Haploidisation is the process of halving the chromosomal content of a cell, producing a haploid cell. Within the normal reproductive cycle, haploidisation is one of the major functional consequences of meiosis, the other being a process of chromosomal crossover that mingles the genetic content of the parental chromosomes.[1] Usually, haploidisation creates a monoploid cell from a diploid progenitor, or it can involve halving of a polyploid cell, for example to make a diploid potato plant from a tetraploid lineage of potato plants.
If haploidisation is not followed by fertilisation, the result is a haploid lineage of cells. For example, experimental haploidisation may be used to recover a strain of haploid Dictyostelium from a diploid strain.[2] It sometimes occurs naturally in plants when meiotically reduced cells (usually egg cells) develop by parthenogenesis.
Haploidisation was one of the procedures used by Japanese researchers to produce Kaguya, a mouse which had same-sex parents; two haploids were then combined to make the diploid mouse.
Haploidisation commitment is a checkpoint in meiosis which follows the successful completion of premeiotic DNA replication and recombination commitment.[3]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ ML Kothari, L Mehta (2002). "Bipolar hermaphroditism of somatic cell as the basis of its being and becoming: celldom appreciated". Journal of Postgraduate Medicine. 48 (3).
- ^ Welker, DL; Williams, KL (1981). "Genetic and cytological characterisation of fusion chromosomes of Dictyostelium discoideum". Chromosoma. 82: 321–32. doi:10.1007/bf00285758. PMID 7227041.
- ^ Minet, M; Nurse, P; Thuriaux, P; Mitchison, JM. "Uncontrolled septation in a cell division cycle mutant of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe". J Bacteriol. 137: 440–6. PMC 218468. PMID 762020.