Hans Bernd von Haeften (18 December 1905 – 15 August 1944) was a German jurist during the Nazi era. A member of the German Resistance against Adolf Hitler, he was arrested and executed in the aftermath of the failed 20 July plot.
Hans Bernd von Haeften | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 18 December 1905 |
| Died | 15 August 1944 (aged 38) |
| Cause of death | Execution by hanging |
| Occupation | Diplomat |
| Known for | German Resistance |
Biography
editHaeften was born in Berlin, the son of Hans von Haeften (1870–1937), an army officer and President of the Reichsarchiv, and his wife the former Agnes von Brauchitsch (1869–1945), a relation of Walther von Brauchitsch. His siblings were Elisabeth (1903-1980) and Werner (1908–1944). He passed his Abitur in 1924 in Berlin-Wilmersdorf and then studied law, which took him as an exchange student to the University of Cambridge.[1]
He married Barbara Curtius (1908–2006), daughter of Julius Curtius, on 2 September 1930. The couple had five children: Jan, Dirk, Verena, Dorothea, and Ulrike.[2]
After University, he worked for the Stresemann Foundation and then in 1933 joined the Foreign Service. He worked mainly for the cultural-political department of the Foreign Office and as a cultural attaché in Copenhagen, Vienna, and Bucharest.[2]
During the rise of the Nazi Party
editIn 1940, Haeften became the department's leader, but refused to join the Nazi Party. From 1933, he belonged to the Confessing Church. He had contacts with the Kreisau Circle, especially through Ulrich von Hassell and Adam von Trott zu Solz. He refused on religious and moral grounds to have anything to do with any attempt on Adolf Hitler's life, but supported the attempt to overthrow Hitler and stood ready to take power at the Foreign Ministry for the plotters.[2] In January 1944 he stopped his brother, Lieutenant Werner von Haeften, from shooting Hitler with a pistol with the argument that this would break the Fifth Commandment.[3]
Arrest
edit
Haeften was arrested on 23 July 1944, three days after the 20 July Plot, the German military's failed assassination attempt against Hitler at the Wolfsschanze in East Prussia. His brother Lieutenant Werner von Haeften, who was the adjutant of Colonel Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, had been summarily shot along with Stauffenberg in the early hours of 21 July at the Bendlerblock. On 15 August, Haeften was brought before the Volksgerichtshof, or People's Court, and accused of treason in connection with the plot. He confessed to the charge, saying "Legally speaking it is treason; actually it is not. For I no longer feel an obligation of loyalty. I see in Hitler the perpetrator of evil in history."[4] He was sentenced to death and hanged the same day at Plötzensee Prison in Berlin.[2]
Aftermath
editIn August 1998, the German Bundestag cancelled the judgements of the Volksgerichtshofs and special courts with a law, zur Aufhebung nationalsozialistischer Unrechtsurteile in der Strafrechtspflege (overturning unjust National Socialist judgments in criminal cases).[5]
Footnotes
edit- ^ Möckel, Andreas (2005). "Zum 100. Geburtstag von Hans-Bernd von Haeften". Kreisau-Initiative. Retrieved 2016-07-16.
- ^ a b c d
Haeften, Barbara von; Winter, Julie (September 2014). "Write Nothing about Politics: The Life of Hans Bernd von Haeften". www.BrooklynRail.org. In Translation. Retrieved 2016-07-18.
Hans von Haeften became active in the Kreisau Circle resistance group in the early 1940s and was closely connected to the July 20, 1944 plot to assassinate Hitler.
- ^ (Hoffman, 1995) p.231
- ^ (Fest, 1996) p.326
- ^ German Bundestag (29 August 1998), Gesetz zur Aufhebung nationalsozialistischer Unrechtsurteile in der Strafrechtspfleg (PDF), Bundesministeriums der Justiz, retrieved 2016-07-17
See also
editReferences
edit- Fest, Joachim (1996), Plotting Hitler's Death (translation of 'Staatsstreich: Der lange Weg zum 20 Juli'), Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN 0-297-81774-4
- Haeften, Barbara von (1997), Nichts Schriftliches von Politik - Hans Bernd von Haeften: Ein Lebensbericht, Munich: C. H. Beck, ISBN 3-406-42614-X
- Hoffmann, Peter (1995), Stauffenberg (translation of 'Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg und seine Brüder'), University of Cambridge, ISBN 0-521-45307-0
External links
edit
- Hans Bernd von Haeften in the German National Library catalogue
- (in German) Die Gedenkstätte Plötzensee: Der 20. Juli 1944 (title translated into English: July,20 1944) Archived 2019-03-06 at the Wayback Machine; 2003; p. 12–13
- (in German) Michael Stürmer: Barbara von Haeften: Abschied; in: Die Welt, Ausgabe April 8, 2006.