaty of St. Mary's in 1818. William Conner was the first white settler in the county. In the summer of 1822, after realizing there were enough settlers in the area, Conner and other settlers applied to the Indiana Legislature for a charter authorizing them to become a separate and independent county under Indiana law. The application was presented to the 1822–23 session of the Indiana General Assembly, and the act was passed and approved by the governor on January 8, 1823. The act took effect on the first Monday in April (April 7), 1823. The county commissioners first met on May 5, 1823, at Conner's house; it also served as the county circuit courthouse. The county was named for Alexander Hamilton, the first secretary of the US treasury.[6][7][8]

2,165 soldiers from Hamilton County served in the Civil War.[9] The last veteran residing in the county died in 1942.[10]

Most Belgian immigration to Indiana occurred in the northwestern part of the state in Lake County and Porter County. However, in the 1890s, a significant number of Belgian immigrants also settled in the Noblesville area of Hamilton County. Similarly, chain migration led to numerous first generation Serbian immigrants who had settled in Indianapolis, and their Indiana-born children, to move to Arcadia, Carmel, Sheridan, Noblesville, and Cicero around the turn of the 20th century.[11][12]

Like most of Indiana, the area was also heavily German-American, with Germans being the second largest single ethnic group in the county at the time, second only to so-called "native born whites" whose ancestry extended to the original Thirteen Colonies and who were the largest ethnic group in Hamilton County at the turn of the century.[13] During World War I, Hamilton County was noted for an extreme rise in anti-German sentiment. The name of Wilhelm Street in Noblesville was changed to Washington Street and German-Americans were subjected to bullying and abuse from their neighbors. German-Americans were one of the largest ethnic groups in the county, but the remaining two-thirds of the county were "whipped into an anti-German frenzy" during which Germanness and Americanness were presented as being antithetical throughout the press. Hamilton County was labeled the "most anti-German county" in Indiana,[14] although such attitudes were common throughout the rest of Indiana as well.[15] During most of 1940 and 1941, Indiana as a whole was very isolationist, with much of the state preferring that the country stay neutral in the European conflict. However, Hamilton County was a "hot-bed of interventionist and pro-British sentiment", which stood out because unlike many other places in Indiana, most people in Hamilton County were in favor of American entry into the war, and were in favor of providing Britain with as much aid as possible as well.[16]

Climate and weather

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Noblesville, Indiana
Climate chart (explanation)
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Source: The Weather Channel[17]
Metric conversion
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In recent years, average temperatures in Noblesville have ranged from a low of 17 °F (−8 °C) in January to a high of 85 °F (29 °C) in July, although a record low of −23 °F (−31 °C) was recorded in January 1994 and a record high of 105 °F (41 °C) was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.42 inches (61 mm) in January to 4.86 inches (123 mm) in May. Hamilton County's climate thus falls within the Köppen climate classification system as a humid continental temperate climate, with pleasant spring and fall seasons surrounded by harsh cold and humid heat in the winter and summer, respectively.[17]

Government

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The county executive body is the Board of County Commissioners, which consists of three Commissioners representing their three respective districts.

District 1 consists of Carmel, which is coextensive with Clay Township. District 2 consists of Fishers, Noblesville, Delaware Township, and Noblesville Township. District 3 consists of Adams Township, Fall Creek Township, Jackson Township, Washington Township, Wayne Township, White River Township, Arcadia, Atlanta, Cicero, Sheridan and Westfield.

The current (2024) County Commissioners are:

  • Christine Altman - District 1
  • Steven C. Dillinger - District 2
  • Mark Heirbrandt - District 3

The county's finances are managed by the County Council, which consists of seven members, four elected by district and three elected at-large.

District 1 consists of parts of Clay Township (45 precincts). District 2 consists of Delaware, Fall Creek, and Wayne Townships. District 3 consists of Noblesville, Jackson and White River Townships. District 4 consists of parts of Clay Township (17 precincts), Adams and Washington Townships.

The current (2024) members of the County Council are:

  • Tim Griffin - District 1
  • Amy Massillamany - District 2
  • Mark Hall - District 3
  • Ken Alexander - District 4
  • Brad Beaver - Council member at large
  • Steven Nation - Council member at large
  • Sue Maki - Council member at large

Hamilton County is part of Indiana's 5th congressional district; Indiana Senate districts 20, 21, 25, 29, and 31;[18] and Indiana House of Representatives districts 24, 29, 32, 37, 39, and 88.[19]

Politics

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The county is located in Indiana's 5th congressional district, which is currently (2022) represented by Republican Victoria Spartz.

Hamilton County has long been reckoned as a classic Republican suburban stronghold. Woodrow Wilson remains the only Democratic presidential candidate to carry Hamilton County, a feat he accomplished in 1912, when Theodore Roosevelt's third party candidacy split the Republican vote and allowed Wilson to carry the county with a slim plurality over incumbent President William H. Taft.[20] Otherwise, the county has reliably voted Republican in every presidential race since 1856, prior to which it supported the Whig candidate in every election of the Second Party System.

In modern political history, the county rejected Franklin Roosevelt in all four of his bids for president and Barry Goldwater easily carried the county in 1964 with 61 percent of the vote. Compared to the rest of Indiana’s counties, Hamilton County recorded the strongest objection to John F. Kennedy in 1960 as well as both times to Bill Clinton in 1992 and 1996. Likewise, the county recorded the strongest support for Ronald Reagan in both 1980 and 1984 compared to all other Indiana counties. Since Wilson carried the county in 1912, a Republican has only carried it by fewer than 10 percentage points twice–in 1932, when Roosevelt held incumbent Herbert Hoover to 53 percent of the vote, and 2020, when Joe Biden held incumbent Donald Trump to 52.4 percent of the vote.

Hamilton County's loyalty to the Republican Party is not limited to presidential elections. The county regularly rejects Democrats in gubernatorial and senatorial races, and is typically one of the Republicans' strongest counties at the state level. One of the few times in recent memory that Hamilton County has supported a Democrat for governor or Senate was in 1992, when Evan Bayh narrowly carried it with 50.48 percent of the vote in his successful gubernatorial reelection bid. However, Bayh lost Hamilton County in his three bids for Senate.

In 2016, despite his statewide dominance that year, Trump turned in the weakest showing for a Republican nominee in Hamilton County since Hoover, winning just 56% of the vote. Thus, Hamilton County voted less Republican than the rest of the state for the first time in almost 100 years. Hillary Clinton won 36.7 percent of the vote, only the third time since Harry Truman that a Democrat had won more than 35 percent of the county's vote. Eight years earlier, Barack Obama received 38.45% of the county vote during the 2008 election, the strongest result for a Democrat since Roosevelt in 1936. In 2018, Senator Joe Donnelly came within 10 percent of winning the county, winning 44.4% of the vote in his re-election loss.[21]

In 2020, Democrat Joe Biden 45.4% of the vote in the county, while Donald Trump won 52.2% of the vote. It was the first time since 1936 that a Democrat even managed 40 percent of the county's vote, and only the second time in 88 years that a Republican had won the county by fewer than 10 points. Biden carried both Carmel and Fishers.[22] In 2024, Kamala Harris improved slightly on Biden's performance, winning 46% of the vote in the county. This the highest percentage of the vote ever won by a Democratic presidential nominee despite Harris losing the presidential election, while Trump received 52.1% of the vote.

United States presidential election results for Hamilton County, Indiana[23][24][25]
Year Republican / Whig Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2024 102,296 52.09% 90,366 46.01% 3,729 1.90%
2020 101,587 52.21% 88,390 45.43% 4,600 2.36%
2016 87,404 56.04% 57,263 36.72% 11,291 7.24%
2012 90,747 66.20% 43,796 31.95% 2,546 1.86%
2008 78,401 60.64% 49,704 38.45% 1,174 0.91%
2004 77,887 74.24% 26,388 25.15% 631 0.60%
2000 56,372 74.25% 18,002 23.71% 1,552 2.04%
1996 42,792 69.45% 14,153 22.97% 4,674 7.59%
1992 34,622 62.46% 10,215 18.43% 10,597 19.12%
1988 36,654 80.36% 8,853 19.41% 108 0.24%
1984 30,254 82.30% 6,364 17.31% 143 0.39%
1980 26,218 74.22% 7,036 19.92% 2,073 5.87%
1976 21,828 72.86% 7,857 26.23% 273 0.91%
1972 20,247 82.74% 4,151 16.96% 72 0.29%
1968 14,250 67.63% 4,586 21.77% 2,233 10.60%
1964 12,060 61.28% 7,553 38.38% 68 0.35%
1960 13,409 70.63% 5,511 29.03% 64 0.34%
1956 11,220 68.96% 4,974 30.57% 77 0.47%
1952 10,843 69.69% 4,564 29.33% 153 0.98%
1948 7,521 62.12% 4,384 36.21% 202 1.67%
1944 8,297 66.06% 4,101 32.65% 162 1.29%
1940 8,931 64.73% 4,791 34.72% 75 0.54%
1936 7,323 56.90% 5,396 41.93% 151 1.17%
1932 7,100 53.08% 5,999 44.85% 277 2.07%
1928 7,960 68.36% 3,611 31.01% 74 0.64%
1924 7,463 64.91% 3,785 32.92% 250 2.17%
1920 7,897 63.04% 4,280 34.17% 350 2.79%
1916 3,951 54.78% 2,799 38.81% 462 6.41%
1912 2,247 31.86% 2,463 34.93% 2,342 33.21%
1908 4,421 56.48% 2,947 37.65% 460 5.88%
1904 4,832 63.50% 2,469 32.44% 309 4.06%
1900 4,788 58.62% 2,931 35.88% 449 5.50%
1896 4,643 59.82% 2,947 37.97% 171 2.20%
1892 3,627 54.52% 2,492 37.46% 533 8.01%
1888 3,599 56.04% 2,412 37.56% 411 6.40%
1884 3,565 57.20% 2,357 37.82% 310 4.97%
1880 3,638 61.69% 2,093 35.49% 166 2.81%
1876 3,259 61.01% 1,897 35.51% 186 3.48%
1872 3,180 68.50% 1,462 31.50% 0 0.00%
1868 3,242 71.73% 1,278 28.27% 0 0.00%
1864 3,225 74.69% 1,093 25.31% 0 0.00%
1860 2,195 63.79% 1,144 33.25% 102 2.96%
1856 1,748 58.84% 1,185 39.89% 38 1.28%
1852 971 41.62% 961 41.19% 401 17.19%
1848 809 41.90% 805 41.69% 317 16.42%
1844 859 48.70% 766 43.42% 139 7.88%
1840 972 58.55% 688 41.45% 0 0.00%
1836 569 68.47% 262 31.53% 0 0.00%
1832 251 60.19% 166 39.81% 0 0.00%
1828 156 73.93% 55 26.07% 0 0.00%
1824 10 22.22% 4 8.89% 31 68.89%

Geography

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According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of 402.44 square miles (1,042.3 km2), of which 394.27 square miles (1,021.2 km2) (or 97.97%) is land and 8.17 square miles (21.2 km2) (or 2.03%) is water.[26]

Major highways

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Airport

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Adjacent counties

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Cities and towns

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Unincorporated areas

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Townships

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
189026,123—
190029,91414.5%
191027,026−9.7%
192024,222−10.4%
193023,444−3.2%
194024,6145.0%
195028,49115.8%
196040,13240.9%
197054,53235.9%
198082,02750.4%
1990108,93632.8%
2000182,74067.7%
2010274,56950.3%
2020347,46726.5%
2023 (est.)371,645[27]7.0%
US Decennial Census[28]
1790-1960[29] 1900-1990[30]
1990-2000[31] 2010-2019[1]

2020 census

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Hamilton County Racial Composition[32]
Race Num. Perc.
White (NH) 275,185 79.2%
Black or African American (NH) 14,674 4.2%
Native American (NH) 402 0.1%
Asian (NH) 23,459 6.75%
Pacific Islander (NH) 134 0.04%
Other/Mixed (NH) 15,507 4.46%
Hispanic or Latino 18,106 5.2%

2010 Census

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Age and gender distribution in Hamilton County

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 274,569 people, 99,835 households, and 74,755 families in the county.[33] The population density was 696.4 inhabitants per square mile (268.9/km2). There were 106,772 housing units at an average density of 270.8 per square mile (104.6/km2).[26] The racial makeup of the county was 88.5% white, 4.8% Asian, 3.5% black or African American, 0.2% American Indian, 1.2% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.4% of the population.[33] In terms of ancestry, 29.0% were German, 14.6% were Irish, 13.0% were English, and 7.7% were American.[34]

Of the 99,835 households, 43.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.2% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 25.1% were non-families, and 20.5% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.19. The median age was 35.6 years.[33]

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $95,376. Males had a median income of $67,221 versus $44,273 for females. The per capita income for the county was $38,500. About 3.6% of families and 4.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.6% of those under age 18 and 3.5% of those age 65 or over.[35]

Life expectancy

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The life expectancy in Hamilton County in 2010 was 81.21 years, up 6.6 percent from 76.16 years in 1980.[36][37] By comparison, the US national average in 2010 was 78.49 years.[38][39]

Education

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School districts include:[40]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "Hamilton County QuickFacts". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 8, 2011. Retrieved September 17, 2011.
  2. ^ "Hamilton takes top spot in county headcount". The Indianapolis Star. Gannett Company. March 21, 2008. Retrieved March 31, 2008.[dead link]
  3. ^ "In Depth: America's Best Places To Raise A Family - Forbes.com". Forbes. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016.
  4. ^ "Top Places to Live 2013".[dead link]
  5. ^ Lim, Christine (September 15, 2017). "Fishers, Indiana is MONEY's No. 1 Best Place to Live in America 2017". Money.com. Archived from the original on August 10, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
  6. ^ "Hamilton County stats". Indiana.edu. Archived from the original on July 8, 2007. Retrieved June 30, 2007.
  7. ^ De Witt Clinton Goodrich & Charles Richard Tuttle (1875). An Illustrated History of the State of Indiana. Indiana: R. S. Peale & co. p. 560.
  8. ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. p. 147.
  9. ^ "May 29, 1939, page 2 - The Noblesville Ledger at Newspapers.com". Newspapers.com. Retrieved October 15, 2024.
  10. ^ "Apr 01, 1983, page 1 - The Noblesville Ledger at Newspapers.com". Newspapers.com. Retrieved October 15, 2024.
  11. ^ Belgian Settlement and Society in the Indiana Rust Belt Susan E. Hume - Geographical Review - Vol. 93, No. 1 (Jan. 2003), pp. 30-50
  12. ^ The Yugoslav Immigrants in America by Joseph S. Roucek - American Journal of Sociology - Vol. 40, No. 5 (Mar. 1935), pp. 602-611
  13. ^ The German-Americans: An Ethnic Experience by Willi Paul Adams Max Kade German-American Center, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, 1993
  14. ^ Indiana's War History - Indiana Magazine of History - Vol. 47, No. 2 (June 1951), pp. 189-190
  15. ^ Peopling Indiana: The Ethnic Experience - Indiana Historical Society, 1996 - p. 172
  16. ^ Hoosier Labor in the Second World War Hugh M. Ayer Indiana Magazine of History Vol. 59, No. 2 (June 1963), p. 95 - Indiana University Press
  17. ^ a b "Monthly Averages for Noblesville, Indiana". The Weather Channel. Archived from the original on October 23, 2012. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
  18. ^ "Indiana Senate Districts". State of Indiana. Archived from the original on January 15, 2011. Retrieved July 14, 2011.
  19. ^ "Indiana House Districts". State of Indiana. Archived from the original on January 15, 2011. Retrieved July 14, 2011.
  20. ^ David Leip's Presidential Atlas (Maps for Indiana by election) Archived November 30, 2008, at the Wayback Machine Results prior to 1960 available through subscription only
  21. ^ "Indiana Election Results 2018". Politico.
  22. ^ Shambaugh, Ann Marie (November 9, 2020). "Biden earned more than half of presidential votes in Carmel". Current.
  23. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018.
  24. ^ Burnham, Walter Dean (1955). Presidential Ballots, 1836-1893. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press. pp. 396–97.
  25. ^ Dubin, Michael J. (2002). United States Presidential Elections, 1788-1860. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company. pp. 33, 43, 53.
  26. ^ a b "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2015.
  27. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 2, 2024.
  28. ^ "US Decennial Census". US Census Bureau. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  29. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Archived from the original on August 11, 2012. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  30. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on October 4, 2014. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  31. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). US Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 18, 2014. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  32. ^ "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Hamilton County, Indiana".
  33. ^ a b c "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2015.
  34. ^ "Selected Social Characteristics in the US – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 14, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2015.
  35. ^ "Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 14, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2015.
  36. ^ "US Data | GHDx". ghdx.healthdata.org. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  37. ^ "USA LIFE EXPECTANCY from 1985-2010".
  38. ^ "US Life Expectancy 1950-2020". www.macrotrends.net. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  39. ^ "County Health Rankings". www.countyhealthrankings.org. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  40. ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Hamilton County, IN" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved August 14, 2022. - Text list
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40°04′N 86°03′W / 40.07°N 86.05°W / 40.07; -86.05

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